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UNITED  STATES  DEPARTMENT  OF  LABOR 

ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 
COMMISSIONER  GENERAL 
OF  IMMIGRATION  -  -  1929 


UNITED  STATES  DEPARTMENT  OF  LABOR 

JAMES  J.  DAVIS.  Secretary 

BUREAU  OF  IMMIGRATION 

HARRY  E.  HULL,  Commissioner  General 


ANNUAL  REPORT  OF  THE 

COMMISSIONER  GENERAL 
OF  IMMIGRATION 

TO  THE  SECRETARY  OF  LABOR 

FISCAL  YEAR 
ENDED  JUNE  30 


1929 


UNITED  STATES 

GOVERNMENT  PRINTING  OFFICE 

WASHINGTON  :  1929 


U,  3.  8UPER!NfENDENT  OF  DOCUMENTS 

DEC  19  1929 

^  $3  X-S*>  *73  ^-  /$ 

"6 

.*  . iv*« .•''' 

CONTENTS 


Page 

Leport  of  the  Commissioner  General  of  Immigration 1 

immigration g 

Volume — Chief  sources — Admissions — Departures — Distribution  _  _  _  _  5 

Immigration  from  Canada 7 

Immigration  from  Mexico _~  g 

Rejections g, 

eamen " ~ jq 

and  border  transactions ? "__  14 

dministrative  fines 15 

hinese j  7 

Return  permits jg 

deportations  (expulsions) 20 

Aliens  of  the  criminal  and  immoral  classes  deported -"__""  21 

eentry  permits  (including  Chinese) 22 

isa  petitions 23 

nmigrant  students 23 

ersonnel  (administrative) — Field  service ~___'_  24 

inancial  statement 25 

order  patrol ~  26 

Roll  of  honor 26 

dministration  problems "  29 

Field 29 

egislation  recommended 29 

onclusion 22 

APPENDIX— STATISTICS  OF  IMMIGRATION   (TABLES  1  TO   111) 

[All  tables  cover  the  fiscal  year  ended  June  30,  1929,  unless  otherwise  indicated] 

able  -, 

Page 

1.  Aliens   admitted,    departed,    debarred,    and    deported,    and    United 

States  citizens  arrived  and  departed,  vears  ended  June  30,   1928 

and  1929,  by  ports  or  districts 35 

2.  Net  increase  of  population  by  admission  and  "departure  of  aliens 

years  ended  June  30,  1926,  1927,  1928,  and  1929,  by  semiannual 

periods  and  months 37 

3.  Net  increase  or  decrease  of  population,  bv  admission  and  "departure 

of  aliens,  years  ended  June  30,  1928  and  1929,  bv  countries. __    __  38 

4.  Net  increase  or  decrease  of  population  by  admission  and  departure 

of  aliens,  by  race  or  people,  sex,  and  age  periods 41 

5.  Intended  future  permanent  residence  of  aliens  admitted  and  last  per- 

manent  residence  of  aliens  departed,  bv  States  and  Territories  42 

b.  Occupations  of  aliens  admitted  and  departed,  by  classes ___  43 

7.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,   by  race  or  people,  age,  and  conjugal 

condition 45 

8.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  by  race  or  people,  sex,  andage.!"""  46 

9.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,   by  race  or  people,   sex,  and  conjugal 


condition 


47 


10.  Nonimmigrant  aliens  admitted,  by  race  or  people,  age,  and  conjugal 

condition _____  48 

11.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  by  race  or  people,  monev  "shown,"  who 

paid  passage,  and  whom  going  to  join _  49 

12.  Nonimmigrant  aliens  admitted,  by  race  or  people,  monev  shown",  who 

paid  passage,  and  whom  going  to  join 1 50 

3.  Literacy  condition  of  immigrant  aliens  admitted,  bv  race  or  people, 

and  sex ______  51 

4.  Literacy  condition  of  nonimmigrant  aliens  admitted,  bv  race  or  peo- 

ple, and  sex 52 

in 


IV  CONTEXTS 

Table  PaS 

15.  Emigrant  aliens  departed,  by  race  or  people,  age,  and  conjugal  con- 

dition    5 

16.  Emigrant  aliens  departed,  by  race  or  people,  sex,  and  age 5 

17.  Emigrant  aliens  departed,  by  race  or  people,  sex,  and  conjugal  con- 

dition  

18.  Emigrant  aliens  departed,  by  race  or  people,  and  length  of  residence 

in  the  United  States 5 

19.  Nonemigrant  aliens  departed,  by  race  or  people,  age,  and  conjugal 

condition .-  5 

20.  Nonemigrant  aliens  departed,  by  race  or  people,  and  length  of  resi- 

dence in  the  United  States 5 

21.  Naturalized  citizens  permanently  departed,  by  race  or  people,  sex, 

age,   conjugal  condition,   and  length  of  residence  in  the  United 
States  -.- 

22.  Native-born  citizens  permanently  departed,  by  race  or  people,  sex, 

age,   conjugal  condition,   and  length  of  residence  in  the  United 
States " ^ 

23.  Aliens  admitted  and  departed,  and  United  States  citizens  perma- 

nently departed,  by  classes,  age,  sex,  and  conjugal  condition 6 

24.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  by  race  or  people  and  countries  of  last 

permanent  residence ---  ^ 

25.  Emigrant  aliens  departed,  by  race  or  people  and  countries  of  intended 

future  permanent  residence ^ 

26.  Naturalized  citizens  permanently  departed,  by  race  or  people  and 

countries  of  intended  future  permanent  residence / 

27.  Native-born  citizens  permanently  departed,  by  race  or  people  and 

countries  of  intended  future  permanent  residence ---         7 

28.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  by  race  or  people  and  States  of  intended 

future  permanent  residence ;v~Z 

29.  Emigrant  aliens  departed,  by  race  or  people  and  States  of  last  per- 

manent residence 

30.  Naturalized  citizens  permanently  departed,  by  race  or  people  and 

States  of  last  permanent  residence - 

31.  Native-born  citizens  permanently  departed,  by  race  or  people  and 

States  of  last  permanent  residence --- iV-I"Jj~j 

32.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  by  ports  of  entry  and  States  of  intended 

future  permanent  residence 

33.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  by  occupations  and  race  or  people 

34    Emigrant  aliens  departed,  by  occupations  and  race  or  people.     

35.  Naturalized  citizens  permanently  departed,  by  occupations  and  race 

36.  Native-born    citizens    permanently    departed,    by    occupations    and 

race  or  people -  -. ;  ~f  ~  I 

37.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,   by  occupations  and  countries  of  last 

permanent  residence ^rv-r.-.-j:; 

38.  Emigrant  aliens  departed,  by  occupations  and  countries  of  intended 

future  permanent  residence ro;V""7vrTJ 

39.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  by  occupations  and  States  of  intended 

future  permanent  residence -  -  -  - rrr 

40.  Emigrant  aliens  departed,  by  occupations  and  States  of  last  per- 

manent  residence ,- - - -  -  -  -        , 0 

41    Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  by  race  or  people  and  country  of  birth  Ul 

42~  Immigrant  and  nonimmigrant  aliens  admitted,  and  emigrant  and 
nonemigrant  aliens  departed,  showing  countries  of  last  or  intended 
future  permanent  residence,  by  sex -  -  -  - ■- 

43  Immigrant    aliens    admitted    during    specified    periods,    January    1,         J 

1928,  to  June  30,  1929,  by  race  or  people  and  sex.-  --        >■* 

44  Nonimmigrant  aliens  admitted  during  specified  periods,  January  1,         ^l 

1928,  to  June  30,  1929,  by  race  or  people  and  sex -----        i- 

45  Emigrant  aliens  departed  during  specified  periods,  January  1,  19/8,  : 

to  June  30,  1929,  bv  race  or  people  and  sex r-j"" 'i V 

46  Nonemigrant  aliens  departed  during  specified  periods,   January   1, 

1928,  to  June  30,  1929,  by  race  or  people  and  sex     J--;C" 

47  Immigrant  and  nonimmigrant  aliens  admitted,  by  classes  under  the 

immigration  act  of  1924,  as  amended,  with  comparative  per  cents, 
as  specified 


CONTENTS  V 

Page 

Aliens  admitted  under  the  immigration  act  of  1924,  as  amended,  by 

classes  and  country  or  area  of  birth 133 

Aliens  admitted  under  the  immigration  act  of  1924,  as  amended,  by 

classes  and  race  or  people 7~J—"        ^ 

Aliens  admitted  under  the  immigration  act  of  1924,  as  amended,  by 

classes  and  ports  of  entry 140 

Aliens  debarred  from  entering  the  United  States,  by  race  or  people, 

causes,  and  sex 142 

Aliens  debarred  from  entering  the  United  States,  showing  number 
rejected  at  the  land  border  stations  and  at  the  seaports  of  entry, 
by  causes  and  sex 144 

Aliens  debarred  from  entering  the  United  States,  showing  number 
rejected  at  the  land  border  stations  and  at  the  seaports  of  entry, 
by  race  or  people  and  sex 145 

Alien  applicants  for  admission  at  the  seaports  and  land  border  ports, 
showing  number  admitted  and  debarred  and  per  cent  of  applicants 
debarred,  bv  race  or  people 146 

Permanent  residents  of  contiguous  foreign  territory  applying  for 
temporary  sojourn  in  the  United  States  refused  admission,  by 
causes 147 

Aliens    deported    (under    warrant    proceedings)    after    entering    the 

United  States,  by  race  or  people,  and  causes 148 

Aliens    deported    (under    warrant    proceedings)    after  -entering    the 

United  States,  by  race  or  people,  and  countries  to  which  deported.        152 

Aliens  certified  by  surgeons  as  physically  or  mentally  defective,  by 

race  or  people,  sex,  age,  class  of  defect,  and  disposition 156 

Aliens  certified  by  surgeons  as  physically  or  mentally  defective,  show- 
ing sex,  age,  class  of  defect,  and  disposition,  by  disease  or  defect.  _        158 
i0.  Aliens  certified  by  surgeons  as  physically  or  mentally  defective,  show- 
ing organ  or  portion  of  body  affected,  by  disease  or  defect 160 

Aliens  certified  by  surgeons  as  physically  or  mentally  defective,  by 

disease  or  defect ,  and  race  or  people 162 

Aliens  certified  by  surgeons  as  physically  or  mentally  defective,  by 

organ  or  portion  of  body  affected,  and  race  or  people 166 

>3.  Appeals  from  decisions  under  immigration  laws,  applications  for  ad- 
mission on  bond  without  appeal,  applications  for  hospital  treat- 
ment, and  applications  for  transit,  by  causes 170 

i4.  Appeals  from  decisions  under  immigration  laws,  applications  for  ad- 
mission on  bond  without  appeal,  applications  for  hospital  treat- 
ment, and  applications  for  transit  by  ports 171 

Aliens  granted  hospital  treatment  under  sections  18  and  22,  by  race 

or  people 172 

Aliens  granted  hospital  treatment  under  sections  18  and  22,  by  ports.        172 

Comparison  between  alien  arrivals  and  head-tax  settlements 173 

Alien  stowaways,  found  on  board  .vessels  arriving  at  ports  of  the 

United  States,  by  ports  or  districts 173 

Japanese  aliens  applied  for  admission,  admitted,  debarred,  deported, 

and  departed,  years  ended  June  30,  1928  and  1929 174 

Increase  or  decrease  of  Japanese  population  by  alien  admissions  and 

departures,  years  ended  June  30,  1928  and  1929,  by  months 174 

Occupations  of  Japanese  aliens  admitted  and  departed 175 

'2.   Miscellaneous  Chinese  transactions,  by  ports 176 

Aliens  admitted  to  continental  United  States  (mainland)  from  in- 
sular possessions,  and  to  insular  possessions  from  mainland  and 
from  other  insular  possessions,  by  ports 176 

Arrivals  in  and  departures  from  the  Philippine  Islands,  vears  ended 

June  30,  1928,  and  1929,  as  specified 177 

'5.  Aliens  admitted  to  and  aliens  departed,  debarred,  and  deported  from 
the  Philippine  Islands,  years  ended  June  30,  1928  and  1929,  by 
classes,  as  specified 178 

Net  increase  of  population,  by  admission  and  departure  of  aliens, 

years  ended  June  30,  1908  to  1929 179 

Net  increase  of  population,  bv  admission  and  departure  of  aliens, 

calendar  years  1918  to  1928_" 179 

Nonimmigrant  aliens  admitted,  years  ended  June  30,  1908,  to  1929 

by  principal  countries  of  last  permanent  residence 180 


VI  CONTENTS 

Table  .  Paf 

79.  Nonemigrant  aliens  departed,  years  ended  June  30,  1908  to  1929,  by 

principal  countries  of  intended  future  permanent  residence IS 

80.  United  States  citizens  permanently  departed,  years  ended  June  30, 

1918  to  1929,  by  principal  countries  of  intended  future  permanent 
residence 18 

81.  Immigration  to  the  United  States,  1820  to  1929,  by  years 18 

82.  Immigration  to  the  United  States  from  northern  and  western  Europe, 

southern  and  eastern  Europe,  Asia,  Canada  and  Newfoundland, 
Mexico,  West  Indies,  and  other  countries,  during  specified  periods, 
1820  to  1929 18 

83.  Immigration  to  the  United  States  during  specified  periods,  1820  to 

1929,  by  countries 18 

84.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  years  ended  June  30,  1911  to  1929,  by 

countries  of  last  permanent  residence 18  I 

85.  Emigrant  aliens  departed,  years  ended  June  30,    1908  to  1929,  by 

countries  of  intended  future  permanent  residence 19  I 

86.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  years  ended  June  30,  1899  to  1929,  by 

race  or  people 19 

87.  Emigrant  aliens  departed,  years  ended  June  30,   1908  to  1929,  by 

race  or  people 19 

88.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted  and  emigrant  aliens  departed,  showing 

comparative  per  cent  of  total,  by  race  or  people,  3'ears  ended  June 

30,  1916  to  1929 19 

89.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted  and  emigrant  aliens  departed,  with  excess 

admissions  or  departures  and  number  departed  for  every  100  ad- 
mitted, years  ended  June  30,  1926  to  1929,  as  specified,  by  coun- 
tries of  last  or  intended  future  permanent  residence 20( 

90.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted  and  emigrant  aliens  departed,  with  excess 

of  admissions  or  departures  and  number  departed  for  every  100 
admitted,  years  ended  June  30,  1926  to  1929,  as  specified,  by  race 
or  people 201 

91.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted  and  emigrant  aliens  departed,  with  excess 

of  admissions  or  departures  and  number  departed  for  every  100 
admitted,  years  ended  June  30,  1926  to  1929,  as  specified,  by  States 
of  intended  future  or  last  permanent  residence 20< 

92.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  with  comparative  per  cent,  by  sex,  years 

ended  June  30,  1871  to  1929 20( 

93.  Emigrant  aliens  departed,  with  comparative  per  cent,  by  sex,  vears 

ended  June  30,  1908  to  1929 1 207 

94.  Immigrant   aliens   admitted   during   specified   periods,    years  ended 

June  30,  1926  to  1929,  by  countries  of  last  permanent  residence 

and  sex_. 208 

95.  Emigrant  aliens  departed  during  specified  periods,  years  ended  June 

30,  1926  to  1929,  by  countries  of  intended  future  permanent  resi- 
dence and  sex 209 

96.  Comparative  per  cent  of  sex  of  immigrant  aliens  admitted  and  emi- 

grant aliens  departed  during  specified  period,  years  ended  June  30, 
1926  to  1929,  by  countries  of  last  or  intended  future  permanent 
residence 210 

97.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted  during  specified  periods,  years  ended  June 

30,  1926  to  1928,  by  race  or  people  and  sex 212 

98.  Emigrant  aliens  departed  during  specified  periods,  years  ended  June 

30,  1926  to  1929,  by  race  or  people  and  sex 213 

99.  Comparative  per  cent  of  sex  of  immigrant  aliens  admitted  and  emi- 

grant aliens  departed  during  specified  periods,  years  ended  June  30, 

1926  to  1929,  by  race  or  people 214 

100.  Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  years  ended  June  30,  1916  to  1929,  by 

occupational  groups,  and  comparative  per  cent 216 

101.  Emigrant  aliens  departed,  years  ended  June  30,  1916  to  1929,  by 

occupational  groups,  and  comparative  per  cent 217 

102.  Alien  applicants  for  admission  to  the  United  States,  years  ended 

June  30,  1911  to  1929,  showing  comparison  of  the  number  debarred 

at  the  seaports  and  at  the  land  border  ports,  as  specified 218 

103.  Aliens  debarred  from  entering  the  United  States,  showing  compara- 

tive per  cent  of  total  debarred,  by  race  or  people,  years  ended  June 

30,  1921  to  1929 219 

104.  Aliens  debarred,  by  causes,  1892  to  1929 221 


CONTENTS  VII 

|  >le  Page 

Aliens  deported  from  the  United  States  after  landing,  showing  com- 
parative per  cent  of  total  deported,  by  race  or  people,  vears  ended 
June  30,  1921  to  1929,  as  specified _* 223 

Aliens  deported  (under  warrant  proceedings)  after  entering  the 
United  States,  years  ended  June  30,  1916  to  1929,  by  causes,  and 
showing  principal  groups  by  comparative  per  cent 224 

Aliens  admitted  under  the  immigration  act  of  1924,  as  amended,  by 
classes,  years  ended  June  30,  1925  to  1929,  with  comparative  per 
cent,  as  specified 226 

Aliens  admitted  to  continental  United  States  (mainland)  from  in- 
sular possessions,  years  ended  June  30,  1908  to  1929,  by  ports 227 

Aliens  departed  from  continental  United  States  (mainland)  to  insular 
possessions,  and  from  insular  possessions  to  continental  United 
States  and  other  insular  possessions,  years  ended  June  30,  1919 
to  1929,  by  ports 228 

United  States  citizens  arrived  in  continental  United  States  (mainland) 
from  insular  possessions,  and  in  insular  possessions  from  conti- 
nental United  States  and  other  insular  possessions,  years  ended 
June  30,  1920  to  1929,  by  ports 229 

Filipinos,  and  Chinese  and  Japanese  United  States  citizens,  arrived 
in  and  departed  from  Hawaii,  years  ended  June  30,  1922  to  1929, 
as  specified 230 


ANNUAL  REPORT 

OF  THE 

COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


Department  of  Labor, 
Bureau  of  Immigration, 

Washington,  June  30,  1929. 
[on.  James  J.  Davis, 

Secretary  of  Labor. 

Sir:  During  the  past  fiscal  year  this  country  has  received  279,678 
T)  mi  grants  and  lost  69,203  emigrants,  a  net  gain  of  210,475  as  com- 
ared  with  a  net  gain  of  like  character  last  year  of  229,798.  In 
le  same  period  199,649  nonimmigrants  have  come  to  us  and  183,295 
onemigrants  have  left  us,  an  excess  of  nonimmigrants  over  non- 
migrants  of  16,354.  The  excess  of  immigrants  over  emigrants  is 
nportant,  since  it  reflects  the  actual  permanent  net  gain  in  alien 
opulation.  The  excess  of  nonimmigrants  over  nonemigrants,  except 
'om  a  statistical  standpoint,  is  relatively  unimportant.  It  should 
e  explained  that  the  nonimmigrant  is  one  who  has  been  permanently 
dmitted  to  the  United  States  and  is  returning  from  a  temporary 
bsence  or  an  alien  who  is  admitted  to  the  United  States  for  a  tem- 
orary  stay.  The  nonemigrant  is  one  who  departs  after  having  been 
dmitted  temporarily  or  a  permanent  alien  resident  who  departs 
dth  the  intention  of  returning  to  this  country.  It  should  be  under- 
tood  that  the  term  "nonimmigrant,"  as  here  employed,  does  not 
mbrace  transits  nor  alieDS  possessing  a  residence  of  one  year  or 
aore  in  a  foreign  contiguous  country  who  enter  the  United  States 
or  visits  of  less  than  six  months,  nor  aliens  who  habitually  or  periodi- 
ally  cross  and  recross  the  land  boundaries — totaling  in  all  over  thirty 
aillions  annually,  treating  each  entry  of  the  same  person  as  a  separate 
ransaction — nor  does  the  term  "nonimmigrant,"  as  here  employed, 
mbrace  over  a  million  visiting  seamen,  all  of  whom  were  examined, 
vlention  is  made  of  these  facts,  otherwise  the  bare  figures  dealing 
xclusively  with  "immigrants"  and  "emigrants"  would  offer  but  a 
rery  meager  and  wholly  misleading  index  of  the  tremendous  volume  and 
rariety  of  tasks  involved  in  the  administration  of  the  laws  dealing  with 
,rriving  aliens,  to  say  nothing  of  those  departing  and  those  remaining. 

During  the  past  year  the  departure  from  the  United  States  of  38,796 
.liens  subject  to  deportation  was  brought  about,  12,908  under  formal 
warrants  of  deportation  and  25,888  through  the  voluntary  action  of  the 
.Hens  involved,  an  increase  in  the  total  number  removed  over  last  year 
•f  7,225. 

Criminal  and  civil  actions  for  violation  of  the  immigration  laws 
>ending  at  the  beginning  of  the  year  numbered  317;  2,096  new 
;ases  were  instituted  resulting  in  1,483  convictions  or  judgments, 
:7  acquittals,  and  177  dismissals,  leaving  a  balance  of  706  cases 
)ending  at  the  close  of  the  year,  as  compared  with  906  actions  in- 
itituted  in  the  previous  year,  with  702  convictions  or  judgments, 
I8_acquittals,  and  201  dismissals. 

1 


A  REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

In  the  fiscal  year  1928  the  Government  was  compelled  to  defend 
833  new  writs  of  habeas  corpus  besides  179  pending  at  the  beginning 
of  that  year,  losing  111  cases.  In  the  fiscal  year  covered  by  this 
report  530  cases  were  pending  at  the  beginning  thereof;  and  1,369 
new  writs  were  issued,  the  Government  losing  in  109  cases. 

The  past  year  witnessed  the  handing  down  by  the  United  States 
Supreme  Court  of  two  decisions  highly  important  from  an  'mmi- 
gration  standpoint.  The  more  important  one  was  on  writ  of  certiorari 
to  the  United  States  Circuit  Court  of  Appeals  for  the  Second  Circuit 
in  the  case  of  "Arthur  J.  Karnuth,  United  States  Director  of  Im- 
migration, and  Charles  Drehr,  Inspector  in  Charge,  United  States 
Immigration  Service,  petitioners,  v.  United  States  of  America,  on 
Petition  of  Preston  M.  Albro,  an  attorne}^  for  Mary  Cook  and 
Antonio  Danelon."  This  case  arose  as  a  consequence  of  the  bureau 
and  department's  General  Order  No.  86,  classifying  alien  residents 
of  foreign  contiguous  territory,  who  sought  or  came  to  pursue  em- 
ployment in  border  communities  in  the  United  States,  as  immi- 
grants, in  respect  of  whom  the  production  of  visas,  quota  or  non- 
quota, was  made  a  prerequisite  to  admission,  instead  of  as  non- 
immigrants coming  temporarily  for  business  without  visas,  as  thej 
claimed  the  right  to  do.  Thousands  of  aliens  living  in  border  cities 
of  foreign  contiguous  territory,  particularly  Canada,  were  taking 
advantage  of  the  situation  to  gain  a  livelihood  in  the  United  States 
The  situation  was  alarming,  threatening  as  it  did,  in  the  course  o: 
time,  completely  to  break  down  visa  restrictions,  not  only  as  tc 
natives  of  Canada  and  Mexico  but  of  the  rest  of  the  world  as  well 
since,  if  aliens  of  the  class  in  question  could  reside  in  foreign  contiguous 
territory  and  work  in  the  United  States,  there  was  nothing,  so  fa] 
as  our  own  laws  were  concerned,  to  prevent  European  aliens  froir 
settling  in  foreign  contiguous  countries  and  entering  the  Unitec 
States  daily  in  pursuance  of  their  employment,  which  would  have 
left  American  workers  exposed  to  all  the  old  evils  of  unrestrictec 
alien  competition.  The  case  was  decided  favorably  to  the  Govern- 
ment in  the  lower  court,  but  the  decision  was  reversed  by  the  circuil 
court  of  appeals,  and  the  decision  of  the  latter  court  in  turn  was  re- 
versed by  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States,  which  sustained  the 
district  court,  the  Supreme  Court  holding  that  such  aliens  were  not 
business  visitors  but  immigrants,  as  the  term  is  denned  by  the  immi- 
gration act  of  1924,  and,  in  consequence,  all  such  are  now  required  as  8 
prerequisite  to  entry  to  present  immigration  visas,  quota  or  nonquota 
depending  upon  their  nativity.  The  courageous  and  determined 
struggle  made  by  the  department  in  the  face  of  almost  insuperable 
obstacles  and  adverse  opinion  in  getting  the  question  before  the 
Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States  and  there  having  it  settled  and 
settled  right,  as  it  eventually  was,  marks  one  of  the  most  noteworthy 
achievements  in  the  department's  history. 

The  other  outstanding  decision  of  the  Supreme  Court  affecting  the 
administration  of  the  immigration  laws  was  in  the  Claussen  case 
concerning  which  more  detailed  discussion  will  be  hereinafter  found 
in  the  chapter  devoted  to  alien  seamen.  By  virtue  of  this  decisior 
alien  seamen  residing  in  the  United  States,  in  common  with  all  othei 
aliens  residing  therein,  are  regarded  as  having  departed  from  the 
United  States  when  they  have  gone  to  a  foreign  country,  regardless 
of  the  flag  under  which  they  sailed.     Formerly  alien  seamen  residing 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION  6 

the  United  States,  many  of  them  illegally  and  in  whose  eases 
portation  could  not  be  effected  by  reason  of  length  of  such  residence, 
ire  held  by  the  courts  upon  their  return  to  the  United  States  from 
voyage  to  a  foreign  port  as  never  having  left  the  United  States, 
ps  prevented  the  exclusion  of  such  as  were  undesirable  or  unfit  to 
ay  here. 

Much  discussion,  pro  and  con,  has  developed  during  the  past  year 
to  the  merits  or  demerits  (depending  upon  one's  point  of  view)  of 
ie  so-called  national-origins  plan  of  regulating  immigration.  It  is 
>t  purposed  here  to  say  whether  the  system  is  sound  or  unsound;  the 
sople  spoke  in  1924  when  the  so-called  quota  act  of  that  year  was 
issed  by  an  overwhelming  majority  of  their  Representatives  in 
Dngress.  That  act  embraced  the  national-origins  plan  with  the 
ipulation  that  it  should  go  into  effect  July  1,  1927.  Twice  by  joint 
solution  of  Congress,  first  on  March  4,  1927,  and  again  on  March 
,  1928,  the  operative  date  of  the  plan  was  postponed  for  a  year, 
ulure  of  the  Congress  at  the  last  regular  session  again  to  postpone 
e  taking  effect  of  the  plan  caused  the  President,  as  required  by  th& 
rms  of  the  act  of  May  26,  1924,  to  proclaim  the  quotas,  as  therein 
ovided,  effective  July  1,  1929.  While  the  operation  of  the  national- 
igins  plan  does  not  fall  within  the  year  covered  by  this  report,  a 
3rd  or  two  concerning  its  obvious  consequences  would  seem  not 
appropriate.  The  new  quotas  will  reduce  the  number  of  quota 
imigrants  who  may  be  admitted  in  any  fiscal  year  from  164,667 
15o,714.  Increases  in  the  quotas  of  Austria,  Belgium,  Finland, 
reat  Britain  and  Northern  Ireland,  Greece,  Hungary,  Italy,  Latvia, 
thuania,  The  Netherlands,  Poland,  European  and  Asiatic  Russia, 
)ain,  Turkey,  and  Yugoslavia  will  result,  while  the  quotas  of  Czecho- 
Dvakia,  the  Free  City  of  Danzig,  Denmark,  France,  Germany,  Irish 
ree  State,  Norway,  Portugal,  Rumania,  Sweden,  and  Switzerland 
ill  be  reduced.  The  quotas  of  Great  Britain  and  Northern  Ireland, 
•aly,  and  the  Netherlands  are  the  chief  gainers,  and  those  of  Den- 
ark,  Germany,  the  Irish  Free  State,  Norway  and  Sweden  are  the 
•incipal  losers. 

Without  increasing  the  sum  total  of  quota  immigrants  who  may  be 

Knitted   to  the  United  States  as  now  proclaimed,  the  bureau  is 

rongly  in  favor  of  an  enlargement  of  the  preference  classes  there- 

ider.     It  is  thought  that  the  Congress  should  first,  however,  enact 

gislation   permitting   the   Commissioner   General   of   Immigration, 

ith  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  Labor,  to  authorize  an  Ameri- 

in  citizen  to  bring  in  his  or  her  parents  over  60  under  appropriate 

igulations   and   after  due  investigation,    without  regard   to   quota 

Wtations;  also  unmarried  stepchildren  under  21  years  of  age,  and 

lat  legislation  should  be  enacted  to  permit  an  American  citizen 

oman  to  bring  in  her  husband  as  a  nonquota  alien  without  regard  to 

ie  time  the  marriage  occurred,  upon  authorization  of  the  Commis- 

oner  General  of  Immigration,  with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of 

abor — all  after  the  fullest  investigation.     At  the  present  time  an 

I  merican  citizen  husband  can  secure  nonquota  status  for  his  wife  re- 

i  irdless  of  the  date  of  the  marriage,  whereas-an  American  citizen  wife 

|  in  secure  a  nonquota  status  for  her  husband  only  if  the  marriage  oc- 

'.  irred  prior  to  June  1, 1928.  There  is  no  good  reason  why  the  same  priv- 

>  ?ge  should  not  be  extended  to  an  American  citizen  wife  that  is  extended 

an  American  citizen  husband.     The  bureau  is  stronglv  in  favor  of 


4         REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER   GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

legislation  in  effect  enlarging  the  preference  classes  within  quote 
limitations  by  permitting  the  Commissioner  General  of  Immigration 
with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  Labor,  under  such  regulations 
as  may  be  prescribed,  to  authorize,  from  time  to  time,  a  preference 
In  the  issuance  of  quota  visas  to  aliens  needed  in  our  economic 
development  and  to  designate  as  inadmissible  aliens  not  so  needed 
in  other  words,  have  this  country  say  whom  it  wants  and  needs  anc 
whom  it  does  not  want  nor  need,  instead  of  leaving  the  choice  to  th< 
potential  immigrant.  The  policy  to-day  excepting  as  to  certaii 
specified  relatives,  to  whom  preference  is  given  within  the  quotas,  i: 
to  say  in  effect  that  all  others  may  apply  who  choose,  "first  come,  firs 
served,"  and  within  quota  limitations  we  will  admit  them  whethe: 
we  need  them  or  not,  provided  they  do  not  fall  within  the  specifically 
enumerated  excludable  classes.  This  is  not  economic  or  defensible 
We  should  invite  whom  we  want  in  our  household.  Existing  lav 
provides  that  preference  in  the  issuance  of  visas  shall  be  accorded  t< 
persons  skilled  in  agriculture,  but  there  is  no  provision  under  whicl 
the  possible  needs  of  American  agriculture,  for  persons  so  skilled,  cai 
be  determined  in  advance,  nor  does  existing  law  prevent  aliens  s< 
skilled  from  coming  here  as  a  preferred  class  under  the  quota  an< 
immediately  engaging  in  other  pursuits  already  overcrowded.  Thi 
should  be  rectified. 

There  exists  a  pressing  need  for  a  larger  bureau  and  field  force 
This  need  is  steadily  growing  and  must  be  taken  care  of  if  efficien 
administration  of  the  laws  now  on  the  statute  books  dealing  wit! 
aliens  is  to  be  had.  The  capacity  of  the  field  organization  and  bureai 
staff  is  taxed  to  the  uttermost;  vitally  important  work  is  neglected 
The  act  approved  March  4,  1929,  as  amended  June  24,  1929,  making  i 
a  felony  with  penalty  for  certain  aliens  to  enter  the  United  States  unde 
certain  conditions  in  violation  of  law,  is  a  greatly  needed  piece  o 
legislation.  It  gives  force  and  effect  to  previously  enacted  immigratioi 
legislation,  without  which  aliens  were  formerly  accustomed  to  enter  th 
United  States  surreptitiously  or  by  means  of  fraudulent  representations 
with  no  fear  of  punishment  other  than  deportation,  and  an  assuranc* 
that  sooner  or  later  such  illegal  attempts  would  prove  successful ;  nov 
they  know  that  such  attempts  if  detected  will  be  more  severely  deal 
with.  Although  but  a  short  time  has  elapsed  since  this  legislatioi 
was  enacted,  the  salutary  effects  are  already  noticeable.  The  prepara 
tion  of  such  cases  for  criminal  prosecution  has  laid  a  heavy  burdei 
upon  an  already  overtaxed  field  force.  This  legislation,  in  effect,  al® 
provides,  among  other  things,  for  the  permanent  banishment  of  an  aliei 
heretofore  or  hereafter  arrested  and  deported,  unless  such  deportatioi 
occurred  prior  to  March  4,  1929,  and  prior  to  that  date  the  Secretar 
of  Labor  had  given  such  alien  permission  to  reapply.  This  is  drasti 
in  the  extreme  and  in  ways  too  numerous  to  mention  works  hardships 
injustices,  and  cruelties  in  many  individual  cases.  The  law,  in  th 
opinion  of  the  bureau,  should  be  promptly  amended,  by  giving  th 
Secretary  of  Labor  discretion  to  admit  in  meritorious  cases,  especially 
those  in  which  considerations  of  humanity  clearly  dictate  such  a  cours 
of  action,  aliens  heretofore  or  hereafter  arrested  and  deported,  fouiw 
to  be  otherwise  admissible. 

The  act  approved  March  2,  1929,  entitled  "An  act  to  supplemen 
the  naturalization  laws  and  for  other  purposes,"  sections  1  to  11  o 
which  became  effective  July  1,  1929,  is  another  much  needed  piece 


c 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION    5 

legislation.  Among  other  things,  it  provides  for  the  registry  of  aliens, 
under  certain  conditions,  who  entered  the  United  States  prior  to  June 
3,  1921,  in  whose  cases  there  is  no  record  of  admission  for  permanent 
residence.  Many  thousands  of  such  aliens,  how  many  thousands  we 
do  not  know,  are  in  this  country ;  they  have  lived  here  continuously, 
behaved  themselves,  reared  families,  engaged  in  business,  and,  owing 
to  statutory  limitation,  can  not  be  deported.  They  had  no  standing 
before  the  law,  could  not  become  naturalized,  and  could  not  leave 
and  reenter  the  United  States  without  compliance  with  every  require- 
ment of  law  faced  by  a  new  immigrant.  The  new  law  partially 
remedies  this  situation,  but  it  should  go  further  and  afford  similar 
relief  to  aliens  in  the  same  predicament,  who  entered  at  any  time  prior 
to  July  1,  1924.  It  may  be  stated  in  passing  also  that  this  legislation 
promises  to  add  tremendously  to  the  work  of  the  bureau  and  field 
forces.  It  is  too  early  to  predict  with  any  degree  of  assurance  just  to 
.vhat  dimensions  the  work  will  grow,  but  it  is  reasonable  to  assume  the 
lumber  of  applicants  will  steadily  grow  to  very  large  proportions,  and 
vhen  it  is  remembered  that  the  case  of  every  applicant  will  have  to  be 
exhaustively  investigated  as  clearly  contemplated  by  the  statute,  it  is 
;afe  to  say  that  not  less  than  a  million  dollars  annually  will  be  needed 
;o  carry  on  the  work  if  it  is  to  be  done  promptly  and  efficiently. 

Neither  time  nor  space  permits  of  such  a  discussion  of  the  multi- 
udmous  problems  connected  with  the  enforcement  of  the  laws  dealing 
vith  aliens,  as  the  bureau  would  like  to  indulge  in.  A  few  only  of  the 
nore  important  phases  of  administration  have  been  dealt  with  and 
hese  but  briefly.  In  the  following  pages,  however,  including  the 
ippendix  comprising  statistical  tables,  information  of  much  value  is 
ecorded. 

Before  proceeding  further,  however,  the  bureau  wishes  to  make 
nention  of  the  great  improvement  which  has  occurred  during  the  past 
'ear  in  the  morale  of  the  immigrant  inspectors  as  the  result  of  the 
doption  by  Congress  of  the  so-called  Reed-Jenkins  immigrant  inspec- 
or  pay  bill.  This  legislation  affords  definite  assurance  to  young  men 
onsidering  entry  into  the  Immigration  Service  as  immigrant  inspec- 
ors,  as  well  as  those  already  in  the  service  in  that  capacity,  that 
atisfactory  and  meritorious  service  will  be  suitably  rewarded  within 
quitable  limitations. 

IMMIGRATION 

VOLUME -CHIEF  SOURCES—ADMISSIONS— DEPARTURES— DISTRIBUTION 

During  the  past  year  479,327  aliens  were  admitted  and  252,498 
eparted,  resulting  in  a  gross  but  not  necessarily  permanent  increase 
f  220,829  in  the  alien  population  of  the  United  States.  This  increase 
•  practically  the  same  as  that  which  occurred  in  the  previous  year, 
hen  500,631  aliens  were  admitted  and  274,356  departed. 

Of  the  479,327  aliens  who  entered  the  country,  279,678  were  immi- 
rants,  or  newcomers  for  permanent  residence,  and  199,649  were  non- 
umigrants  coming  here  for  a  stay  of  less  than  one  year  or  returning 
om  a  temporary  sojourn  in  some  foreign  country.  Nearly  three- 
•urths,  or,  to  be  exact,  183,295  of  the  aliens  who  departed  were  non- 
nigrants,  i.  e.,  those  who,  having  established  a  permanent  residence 

the  United  States,  upon  departing  announced  an  intention  of  re- 
irnmg,  and  those  who  had  been  here  for  a  period  of  less  than  one 


6  REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

year      The  remaining  69,203  aliens  who  left  during  the  year  were 
emigrants  who  announced  an  intention  to  reside  permanently  m  a 

Immigrant  aliens  were  admitted  at  the  rate  of  23,306  a  month,  the 
peak  being  reached  during  October,when  29,917  entered  the  country. 
February  witnessed  the  lowest  point,  with  17,254.  In  the  one  month 
of  June/1913,  the  influx  reached  a  total  of  176,261.  European  coun- 
tries then  sent  160,396  immigrants,  of  whom  135,208,  or  84.3  per  cent, 
came  from  Austria-Hungary,  Italy,  and  the  Russian  Empire.  During 
the  entire  past  year  Europe  contributed  158,598,  or  56.7  per  cent  of 
the  total  for  the  year,  Germany  with  46,751  leading  the  list,  followed 
by  Great  Britam  with  21,327.  Italy  sent  us  18,008  during  the  year, 
or  two-fifths  of  the  number  of  immigrants  contributed  by  her  during 
the  month  of  June,  1913;  while  the  Irish  Free  State  sent  us  17,672; 
the  Scandinavian  countries  (Denmark,  Norway,  and  Sweden) : 
17  379;  Poland,  9,002;  France,  4,428;  and  Czechoslovakia,  4,411 
The  other  European  countries  combined  contributed  19,620,  or  less 
than  3,000  immigrants  each.  There  was  a  small  increase  in  lmmi- 
oration  from  Europe  as  a  whole  as  compared  with  the  previous  year 
when  158,513  immigrants  came  from  that  continent,  as  compared  witt 
158  598  in  1929  While  the  number  of  newcomers  from  Germany 
Great  Britain,  Italy,  and  the  Scandinavian  countries  shows  an  appre 
ciable  increase,  this  was  offset  by  the  decline  in  numbers  from  th< 
Irish  Free  State,  immigrant  aliens  admitted  from  that  country  drop 
pino-  from  24,544  in  1928  to  17,672  in  1929,  or  28  per  cent  Canadiai 
and  Mexican  immigration  also  shows  a  decline,  the  number  of  immi 
grants  coming  from  Canada  dropping  from  73,154 :m  1928  to  64 =,441 
in  1929  or  12  per  cent;  and  from  Mexico,  from  59,016  to  40,154,  o 
32  per  'cent  Central  and  South  American  countries  also  sent  us  i 
smaller  number  of  immigrants  during  1929  than  during  the  previou 
year,  but  Cuba  and  the  other  West  Indies,  Asia,  Africa,  Australia 
and  New  Zealand  sent  us  a  slightly  larger  number  of  immigrants  u 

1929  than  in  1928.  ...  ,.        A     ■       +1     fio  ,Q 

The  principal  races  contributing  immigrant  aliens  during  the  hsca 
year  ended  June  30,  1929,  were  as  follows:  German,  55,631 ;  Mexican 
38,980;  Irish,  30,922;  English,  29,846;  Scotch,  21,926; ;  Scandinaviai 
(Norwegians,  Danes,  and  Swedes),  19,428;  Italian,  19  083;  French 
16  957-  and  Hebrew,  12,479— comprising  87.7  per  cent  of  the  totl 
immigrants  for  the  year.  In  the  preceding  fiscal  year  the  same  nm 
races  comprised  89.1  per  cent  of  the  total,  Mexican  then  leading  th 
list  with  57,765,  followed  by  the  German  with  54  157  while  thelns. 
contributed  38,193,  English  33,597,  Scotch  23,177  Italian  18,74f 
Scandinavian  18,664,  French  17,963    and  Hebrew  11,639. 

Over  one-sixth  of  the  immigrants  for  the  past  year  were  childrer 
47  935  being  under  16  years  of  age,  while  69,072  ranged  in  age  fror 
16  to  21>2s?  85,222  from  22  to  29  years,  36,907  from  30  to  37  years 
16,789  from  38  to  44  years,  and  23,753  from  45  to  60  years .and I  ovei 
The  male  immigrants  numbered  142,132,  the  female  137 ',546.  ,  C 
every  100  male  immigrants,  approximately  72  were  single,  26  marnec 
and  2  widowed  or  divorced;  17  were  under  16  years  of  age,  ,6  wei 
from  16  to  44  years  of  age,  and  7  were  45  years  of  age  or  over.  Aboi 
58  of  every  100  female  immigrants  were  single,  37  were  married  an 
5  widowed  or  divorced;  17  were  under  16  years  of  age,  73  from  lb  t 
44  years,  and  10  were  over  44  years. 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION  7 

Over  one-half  of  the  newcomers  for  the  past  year  settled  in  the  North 
Atlantic  States,  with  nearly  one-third,  or  87,362,  giving  the  Empire 
State  as  their  intended  future  permanent  residence;  while  19,138 
were  destined  to  Massachusetts,  16,213  to  New  Jersey,  and  15,658 
to  Pennsylvania.  Of  the  North  Central  States,  Michigan  received 
25,248,  Illinois  18,530,  and  Ohio  8,087.  The  major  portion  of  the 
26,586  newcomers  destined  to  the  south  central  division  settled  in 
Texas,  24,930  immigrants  going  to  that  State,  mostly  Mexicans 
who  entered  over  the  southern  land  border.  The  Western  States  were 
the  settling  ground  for  30,283  immigrants,  California  receiving  17,330, 
principally  Mexicans  from  Mexico;  while  only  4,377  immigrants  went 
to  the  States  along  the  South  Atlantic  coast  and  533  to  Alaska  and  the 
insular  possessions. 

A  total  of  16,651  aliens  " ineligible  to  citizenship"  were  admitted 
during  the  fiscal  year  1929,  mainly  as  returning  residents,  visitors,  or 
transits.  Of  this  number  8,018  were  Chinese,  218  East  Indians, 
8,278  Japanese,  106  Koreans,  and  31  Pacific  Islanders.  Compared 
with  the  figures  for  the  previous  year,  these  five  races  show  a  combined 
total  increase  of  668,  or  4.2  per  cent.. 

IMMIGRATION    FROM    CANADA 

The  total  recorded  number  of  aliens  of  all  classes  admitted  at 
points  along  the  Canadian  land  border,  including  those  coming 
originally  for  permanent  or  temporary  residence  and  those  returning 
after  an  absence  of  more  than  six  months,  was  74,386.  Of  this  num- 
ber, 48,939,  or  65.8  per  cent,  were  natives  of  nonquota  countries, 
principally  Canada;  13,891,  or  18.7  per  cent,  entered  as  quota  immi- 
grants being  mainly  of  European  birth;  and  9,465,  or  12.7  per  cent, 
as  visitors  for  business  or  pleasure,  transits,  and  returning  residents! 
The  remaining  2,091,  or  2.8  per  cent,  were  of  miscellaneous  classes, 
embracing  43  Government  officials,  their  families,  attendants,  ser- 
vants, and  employees;  21  aliens  to  carry  on  trade  under  existing 
treaties;  882  wives,  331  husbands,  and  122  unmarried  children  of 
American  citizens;  240  wives  and  12  unmarried  children  of  natives 
of  nonquota  countries;  103  ministers  of  religious  denominations  and 
28  wives  and  23  unmarried  children  of  ministers;  20  professors  and  6 
wives  and  3  unmarried  children  of  professors;  155  students;  85  women 
who  had  been  American  citizens;  and  17  American  Indians  born  in 
Canada. 

Over  two-thirds  of  the  aliens  admitted  via  the  northern  land 
border  were  born  in  Canada,  51,571  giving  that  country  as  their  place 
of  birth;  21,089  were  of  European  birth,  principally  Great  Britain; 
647  were  born  in  Newfoundland  and  287  in  other  sections  of  the 
Western  Hemisphere;  415  gave  Asia  as  their  place  of  birth;  while 
120  were  natives  of  Africa  and  257  of  Australia,  New  Zealand,  and 
the  Pacific  islands.  The  bulk  of  these  aliens  from  Canada  came 
from  the  Provinces  of  Quebec  and'  Ontario,  33,084  entering  through 
the  Montreal  immigration  district,  7,944  through  the  Buffalo  district, 
and  17,657  through  the  Detroit  district.  In  the  western  section, 
6,653  aliens  were  admitted  at  points  in  the  Grand  Forks  (N.  Dak.) 
district;  2,482  came  via  the  Spokane  district,  and  6,566  via  the 
Seattle  district. 


8         REPOItT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Of  the  74,386  aliens  coming  over  the  Canadian  border  during  the 
year,  64,846  were  classified  as  immigrants  and  9,540  as  nonimmi- 
grants. The  vast  majority  of  the  former  were  admitted  under  the 
immigration  act  of  1924  as  natives  of  Canada  nonquota,  or  as  quota 
immigrants,  natives  of  other  countries.  Of-  the  nonimmigrants,  over 
(.)1  per  cent  came  in  as  temporary  visitors  or  as  transits.  The  volume 
of  newcomers  or  immigrants  from  Canada  last  year  was  not  only  the 
smallest  since  1922  but  it  was  less  than  one-third  of  the  number  for 
1924,  the  peak  year  of  immigration  from  that  country,  when  200,834 
immigrants  came  to  the  United  States  over  the  northern  land  border. 

Immigration  statistics  show  that  nearly  two-thirds  of  the  64,846 
immigrants  entering  via  the  Canadian  border  last  year  were  adults, 
40,550,  or  62.5  per  cent,  being  over  21  years  of  age,  and  21,345,  or 
53  per  cent,  of  these  adults  were  males.  Of  these  immigrants,  33,846 
were  males  and  31,000  females;  9,693  were  under  16  years  of  age, 
and  14,603  from  16  to  21  years;  19,466  ranged  in  age  from  22  to  29 
years,  9,041  from  30  to  37  years,  4,333  from  38  to  44  years,  and 
7,710  from  45  to  60  years  and  over.  The  single  males  numbered 
22,427  and  the  single  females  17,511,  the  married  males  10,699  and 
the  married  females  11,628,  the  widowers  630  and  the  widows  1,729, 
the  male  divorced  90  and  the  female  divorced  132.  Among  the 
wage-earning  immigrants,  15,022  were  recorded  as  skilled  and  3,584 
as  in  the  professional  class.  There  were  4,362  servants,  3,148  farmers, 
2,690  farm  laborers,  and  5,713  common  laborers;  3,257  were  of  the 
miscellaneous  classes  and  27,070,  mainly  women  and  children,  were 
listed  as  having  no  occupation. 

IMMIGRATION    FROM    MEXICO 

The  total  Mexican  immigration  to  the  United  States  during  the 
fiscal  year  ended  June  30,  1929,  was  42,385,  comprising  38,980  immi- 
grant aliens,  or  newcomers  for  permanent  residence  in  this  country, 
and  3,405  nonimmigrants,  aliens  of  the  temporary  class,  either 
coming  for  a  visit  of  less  than  a  year  or  returning  after  a  short  ab- 
sence from  the  United  States.  During  the  same  period  10,500  Mexi- 
can aliens  were  recorded  as  leaving  the  United  States,  practically  all 
going  to  Mexico,  7,172  being  of  the  emigrant  class  and  3,328  of  the 
none-migrant  class.  The  net  addition  of  this  race  to  the  alien  popula- 
tion of  the  United  States  for  the  year  just  ended  was  31,885,  as 
compared  with  48,551  for  the  previous  year. 

Mexicans  comprise  practically  all  the  43,078  aliens  entering  the 
country  during  the  past  fiscal  year  over  the  southern  land  border. 
Of  this  number,  38,750  were  admitted  under  the  immigration  act  of 
1924  as  natives  of  nonquota  countries,  mainly  Mexico;  1,532  as 
transits;  1,286  as  temporary  visitors  for  business  or  pleasure;  603  as 
returning  residents;  and  423  quota  immigrants.  The  miscellaneous 
classes  included  284  Government  officials;  149  husbands,  wives,  and 
unmarried  children  of  American  citizens;  18  wives  and  unmarried 
children  of  natives  of  nonquota  countries,  such  wives  and  children 
having  been  born  in  quota  countries;  17  ministers  and  professors  and 
their  wives  and  unmarried  children;  14  students;  1  woman  who  had 
been  an  American  citizen;  and  1  alien  to  cany  on  trade  under  an 
existing  treaty.    Over  94  per  cent  of  the  alien  entrants  via  the  south-  I 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION         9 

ern  land  border  were  born  in  Mexico;  40,544  gave  Mexico  as  their 
county  of  birth,  1,329  claimed  European  nativity,  principally  in 
Germany,  Russia,  England,  and  Spain;  595  claimed  birth  in  China 
and  208  in  other  Asia;  and  402  in  the  other  countries. 

Of  the  38,980  immigrant  aliens  of  the  Mexican  race  admitted  during 
:he  past  fiscal  year,  24,798  were  male  and  14,182  female;  22,391  were 
angle,  14,91 1  were  married,  1,639  were  widowed,  and  39  were  divorced. 
The  unskilled  workers  continued  to  predominate  among  the  wage 
earners,  11,581  giving  their  occupation  as  that  of  common  laborer 
ind  3,167  as  farm  laborer.  There  were  4,252  Mexican  immigrants 
•ecorded  as  skilled  laborers,  1,266  as  servants,  732  as  professional, 
,295  in  miscellaneous  occupations,  and  16,687  as  having  no  occu- 
>ation. 

REJECTIONS 

During  the  year  18,127  aliens  were  barred  from  entering  the 
jmted  States,  2,033  at  seaports  and  16,094  at  the  land  border  ports 
it  New  York,  the  port  of  landing  for  over  four-fifths  of  the  aliens 
rnvmg  from  overseas,  300,467  aliens  sought  admission  during  the 
ear,  of  whom  939  were  debarred,  or  about  3  out  of  every  1,000  At 
he  other  seaports  out  of  63,429  applicants  for  admission  1,094  were 
3jected,  or  about  17  per  1,000,  the  bulk  of  whom  were  stowaways 
nd  seamen  seeking  lodgment  in  the  United  States  without  first 
avmg  obtained  immigration  visas. 

Alien  stowaways  discovered  on  board  of  vessels  arriving  at  United 
tates  ports  numbered  1,073,  and  alien  seamen  to  the  number  of 
1,314  deserted  their  ships  in  ports  of  this  countrv.  These  figures' 
lark  a  decrease  in  the  numbers  of  both  classes  as  compared  with  the 
revious  year,  when  1,383  stowaways  and  12,357  deserting  seamen 
-ere  reported.  The  subjoined  tables  afford  more  detailed  informa- 
on  in  connection  with  the  foregoing. 

Applicants  for  admission 

liens  whose  cases  were  pending  at  beginning  of  fiscal  year  1929.  _  1   495 

ew  applicants  during  the  year _'__  '_"  497'  255 

ases  finally  disposed  of  (aliens  coming  for  permanent  ortemporan"  "resi- 
dence or  to  resume  unrelinquished  domicile) : 

Admitted  on  primary  inspection 445  49s 

Admitted  after  temporary  detention  (without  board  of  special  in- 
quiry hearing) j,    077 

Admitted  by  board  of  special  inquiry --------  ^,  ^^ 

Rejected  by  board  of  special  inquiry  without  appeal  to  department "      15'  272 
Rejected  by  board  of  special  inquiry  but  appealed  to  department- 
Appeal  sustained  (aliens  admitted) _    _  1   673 

Appeal  denied  (aliens  debarred) ._  ~~  2  855 

led  (after  arrival  and  before  final  action  taken)       __  '14 

scaped:  " 

From  custody  of  immigration  officers--.    _      5 

From  custody  of  others ~~~ZZ"  5 

liens  whose  cases  were  pending  at  close  of  fiscal" vear  1929:" " 

Before  board  of  special  inquiry .        _    _  979 

On  appeal  to  department _  370 

On  appeal  to  court __"""   ","  3^ 

In  hospital  for  treatment "_I"_~__~    ""  22 

Awaiting  primary  inspection  and  othera~"ZIZZZIIZ~ZHZIIIZZZri  166 

75209—29 2 


10   REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


SUMMARY 

Cases  pending  beginning  of  fiscal  year  1929 1,  495 

New  applicants  during  the  year ^'>  ~°° 

Total  applicants 498,750 

Aliens  admitted  during  the  year: 

On  primary  inspection ™<>  '°g 

By  board  of  special  inquiry !»,  »o» 

(  >n  appeal  to  department x»  b/lj 

Total  admitted 479>  327 

Aliens  rejected  during  the  year: 

By  board  of  special    inquiry    without   appeal   to  ^_^ 

department 1g>  -'- 

On  appeal  to  department ~>  &aa 

Total  rejected 18>  l2' 

Aliens  who  died  or  escaped J* 

Cases  pending  at  close  of  fiscal  year  1929 i,  ^^ 

Total  applicants 498'  75° 

Alien  stowaways  found  on  hoard  vessels  arriving  from  foreign  ports  1 


Stowaways  whose  cases  were  pending  beginning  of  fiscal  year 


1929 


New  cases  during  the  year: 

Found  by  immigration  officers- 
Found  by  customs  officers 

Reported  by  vessels.. — 


Chinese    Japanese     Others 


Total- 


Admitted: 

By  board  of  special  inquiry 

On  appeal  to  department - 

Debarred: 

By  board  of  special  inquiry  without  appeal - 
On  appeal  to  department 

Escaped  (after  found  or  reported) : 

From  custody  of  immigration  officers 

From  custody  of  others. 

Cases  pending  at  close  of  fiscal  year  1929: 

Before  board  of  special  inquiry 

On  appeal  to  department 


43 

70 

894 


30  !        1,012 


Total 


54 
82 
937 


1,090 


974 
99 


i  United  States  citizen  stowaways,  232. 


SEAMEN 


With  the  growth  of  our  restrictive  immigration  policies  the  problem 
of  properlv  controlling  alien  seamen  coming  to  our  shores  has  assumed 
steadily  increasing  proportions.  The  difficulties  inherent  in  the  sit- 
uation'and  possible  remedies  have  been  in  previous  reports  discussed 
at  length.  To  give  to  alien  seamen  every  facility  necessary  freely  to 
come  and  go  in  the  pursuit  of  their  calling,  so  as  not  unnecessarily  to 
interfere  with  freedom  of  commerce  and  at  the  same  time  to  compel 
obedience  to  the  laws  governing  admission  for  residence,  has  been  a 
task  engaging  the  most  thoughtful  consideration  of  the  lawmakers, 
the  courts,  and  the  law's  administrators  alike.  While  these  prob- 
lems are  far  from  being  solved,  substantial  progress  in  their  solution 
has  been  possible  during  the  year  through  the  decision  of  the  United 
States  Supreme  Court  in  the  case  of  Claussen  v.  Day  (49  S.  Ct.  354), 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      11 

and  the  passage  of  the  act  of  March  4,  1929,  making  it  a  felony  for 
certain  aliens  to  enter  the  United  States  under  certain  conditions. 

For  many  years  the  courts  have  differed  in  opinion  upon  the 
question  "whether  an  alien  seaman  residing  in  the  United  States 
who  departed  therefrom  as  a  member  of  a  crew  of  an  American 
vessel  on  a  round-trip  foreign  'entered'  the  United  States  within 
the  meaning  of  the  immigration  laws  when  he  returned  from 
tfee  voyage."  Some  held  to  the  view  that  an  alien  seaman  did 
not  so  "enter"  the  United  States  as  to  render  himself  subject 
to  the  jurisdiction  of  the  immigration  laws  on  returning  from  a 
foreign  voyage  upon  an  American  vessel.  The  question  was  settled 
by  the  Supreme  Court  in  its  decision  handed  down  on  May  13, 
1929,  in  the  case  hereinabove  referred  to.  Claussen,  a  subject  of 
Denmark,  first  came  to  this  country  as  a  member  of  the  crew  of 
an  English  ship,  landing  at  Norfolk  on  January  22,  1912.  He 
shipped  out  the  next  day  on  an  American  schooner,  and  thereafter 
was  employed  as  a  seaman  on  vessels  of  American  registry,  sailing 
to  foreign  ports  and  returning.  In  October,  1917,  he  shipped  on 
an  American  vessel  from  New  York  for  a  voyage  to  South  America 
and  return,  landing  on  his  return  trip  at  Boston  on  March  26,  1918. 
In  1919  he  filed  a  declaration  of  intention  to  become  a  citizen'of  the 
United  States.  In  1921  he  pleaded  guilty  to  a  charge  of  manslaugh- 
ter in  the  State  of  Maine  and  was  sentenced  to  imprisonment  for 
more  than  one  year.  Subsequently  a  warrant  for  his  arrest  was 
issued  by  the  Secretary  of  Labor,  and  after  the  usual  hearing  he 
was  ordered  deported  to  Denmark  on  the  ground  that  he  had  been 
convicted  of  a  crime  involving  moral  turpitude  and  sentenced  to 
imprisonment  for  more  than  one  year  within  five  years  following 
his  "entry"  into  the  United  States.  The  order  of  deportation  was 
sustained  m  the  United  States  District  Court  and  by  the  Circuit 
Court  of  Appeals  for  the  First  Circuit.  Before  the  latter  court  and 
the  Supreme  Court  the  Government  contended  that  the  alien's 
return  to  this  country  on  March  26,  1918,  was  an  "entry"  within 
the  meaning  of  the  immigration  laws  and  that  his  deportation  was 
proper.  It  was  contended  in  the  alien's  behalf  that,  in  view  of  the 
fact  that  he  had  sailed  on  an  American  vessel,  he  had  not,  under 
the  aoctrme  that  an  American  vessel  is  American  territory,  departed 
from  the  L  nited  States,  and  consequently  his  return  in  March,  1918 
was  not  an  "entry,"  so  that  the  5-year  period  during  which  he  could 
be  deportea  could  not  be  computed  from  the  date  of  his  last  return 
as  asserted  by  the  Government,  This  contention  had  been  fre- 
quently employed  with  success  in  previous  cases  to  defeat  depor- 
tation. The  Supreme  Court  held  that  there  is  no  such  "entry" 
where  an  alien  goes  to  sea  aboard  an  American  vessel  from  a  port 
of  the  United  States  and  returns  to  the  same  or  another  port  of  this 
country  without  having  been  at  a  foreign  port  or  place.  The  court 
held,  however,  that  when  Claussen  departed  on  his  foreign  voyage 
to,  and  touched  at,  South  American  and  Cuban  ports  he  made  an 
entry  into  the  United  States  within  the  meaning  of  the  immigra- 
tion laws  when  he  landed  at  Boston  on  the  return  trip  in  1918,  thus 
affirming  the  decisions  of  the  lower  courts.  This  decision  is  one  of 
the  most  important  and  far-reaching  rendered  in  recent  years  and 
sets  at  rest  all  controversy  in  this  class  of  cases. 


12      REPORT  OF  THE    COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Section  1  of  the  act  of  March  4,  1929,  as  amended,  makes  it  a  felony 
for  an  alien  to  enter  or  attempt  to  enter  the  United  States  after  he  has 
been  arrested  and  deported  in  pursuance  of  law,  and  his  exclusion  from 
admission  to  the  United  States  is  mandatory  unless  he  was  arrested 
and  deported  prior  to  March  4,  1929,  and  was  prior  to  his  reem- 
barkation  at  a  place  outside  the  United  States  or  his  application  in 
foreign  contiguous  territory  for  admission  to  the  United  States  and 
prior  to  March  4,  1929,  given  permission  by  the  Secretary  of  Labor 
to  reapply  for  admission.  That  section  has  an  important  bearing 
on  the  seaman  situation,  for  the  reason  that  in  the  past  large  numbers 
of  seamen  entered  and  remained  in  violation  of  law,  and  were  arrested 
and  deported  only  to  return  again  and  repeat  the  offense  of  attempt- 
ing to  remain  permanently.  Section  1  (c)  of  the  act  makes  an  alien 
seaman,  arrested  and  deported  in  common  with  other  aliens  arrested 
and  deported,  subject  to  exclusion  from  admission  to  the  United 
States  and  provides  further  that  he  shall  not  be  entitled  to  any  of 
the  landing  privileges  allowed  by  law  to  other  seamen.  It  is  the 
custom  of  this  country  in  common  with  other  maritime  nations  to 
extend  exceptional  privileges  to  the  visiting  seamen  of  other  nations. 
The  so-called  La  Follette  Seamen's  Act  of  March  4,  1915  (38  Stat. 
1164),  particularly  provides  that  any  seaman,  within  certain  reason- 
able limitations,  may  terminate  his  employment  on  board  any  mer- 
chant vessel  when  it  touches  at  a  port  of  the  United  States  and  go 
ashore.  The  act  of  March  4,  1929,  is  intended  to  prevent,  or  at  least 
to  minimize,  abuses  growing  out  of  the  steadily  increasing  practice 
of  seamen  taking  advantage  of  the  privilege  by  remaining  here  per- 
manently without  complying  with  the  immigration  laws.  It  will  be 
interesting  to  observe  its  effect. 

In  the  foregoing  connection  a  study  of  the  subjoined  tables  will, 
it  is  believed,  prove  both  interesting  and  profitable  to  those  inter- 
ested in  the  seamen  phase  of  immigration  administration. 

Alien  seamen  applying  for  admission 

Admitted : 

On  primary  inspection 541 

By  board  of  special  inquiry 21 

On  appeal  to  department 1 

Debarred : 

By  board  of  special  inquiry  without  appeal 7 

On  appeal  to  department 2 

Cases  pending  at  close  of  fiscal  year  1929: 

Before  board  of  special  inquiry 1 

On  appeal  to  department 1 

Total  applicants 574 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      13 

Alien  seamen  deserted,  ordered  held  on  board  vessel,  escaped,  removed  from  vessel, 
certified  for  contagious  disease,  and  removed  to  hospital  for  treatment,  as 
specified 


Deserted 

Ordered  held 
on  board  vessel 

Re- 
moved 

Escap- 

to im- 
migra- 

Certi- 

Diseas- 

ed and 

ed  after 

tion 

fied  for 

other 

being  i  station 

loath- 

seamen 

District 

Under 

ordered  |or  else- 

some  or 

removed 

sec.  20, 

Not  on 

de- 

where 

danger- 

to 

Chi- 

Japa- 

Others 

Total 

immi- 

visaed 

tained 

for  safe- 

ous con- 

hospital 

nese 

nese 

gration 

crew 

on 

keeping  tagious 

for 

act  of 

list 

vessel 

pend- 

disease 

treat- 

1924 

ing  de- 
parture 
of  vessel 

ment 

All  districts 

429 

37 

10, 848 

11,314 

6,401 

2,677 

78 

545 

1,372 

1,786 

New  York,  N.  Y 

288 

11 

7,250 

7,549 

485 

327 

20 

43 

523 

691 

16 
32 

1 

361 
906 

377 
939 

408 

85 

281 

87 

7 
9 

26 

18 

97 
128 

57 

Philadelphia,  Pa 

236 

Baltimore,  Md 

4 

1 

458 
112 
513 
185 

462 
113 
513 
189 

42 

2 

118 

232 

102 

68 

357 

50 

5 

5 
2 

38 
4 

108 

119 

7 
45 
71 

119 

Portland,  Me.       

8 

30 

Jacksonville,  Fla_. 

4 

42 

New  Orleans,  La 

6 

250 

256 

458 

330 

10 

114 

177 

353 

Galveston,  Tex 

6 
41 

2 

4 

340 
199 

348 
244 

471 
206 

96 
302 

2 

110 
11 

59 
10 

22 

San  Francisco,  Calif 

10 

Portland,  Oreg 

6 
11 

61 

63 
66 

67 
90 
81 

50 
162 

3,521 

23 
95 
512 

2 
2 

14 

10 
60 

25 
5 

58 

62 

Seattle,  Wash 

16 

15 

28 

Los  Angeles,  Calif 

90 

3 

50 
31 

3 

52 
31 

62 
52 
47 

32 

15 

1 
27 
20 

13 

1 

1 

3 

19 

6 

Vessels  boarded  and  alien  seamen  examined,  including  United  States  citizens  serving 

as  seamen 


District 


Vessels  boarded 


From 
foreign 
ports 


Coast- 
wise 


Total 


Alien 

seamen 

examined 


United 

States 

citizens 

serving  as 

seamen  on 

vessels 

boarded 


All  districts. _. 

New  York,  N.  Y.._ 

Boston,  Mass 

Philadelphia,  Pa... 

Baltimore,  Md 

Portland,  Me 

Norfolk,  Va 

Jacksonville,  Fla 

New  Orleans,  La 

■Galveston,  Tex 

San  Francisco,  Calif 

Portland,  Oreg 

Seattle,  Wash 

Los  Angeles,  Calif.. 

Alaska 

Honolulu,  Hawaii.. 

Porto  Rico. 

Great  Lakes 


31,210 


10,  264 


41,474 


1, 155,  825 


5,640 

1,638 

1,249 

754 

381 

638 

3,511 

2,595 

1,224 

555 

287 

3,010 

3,040 

1,185 

394 

1,243 

3,866 


413 

18 

401 

9 

257 

5,500 

742 

952 

577 


85 
413 


414 

483 


5,640 
2,051 
1,267 
1,155 

390 

895 
9,011 
3,337 
2,176 
1,132 

287 
3,095 
3,453 
1,185 

394 
1,657 
4,349 


549,  266 
68, 162 
31,800 
17,  706 

5,901 
18, 065 
64,809 
68, 349 
57, 419 
17, 490 
10,718 
94,813 
58, 650 

8,392 
21,973 
27,  792 
34,  520 


320, 831 


87, 938 

12, 701 

9,464 

7,256 

672 

1,549 

40, 899 

27, 428 

26, 966 

6,100 

941 

19, 920 

26,002 

3,905 

6,297 

18,223 

24,  570 


14      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 
LAND    BORDER    TRANSACTIONS 

The  subjoined  tables  speak  eloquently  of  the  tremendous  volume  of 
humanity  annually  ebbing  and  flowing  across  our  land  boundaries. 
To  facilitate  the  work  of  inspection,  habitual  crossers  are  encouraged 
to  avail  themselves  of  identification  cards,  which  are  issued  by  United 
States  immigration  officers  in  charge  at  ports  of  entry  following  initial 
inspection  and  admission.  While  travelers  have  not  availed  them- 
selves of  this  convenience  as  fully  as  is  desirable,  nevertheless,  as 
the  advantages  arising  from  the  possession  of  such  cards  become  more 
widely  recognized,  it  is  hoped  that  their  employment  will  become  more 
general. 

Miscellaneous  transactions  at  land  border  stations 

Number  of  aliens  handled  coming  temporarily: 

Cases  pending  at  beginning  of  fiscal  year  1929 267 

Admitted  on  primary  inspection  (estimated) 375,  774 

Admitted  by  board  of  special  inquiry 8,  744 

Rejected   by   board   of   special   inquiry    (aliens   debarred   without 

appeal  to  department) 5,  210 

Rejected  by  board  of  special  inquiry  but  appealed  to  department — 

Appeals  sustained  (aliens  admitted) 92 

Appeals  denied  (aliens  debarred) 429 

Cases  pending  close  of  year — 

Before  board  of  special  inquiry 165 

On  appeal  to  department 85 

Applicants  refused  examination  on  account  of  inability  or  unwillingness 

to  meet  head-tax  requirements 24,  573 

Applicants  referred  to  board  of  special  inquiry  from  border  stations  and 

who  failed  to  proceed  with  their  applications 3,  S41 

Applicants  inspected  at  railway  stations  and  wharves  at  interior  points  in 
foreign  contiguous  territory  who  failed  to  appear  before  boards  of 

special  inquiry  for  further  examination  as  directed 3,  443 

Aliens  debarred  or  deported  who  reapplied  for  admission  within  1  year 
without  first  securing  permission  so  to  do  and  were  refused  exam- 
ination          1,  601 

Aliens  referred  to  United  States  consul  for  visa 40,  041 

Aliens  to  whom  visitors'  head-tax  certificates  were  issued: 

Cases  pending  beginning  of  fiscal  year  1929 11,  925 

New  cases  during  the  year 38,  290 

Failed  to  depart  within  time  limit,  head  tax  retained 6,  467 

Returned  to  foreign  contiguous  territory,  head  tax  refunded 32,  498 

Cases  pending  at  end  of  fiscal  year  1929 11,  250 

Transits  admitted,  payment  of  head  tax  not  required .--   899,  228 

United  States  citizens  returning  to  the  United  States  to  resume  residence 
therein : 

Former  residents  of  Canada 6,  907 

Former  residents  of  Mexico 1,  290 

Number  of  persons  entering  the  United  States  (each  entry  of  the  same  person 
considered  a  separate  transaction) : 


Aliens 

United  States 
citizens 

Total 

Via  the  Canadian  border 

15,  221,  215 
16, 341,  719 

15,  633, 459 
10,  709,  292 

30,  S54,  674 

Via  ttie  Mexican  border 

27,051,011 

Total 

31,  562, 934 

26,  342,  751 

i  57, 905,  685 

1  Estimated. 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION        15 

Persons,  in  possession  of  immigrant  identification  cards  or  border  crossing  cards, 
habitually  crossing  the  Canadian  and  Mexican  land  borders 


Aliens 

United  States 
citizens 

All  crossers 

Country  of  residence 

Inter- 
mi  t- 
tent 

Ac- 
tive 

Total 

In'  er- 
mit- 
tent 

Ac- 
tive 

Total 

In  er- 
mit- 
tent 

Ac- 
tive 

Total 

Residents  of  the  United  States: 

Crossing  Canadian  border.  

5,662 
38, 956 

838 
26.212 

6,  500 
65, 168 

3.043 
32.317 

1,371 
6,841 

4. 414      8.705 
:v.K  158   71,273 

2,209   10.914 
33,053il04,326 

ill 

Total 

44,618    27,050 
19,  4:;:.:     9,529 
84, 891 1  71,885 

71, 668 
28, 964 
156,  776 

35, 360 

2,856 

672 

8.212 
650 

756 

43,572!  79.9781  35,262  115,240 

3,  50  i    22,291,  10,179   32,470 

1,42S:  85,563:  72.641  158,204 

148,  944il08.464 

257,  40* 

38, 888 

9,618 

48,  506  187. 832  118.  082  305, 914 

N.itk.—  Intermittent  crossers  are  those  who  cross  the  borde'-  not  more  than  3  times  a  week  on  an  average; 
he  active  crossers  are  Ihose  who  cross  the  border  daily,  or  at  least  4  times  a  week  on  an  average. 


ADMINISTRATIVE    FINES 

Administrative  fines  against  steamship  companies  for  violations  of 
the  immigration  laws  are  steadily  decreasing.  This  betokens  a  grow- 
ing respect  upon  the  part  of  the  carriers  for  such  laws  and  a  more 
wholesome  condition  than  obtained  in  former  years. 

The  subjoined  table,  showing  in  detail  the  fines  imposed  (Jand  causes 
thereof),  totaling  $186,100,  is  in  striking  contrast  to  the  total  of 
S3 14,960  in  fines  imposed  during  the  previous  year. 

Administrative  fines 

[Imposed  upon  vessels  for  violations  of  various  phases  of  lawl 

Summary  of  fines  imposed,  act  of  1924: 

$250  fines  (physically  and  mentally  defective  cases) $1,  250 

$1,000  fines  (sec.  16  cases) I 75,  000 

$1,000  fines  (sec.  20  cases) 62,  000 

$1,000  fines  (sec.  26  cases,  illiterates) 8,  000 

$1,000  fines  (sec.  26  cases,  diseased,  insane,  etc.) 30,  000 

Passage  money  order  refunded  to  aliens  in  above  cases,  $6,263.53. 
Passage  money  order  refunded  to    steamship  companies  in  above 

cases,  $33,838. 
Summary  of  fines  imposed,  act  of  1917: 

$10  cases  (improper  manifesting,  etc.) 5,  650 

$200  cases  (sec.  9  cases,  diseased) 200 

$300  cases  (sec.  18) 3,  000 

$50  cases  (sec.  35,  diseased-seamen  cases) 1,  000 

Passage  money  ordered  refunded  to  aliens  in  above  cases,  none. 
Passage  money  ordered  refunded   to  steamship  companies  in  above 

cases,  $175.49,  and  475  lire  58  centimes. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  31  actions,  aggregating  $15,700,  were 
directed  under  section  27,  act  of  1924,  which  have  or  will  come  before 
the  courts,  8  of  these  actions  being  by  wa}7  of  libel  against  the  steam- 
ships involved  and  the  rest,  23  cases,  being  in  personam  against  the 
owners,  masters,  agents,  or  consignees. 


16      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER   GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Forfeiture  of  bonds 


Involving  aliens  admitted  and  bail  bonds 


Payment  of  bond 


■Volun- 
tary 


Enforced 


Involving  aliens  admitted: 

Against  becoming  a  public  charge 

Departure  after  temporary  admission 

Maintenance  of  status 

Payment  of  hospital  expenses 

Involving  bail  bonds: 

Under  warrant  of  arrest 

Under  warrant  of  deportation 


While  under  war- 
rant of — 


Failure  to  appear  and  escapes 


Failure  to  appear  when  wanted,  after  being  released  on  own  recognizance 
Escapes  from— 

Immigration  officers -- — 

Others 


Writs  of  habeas  corpus 


Cases 

Involving  exclusion 

Involving  deportation 

436 
1,043 

164 
45 

94 
326 

87 
29 
83 

Pending  close  of  year,  before— 

igration 

Sus- 
tained 

Dis- 
missed 

With- 
drawn 

Sus- 
tained 

Dis- 
missed 

With- 
drawn 

Cases  disposed  of  during  the  year  on  imm 
charges: 
Criminal . _  ._ 

1 

1 

1,097 

1 

97 
2 

8 

3 
4 
4 

6 

10 
12 

3 

26 
17 
52 
12 

Immoral 

Act  of  1924  (including  General  Order  No. 
Publican  (public  charge) 

86) 

2 

6 

1 

12 

1 

Mental  or  physical  defect.   .         .  

2 

34 

1 

Chinese  exclusion  law .     ...     _.  __     _. 

1 
32 

2 

25 

Allothers .  _     

2 

Criminal  and  civil  actions 
[Violations  of  immigration  laws] 


Violation  of — 

Cases 

pending 

June  30, 

1928 

Cases 
insti- 
tuted 

Convic- 
tions 

Acquit-  Dismis- 
tals    1    sals 

Aggregate  amount  of 
fines  and  length  of 
imprisonment 

Cases 

pending 

June  30, 

1929 

Total 

317 

2,  096 

1,483 

47           177 

$67,765;  382^  years.... 

706 

Act  of  Feb.  5,  1917: 

Sec.  4 

20 

8 

115 

14 
1 
3 

40 

133 

10 

350 

14 

4 

64 
31 

113 

1,286 

90 

1 

104 
7 

247 
1 
12 
1 
7 
2 

52 

21 

42 

915 

71 

1 

6             17 

5  1            3 
20  !          89 

$1,360;  68  years 

$1,350;  6  months 

$46,292;  172  years 

$300 

26 

Sec.  5. 

3 

Sec.  8 

109 

Sec.  10 „ 

13 

Sec.  16 



1 

$1,450;  11  years 

$2,500 

2 

See.  31 

2 

Sec.  32... 

$5,200  .. 

33 

Act  of  June  15,  1927:  Sec.  3.... 

2 

Act  of  May  26,  1924: 

Sec.  22. 

21 
35 

2 
2 

12 

13 
3 

6 
15 
30 

$1,700;  16  years 

$6,307;  4  years    . 

18 

Sec.  27 

40 

Act  of  Mar.  4,  1929: 

Sec.  1 

65 

Sec.  2 

$160;  65  years 

356 

18  U.  S.  C,  88,  91,  99. 

60 

$1,146;  38  years 

37 

F.  P.  C,  79... 

REPORT  OF  THE   COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      17 


Criminal  and  civil  actions — Continued 
[Violations  of  immigration  laws] 


Number  of  persons  assisting  aliens  to  enter  the  United  States  illegally  ' 

Violation  of— 

Cases 

pending 

June  30, 

1928 

Ar- 
rested 

Con- 
victed 

Ac- 
quitted 

Dis- 
missed 

Aggregate  amount  of 
fines  and  length  of 
imprisonment 

Cases 

pending 

June  30, 

1929 

Total 

197 

444 

33 

2 

323 

3 

3 

322 

28 

136 

$48,102;  219)4  years.... 

$155 

Act  of  Feb.  5,  1917: 

Sec.  4 

20 

28 

1 

234 

2 

2 

3 
20 

13 
1 

84 
1 

8 
3 

$160;  14  years 

9 

Sec.  5 

$100;  3  months 

Sec.  8 

115 

$46,192;  171  years 

$400;  2  months 

100 

Sec.  16... 

Act  of  May  26,  1924: 
Sec.  22 

12 
3 

$500;  3  years 

5 

Sec.  27    . 

Act  of  Mar.  4,  1929 

10 
70 

5 
50 

5 

18  U.  S.  C,  88,  91,  99 

47 

5 

26 

$750;  29  years 

36 

i  Number  of  smuggled  aliens  involved,  914. 

CHINESE 

Approximately  the  same  number  of  Chinese  applied  for  admission 
in  the  fiscal  year  1929  as  in  the  preceding  fiscal  year;  8,018  Chinese 
aliens  were  admitted  as  compared  with  7,996  in  the  fiscal  year  1928. 
These  figures  include  those  passing  in  transit  through  the  United  States 
and  those  admitted  as  temporary  visitors;  4,507  were  admitted  in 
transit  and  519  as  temporary  visitors  as  compared  with  4,653  admitted 
in  transit  and  398  admitted  as  temporary  visitors  in  the  last  fiscal  year; 
1,795  domiciled  residents  of  the  United  States  were  admitted  upon 
return  from  visits  abroad  as  compared  with  1,919  of  this  class  admitted 
in  the  preceding  year;  699  Chinese  were  admitted  to  carry  on  trade  in 
accordance  with  the  treat}7  with  China  governing  commerce  and 
navigation,  whereas  572  of  this  class  were  admitted  in  the  fiscal  year 
1928.  Exclusive  of  transits,  temporary  visitors,  and  returning  resi- 
dents, which  should  not  be  included  in  the  number  of  Chinese  added 
to  the  population  of  this  country,  498  Chinese  were  admitted.  Of 
these  only  those  who  were  ministers  of  a  recognized  religious  denomi- 
nation or  professors  of  colleges  or  seminaries,  together  with  theii 
wives  and  minor  children,  were  admitted  for  permanent  lesidence. 
Only  14  of  this  class  were  admitted,  so  that  practically  no  Chinese 
aliens  were  permitted  unconditionally  to  enter  for  permanent 
residence. 

Prior  to  the  passage  of  the  act  of  1924  Chinese  students  and  mer- 
chants were  permitted  to  remain  permanently  in  this  country  after 
lawful  admission.  The  act  of  1924  permits  merchants  of  the  Chinese 
race,  as  well  as  of  other  races,  to  remain  only  so  long  as  they  maintain 
their  status  as  merchants,  and  that  act  requires  students  to  leave  the 
United  States  upon  the  conclusion  of  their  studies.  Under  the  rules 
of  the  department  return  permits  are  granted  only  to  those  aliens  who 
have  been  admitted  for  permanent  and  unrestricted  residence.  Under 
this  rule  merchants  and  students  who  entered  subsequent  to  July  1, 
1924,  are  not  granted  return  permits.  The  attention  of  the  depart- 
ment has  been  called  to  the  fact  that  to  refuse  return  permits  to  such 
merchants  acts  as  an  estoppel  against  such  persons  again  reentering 


18        REPROT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

the  United  States  after  visits  abroad,  for  the  reason  that  they  are 
unable  to  secure  certificates  from  the  Chinese  Government  as  to  their 
mercantile  status  when  their  mercantile  business  is  located  outside 
China.  The  department  is  endeavoring  to  work  out  a  plan  under 
which  such  merchants  may  be  permitted  to  return  after  visits  abroad 
to  resume  the  status  occupied  by  them  prior  to  their  departure, 
although  there  is  no  intention  of  abandoning  the  present  practice 
under  which  they  are  denied  permits. 

As  stated  in  previous  reports,  the  main  problem  confronting  the 
authorities  in  the  enforcement  of  the  immigration  laws  as  applied  to 
Chinese  has  to  do  with  those  Chinese  who  claim  citizenship  either 
by  birth  in  the  United  States  or  as  the  sons  or  daughters  of  American 
citizens.  Intensive  examination,  found  necessary  in  order  to  deter- 
mine whether  the  alleged  relationship  of  applicants  to  claimed  fathers 
exists,  occasions  long  delay  at  the  ports  of  entry.  During  the  past 
year  the  department  has  made  an  earnest  effort  to  reduce  these 
delays  to  a  minimum.  In  December,  1928,  a  general  order  was 
issued  directing  the  port  officials  to  curtail  the  examinations  of  such 
applicants  by  eliminating  questions  upon  immaterial  and  collateral 
matters.  The  officers  in  charge  of  the  various  districts  were  required 
to  notify  the  bureau  when  cases  were  sent  to  other  districts  for  further 
investigation,  and  the  districts  to  which  such  cases  were  sent  were 
required  to  report  to  the  bureau  when  the  investigation  had  been 
completed  and  the  record  returned  to  the  district  from  which  it  was 
received.  The  ports  of  entry  were  called  upon  to  expedite  the  work 
to  the  greatest  possible  extent,  and  the  result  has  been  satisfactory. 
There  has  been  a  substantial  reduction  in  the  length  of  time  applicants 
are  detained  at  the  ports  of  entry,  thereby  relieving  to  a  great  extent 
the  congestion  which  previously  existed. 

The  courts  continue  to  discharge  in  habeas  corpus  proceedings 
applicants  for  admission  who,  in  their  opinion,  have  been  denied  a 
fair  hearing  because  no  substantial  evidence  appears  in  support  of 
the  order  of  rejection.  In  effect  in  these  decisions  the  courts  weigh 
the  evidence  and  thereby  assume  the  prerogative  of  the  Secretary  of 
Labor.  The  Supreme  Court  has  previously  held  that  the  courts  have 
no  right  to  intervene  even  though  they  may  be  of  the  opinion  that 
the  decision  of  the  department  is  wrong.  No  test  case  has  as  yet 
been  presented  to  the  Supreme  Court,  but  this  will  no  doubt  be 
necessary  in  order  finally  and  definitely  to  determine  whether  the 
present  attitude  of  some  of  the  courts  in  this  respect  is  correct. 

A  problem  which  has  arisen  under  the  act  of  1924  has  to  do  with 
the  admissibility  of  the  alien  wives  of  Chinese-American  citizens. 
Under  the  construction  placed  upon  the  act  by  the  courts  such  wives 
are  inadmissible.  It  is  manifestly  inequitable  that  the  wives  of  alien 
Chinese  of  the  exempt  classes  should  be  admitted  while  the  alien 
wives  of  Chinese-American  citizens  are  rejected.  A  considerable 
number  of  such  wives  has  been  admitted  temporarily  by  the  depart- 
ment under  bond,  and  such  temporary  admissions  have  been  extended 
for  the  reason  that  there  is  pending  before  Congress  a  bill  which,  if 
enacted  into  law,  will  remedy  the  situation. 

At  one  time  in  the  history  of  the  Immigration  Service  the  smuggling 
of  Chinese  constituted  one  of  the  major  problems  in  the  enforcement 
of  the  immigration  laws.  Diligent  effort  and  particularly  careful 
watch  kept  on  the  borders  since  the  establishment  of   the   border 


BEP0RT  o,  «.  a—-—  — L  °F  IMMIGRATI°N     19 

3atrol  have  reduced  the  s-g^  ^JSffiftS  ST.SE 
We      Most  of  the  surreptitious  ^ries  no  ^  Cah_ 

Kon  of  the  service  occur  over  the .land  doi       j       ^  fche  M 

Irnia  While  many  of  these ;  illegal ^f^%  1S  a  class  0f  Chinese 
S  securing  residence  in  he  Umte^te^W  ^^  and  bmlt  to 
known  as  "free  trippers"  who  open ly  ci  ^  China  and  ^ 
an  est  in  order  that  they  may  be  o^^  Chines6)  after  they  have 
free  passage  to  .the  >ome£  ^  ^  for  MexicQ  tQ  ^ake  up  thelr 
completed  their  visits^.  No  way  has  been  found  to  prevent 

employment  inia>s  from  traveling  at  the  expense  of  the ^United btates 
Chinese  ofcnve  fact  that  they  can  not  be  return^  -  Mexico,  and  their 
in  Ration  to  China  is  mand^^—^  continues  to  be  a  favored 

The  entry^oy^j^J  residence.  The  privileges  permitted  under 
tne  La  Follette  Act  and  the  general  immigration  law  make  it  com- 
paratively easy  for  Chinese  arriving  as  seamen  to  take  shore  leave  or 
to  be  discharged  in  order  to  reship  foreign  and  thereafter  to  sink  into 
the  Chinese  population  of  the  United  States.  These  entries  are  so 
numerous  that  an  attempt  to  break  up  the  practice  would  require  a 
considerable  increase  in  the  appropriation  for  the  enforcement  of 
the  immigration  law. 

The  present  rules  governing  the  passage  of  Chinese  in  transit 
through  the  territory  of  the  United  States  are  framed  with  particular 
reference  to  Chinese  laborers  seeking  such  privilege  and  require 
bond  in  the  sum  of  not  less  than  $500  for  all  Chinese.  An  increasing 
number  of  high-class  Chinese  crosses  the  territory  of  the  United 
States  en  route  to  Europe  and  to  China  on  the  return  journey.  A 
modification  of  the  rules  is  under  consideration  with  a  view  to  the 
elimination  of  bond  in  this  class  of  cases  in  the  discretion  of  the  officer 
in  charge  at  the  port  of  entry. 

Many  Chinese  students  admitted  since  the  passage  of  the  act  of 
1924  and  who  under  the  act  are  required  to  leave  the  United  States 
upon  the  completion  of  their  studies  have  sought  an  extension  of 
their  residence  as  students  after  graduation  in  order  to  gain  practical 
experience  along  the  line  of  their  studies.  There  is  an  urgent  need 
for  the  services  of  these  students  in  their  home  country,  as  the  supply 
of  Chinese  educated  in  the  professions  is  very  limited.  The  oppor- 
tunities to  secure  experience  in  China  which  would  enable  them,  to 
apply  the  theoretical  knowledge  gained  in  our  institutions  of  learning 
are  limited.  The  department  has  permitted  Chinese  of  good  standing 
to  remain  for  limited  periods  for  the  purposes  indicated.  The 
privilege  has  been  gratefully  accepted  in  many  cases  and  in  no  instance 
has  the  bureau  found  that  it  has  been  abused.  It  is  believed  that  the 
extension  of  this  opportunity  to  worthy  students  will  react  favorably 
in  the  future  upon  the  relations  of  the  two  countries. 

Return  permits. 

Return  permits  are  issued  to  Chinese  of  the  exempt  classes  who 
have  been  previously  admitted  for  permanent  and  unrestricted 
residence.  During  the  fiscal  year  1929  such  permits  were  issued  to 
422  Chinese  of  this  class,  while  50  applications  were  denied.  Exten- 
sions of  previously  issued  permits  were  granted  in  152  cases. 


20      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OE  IMMIGKATI0N 

Chinese  arrested 
[Chinese  exclusion  act] 
Cases  pending  at  beginning  of  year  (WliiHi™  «v 

on  appeal) __   .     e        year  ^"ding  aliens  awaiting  deportation 

Arrested  during  the  year  (new  cases)"  91 

Cases  disposed  of:  jog 

Deported — 

On  order  of  United  States  commw 

On  court  order oner oo 

Discharged —  jg 

On  order  of  United  States  commissioner 

On  court  order g5 

™-  jo  U#nt*  r?!yJ1?t)arted  and  proceedings  canceled 1~_     "_'         ."       a 

Died,  2;  forfeited  bail,  •*,  ending,  140.  ~        f 

DEPORTATIONS  (Ui  WMTOAr^ 

During  the  year  12,908  aliens  were  disposed  of  under  formax 
warrants  of  deportation.  Of  this  number,  9,536  were  deported  at  the 
expense  of  the  immigration  appropriation,  1,458  were  deported  at 
the  expense  of  the  steamship  lines  which  brought  them  to  this  country, 
802  were  permitted  to  ship  one  way  foreign  as  members  of  crews  of 
departing  vessels,  and  1,112  were  permitted  to  depart  voluntarily 
at  their  own  expense. 

Of  the  12,908  aliens  above  mentioned,  4,227  were  returned  to 
Europe;  2,185  to  Canada;  5,481  to  Mexico;  570  to  other  countries  in 
the  Western  Hemisphere;  370  to  Asia;  and  75  to  Africa,  Australia, 
and  the  Pacific  Islands. 

Deportations,  by  months,  were  as  follows: 


Govern- 
ment ex- 
pense 

Steam- 
ship ex- 
pense 

Shipped 
as  sea- 
men 

Departed 
volunta- 
rily 

Total 

Total 

9,536 

1,458 

802 

1, 112 

12.90& 

July. 

536 

778 

649 

610 

648 

741 

692 

748 

1,064 

986 

1,032 

1,052 

91 
198 
120 

82 
153 
142 

99 
159 
117 

59 
118 
120 

52 
94 
47 
45 
26 
103 
106 
57 
76 
96 
76 
24 

89 

116 
99 
70 

100 
68 

122 
72 
95 

120 
97 
64 

768- 
1,186 

915 

October.. 

807 

November 

927 

December 

January .._ 

1,054 
1,019 

February 

1,036 

1,352 

April 

1,261 

May 

1,323 

June 

1,260 

One  hundred  and  six  deportation  parties  were  moved  during  the 
year.     These  group  movements  saved  many  thousands  of  dollars. 

With  respect  to  the  802  aliens  who  were  permitted  to  ship  one  way 
foreign  as  members  of  crews  in  lieu  of  deportation,  it  is  interesting  to 
note  that  801  had  some  experience  as  seamen,  while  only  1  was  without 
such. 

The  savings  effected  in  permitting  aliens  to  sign  on  as  members  of 
crews  of  foreign-bound  vessels  were  approximately  $80,200,  in 
addition  to  which  other  savings  were  effected.  These  are  set  forth 
in  detail  in  the  subjoined  summary. 


REPORT   OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      21 

Summary 


Warrant  of  deportation  issued: 

Deported  at  expense  of  immigration  appro- 
priation— 
From  seaports 

Across  land  boundary 

Deported  (ocean  voyage  at  expense  of  steam- 
ship companies) 

Permitted  to  ship  foreign  1  way,  its  a  com- 
pliance with  warrant  of  deportation 

Departed,  paying  own  passage,  as  a  compli- 
ance with  warrant  of  deportation 

Departed  voluntarily  across  land  border  as  a 
compliance  with  warrant  of  deportation — 


Total.  _ 

ubject   to   deportation;   voluntarily   departed; 

warrant  of  deportation  not  issued: 

Shipped  foreign  1  way  ' 

Paid  own  passage  2 -- 

Departed  across  land  border  3 


Total. 


Grand  total. 


At  $100  per  capita $80,200 

At  $100  per  capita 59,400 

At  $20  per  capita 10,360 


$149,  960 


At  $100  per  capita 30, 600 

At  $100  per  capita 50,300 

At  $20  per  capita 501,580 


582, 480 
732, 440 


i  Warrant  of  arrest  issued  in  respect  of  170  aliens— not  in  respect  of  136  aliens. 
=  Warrant  of  arrest  issued  in  respect  of  174  aliens— not  in  respect  of  329  aliens. 
s  Warrant  of  arrest  issued  in  respect  of  346  aliens— not  in  respect  of  24,733  aliens. 

ALIENS  OF  THE  CRIMINAL  AND  IMMORAL  CLASSES  DEPORTED 

During  the  year  610  aliens  convicted  of  crimes  involving  moral 
turpitude  and  sentenced  to  imprisonment  of  a  year  or  more  after 
entering  the  United  States  were  deported  following  release  from  prison. 
The  largest  number  of  deportees  of  this  class  (233),  wTere  Mexicans,  or 
38.2  per  cent  of  the  total.  The  others  included  75  Italian,  57  English, 
32  German,  27  French,  25  Irish,  and  161  of  the  miscellaneous  races  or 
peoples. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  the  deportees  last  year  included  799  aliens 
who  were  criminals  at  the  time  of  their  entry.  Here  also  Mexicans 
were  the  largest  group  (460,  or  57.6  per  cent).  These  criminals  at 
time  of  entry  also  included  85  English,  75  French,  44  Irish,  30  Scotch, 
and  105  scattering  races.  A  number  of  these  aliens  had  been  pre- 
viously deported,  and  all  were  subject  to  deportation  when  they  last 
entered  the  country. 

In  the  same  period  52  aliens  were  deported  because  of  convictions 
under  the  act  approved  May  26,  1922,  commonly  known  as  the 
narcotic  act,  embracing  24  Chinese,  7  Mexicans,  7  Italians,  3  Greeks, 
and  11  of  seven  other  races. 

Aliens  of  the  immoral  classes,  including  prostitutes  after  entry, 
procurers,  persons  coming  for  an  immoral  purpose,  and  the  like, 
numbered  395,  of  wrhom  300,  or  75.9  per  cent,  were  Mexicans. 

The  total  deportees  of  the  criminal  and  immoral  classes  for  the  past 
year  was  1,856,  the  Mexicans  alone  numbering  1,000,  or  53.9  per  cent. 


22      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Warrant  cases 

[Items  indicate  number  of  aliens  involved] 

Warrant  cases  investigated  in  connection  with  warrant  proceedings: 

In  penal  institutions jq   jgg 

In  hospitals  and  almshouses _              "  9  851 

At  large IIIIZZZZZIZZZI  99!  713 

Total 112)  722 

Warrants  of  arrest: 

On  hand  by  field  officers  at  beginning  of  year  unserved .  872 

Received  by  field  officers  during  the  yearl ZZZ      17,  914 

Total  warrants  of  arrest 13  ygg 

Served  in  penal  institutions 2  662 

Served  in  hospitals  and  almshouses "__" "  '  §97 

Served  at  large ^3  qqq 

On  hand  by  field  officers,  unserved,  at  close  of  year l__  '  784 

Returned  to  department,  canceled _"_ \  344 

Total  warrants  of  arrest \g  7gg 

Warrants  of  deportation: 

On  hand  by  field  officers  at  beginning  of  year _      __  5  9'?0 

Received  by  field  officers  during  the  year _'_'_'_      14^  003 

Total  warrants  of  deportation 19  923 

Executed,  aliens  removed — 

Shipped  foreign  1  way 392 

Paid  own  passage;  departed  from  seaports ~_ '___    '_  594 

Departed  voluntarily  across  land  border _  518 

Departed  across  land  border,  Government  expense I    "__  7013 

Deported  via  seaports  at  Government  expense 2  523 

Deported  via  seaports  at  steamship  expense "  1 '  458 

On  hand  by  field  officers  at  close  of  year,  unexecuted ___  6'  326 

Returned  to  department,  canceled '  ggg 

Total  warrants  of  deportation 19  923 

REENTRY   PERMITS  (INCLUDING    CHINESE) 

An  alien  actually  resident  of,  and  legally  admitted  to,  the  United 
States  for  permanent  residence  on  the  occasion  of  his  last  entry,  may 
upon  application  to  the  Commissioner  General  of  Immigration  in 
proper  form  and  the  payment  of  $3  obtain  a  reentry  permit  good  for 
one  year  and  subject  to  extensions  upon  satisfactory  showing  as  to 
the  necessity  therefor,  for  periods  of  not  to  exceed  six  months  each 
upon  payment  of  a  fee  of  S3  for  each  extension.  This  document 
entitles  the  person  to  whom  issued  to  reenter  the  United  States 
without  being  put  to  the  necessity  of  procuring  a  visa  abroad  before 
returning,  but  it  is  not  the  sole  evidence  of  admissibility.  In  other 
words,  a  reentry  permit  is,  if  unexpired,  merely  evidence  that  the 
person  to  whom  it  was  issued  is  returning  from  a  temporary  absence 
abroad  to  resume  an  unrelinquished  domicile  in  this  country  law- 
fully acquired,  but  it  is  of  no  avail  if  it  is  found  upon  the  holder's 
return  that  the  holder  is  excludable  for  causes  under  the  immigration 
laws.  Alien  residents  of  the  United  States  possessing  the  qualifica- 
tions requisite  to  the  procurement  of  a  reentry  permit  may  however 
visit  foreign  contiguous  territory  for  a  period  of  not  to*  exceed  six 
months  and  return  without  visas  or  reentry  permits. 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION       23 

Durino-  the  year  113,375  applications  for  reentry  permits  were 
5ceived°and  107,470  granted.  Of  the  107,470  persons  to  whom 
!entry  permits  were  issued,  22,300  had  availed  themselves  of  the 
rivilege  on  previous  occasions.  It  was  necessary  to  return  8,873 
Dplications  for  correction  or  completion;  1,224  were  received  too 
te  to  be  acted  upon  prior  to  departure. 

Requests  for  extensions  to  the  number  of  14,563  were  received 
uring  the  year,  of  which  13,747  were  granted,  155  demed,  and  661 
mained  pending  at  the  close  of  the  year. 

Fewer  permits  by  6,507  were  issued  during  the  year  just  closed 
mn  were  issued  in  the  fiscal  year  ended  June  30,  1928,  but  3,016 
tore  extensions  were  granted.  The  decrease  in  the  number  ot 
ermits  issued  is  attributable  in  part  to  the  fact  that  at  the  beginning 
f  the  fiscal  year  1928  there  were  4,219  applications  pending,  and  only 

714  applications  pending  at  the  beginning  of  the  year  just  closed 
'  In  addition  to  the  applications  above  referred  to,  276,799  pieces  ot 
lail  in  connection  with  permit  matters  were  received  and  disposed 
f  and  172  cases  were  sent  to  field  officers  for  investigation. 

There  were  covered  into  the  Treasury  in  fees  $363,651. 

VISA   PETITIONS 

During  the  year  40,774  petitions  were  filed  by  American  citizens 
>r  issuance  of  immigration  visas  to  wives,  unmarried  children  under 
tie  age  of  21  years,  husbands,  and  parents,  an  increase  of  2,314  over 
tie  preceding  year;  36,032  were  granted  and  3,063  denied,  the  re- 
minder for  one  reason  or  another  not  being  perfected  As  in  past 
ears,  the  number  of  petitions  filed  by  newly  naturalized  citizens 
xceeded  all  others.  , 

The  following  tabulation  shows  the  general  increase,  by  fiscal  years, 
i  the  number  of  visa  petitions  filed  since  the  inauguration  ol  the 
ystem : 

925  29,000   1928 ?§'£§? 

926 -  23!  856   1929 40,774 

927"."----"- 34,  169 

IMMIGRANT   STUDENTS 

During  the  vear  1,898  aliens  were  admitted  to  the  United  States 
is  nonquota  immigrant  students,  making  a  total  of  8,929  aliens  so 
tdmitted  since  the  immigration  act  of  1924  went  into  eject.  Ul 
his  total,  3,480  have  to  date  completed  their  studies  and  lelt  the 
•ountry  During  the  5-year  period  265  warrants  of  arrest  looking 
,o  deportation  have  been  issued  in  respect  of  students  who  failed  to 
comply  with  the  requirements. 

During  the  year  112  schools  have  received  full  approval  as  mstitu- 
ions  of  learning  for  immigrant  students,  making  a  total  of  1,391 

ICCFPClltCCl 

There  has  been  a  decided  increase  in  the  number  of  marriages  on 
he  part  of  students  (especially  women)  to  American  citizens.  In 
Ms  connection  the  following  table  is  not  without  significance  when 
t  is  remembered  that  marriage  to  a  United  States  citizen  carries 
vith  it  special  preference  in  the  issuance  of  quota  visas  not  accorded 
n  general  to  other  aliens.  Over  61  per  cent  of  such  marriages  were 
contracted  by  the  nationals  of  four  countries  the  quotas  of  which  are 
heavily  obligated  for  many  years  to  come. 


24      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


Total 

Nationality 

Armenia 

Russia 

Poland 

Greece 

Other 

Total           

95 

18 

17 

16 

7 

37 

75 
20 

18 

13 

4 

10 
6 

7 

27 

Males - - 

10 

PERSONNEL  (ADMINISTRATIVE)— FIELD    SERVICE 

Employees,  by  classas,  on  the  rolls  July  1,  1928,  and  June  30,  1929 


Total. 


Commissioner 

Assistant  commissioner 

District  director 

Assistant  district  director... 

Special  investigator 

Supervisor 

Superintendent 

Plant  engineer 

Inspector  in  charge 

Immigrant  inspector .. 

District  law  officer 

Technical  adviser 

Contract-labor  investigator. 

Part-time  inspector 

Clerk 


Interpreter 

Guard.. 

Matron . 

Laborer 

Janitor 

Charwoman 

Pilot.. 

Deck  hand 

Marine  engineer 

Stationary  engineer. 

Marine  fireman 

Stationary  fireman  . 

Launch  engineer 

Machinist 

Tile  setter 

Laundryman 

Carpenter- 

Dynamo  tender 

Gardener 

General  mechanic. . 

Painter 

Plumber 

Wireman 

Telephone  operator. 
Draftsman. 


July  1, 
1928 


1,897 


June  30, 
1929 


28 

18 

16 

403 

66 

168 

33 

91 

22 

22 

6 

22 
6 
14 
10 
24 
1 
1 
1 
3 
7 
5 
2 
3 
2 
3 
3 
4 
1 


2,133 


9 

25 

13 

1 

3 

1 

1 

119 

902 

1 

27 

21 

12 

458 

68 

179 

31 

92 

21 

22 

6 

22 

7 

12 

10 

24 

1 

1 

1 

3 

7 

5 

2 

3 

2 

3 

3 

5 

1 


Average 

force 

carried 

on  rolls, 

fiscal 
year  1929 


1,  989. 1 


9.0 

9.0 

25.0 

13.0 

.2 

2.6 

1.0 

1.0 

105.4 

813.3 

.4 

26.4 

20.1 

13.6 

422.7 

67.0 

173.9 

32.8 

90.9 

21.7 

22.0 

6.0 
22.0 

6.3 
13.5 
10.0 
24 

1 

1 

1 

3 

7 

5 

2 

3 

2 

3 

3 

4.3 

1.0 


Minimum  number  of  employees  on  the  rolls  during  the  year,  1,897, 
on  July  1,  1928. 

Maximum  number  of  employees  on  the  rolls  during  the  vear,  2,133, 
on  June  30,  1929. 

The  amount  expended  for  salaries  of  the  immigration  field  force 
during  the  fiscal  year  1929  was  $4,101,428.81. 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF 

Separations  from  the  field  service 

[Administrative] 

IMMIGRATION 

25 

Title 

Resigned 

Dismissed 

Discon- 
tinued 
with 
out 
preju- 
dice 

Transferred  to— 

Re- 
tired 

With 
preju- 
dice 

With- 
out 
prej- 
udice 

Under 
charges 

During 
proba- 
tional 
period 

Border 
patrol 
force 

Other 
Govern- 
ment 
services 

Died 

Total 

Total--. 

9 

78 

12 

10 

47 

13 

11 

18 

8 

206 

1 
6 

1 
4 

2 

3 

16 

3 

7 
4 

20 
2 
2 
1 
2 
3 
2 
2 
1 

10 

1 

43 

7 

4 

<  -k 

2 

43 
3 
9 
3 

1 

3 

7 

7 

2 

4 
2 

1 

88 

6 

B  ird-. 

3 

4 
1 

3 

1 

1 

4 

29 

1  orer  .. 

7 

1  tor ...!        1 

1  tron ! 

5 

5 

2 

1  ftsman 

2 

C  eral  mechanic 

1 

1 
1 

1 

1 

]  ndrvman.. 

1 

1 

I  k  hand. 

1 

1 

1  ;phone  operator 

1 

1 

1  jrnover  approximately  10.3  per  cent. 

FINANCIAL   STATEMENT 

j.  propriation  for  the  conduct  of  the  Immigration  Service  and  the  administration  of 

the  immigration  laws 

]  r  the  enforcement  of  laws  regulating  immigration  into  the 

I  Jnited  States $5,  702,  915.  00 

I  r  coast  and  land  border  patrol 1,  868,  440.  00 

]  r  physical  maintenance  and  upkeep  of  immigration  stations 257,  000.  00 

1  r  salaries,  Bureau  of  Immigration 98,  720.  00 


Total 7,927,075.00 

e  net  amount  expended  during  the  year  for  all  purposes,  after 
leducting  refunds  to  the  appropriation  for  expenditures  not 
jroperly  chargeable  to  the  Government,  was 7,  706,  842.  85 


220,  232.  15 


Leaving  an  unexpended  balance  of 

I  lanced  against  the  expenditures  mentioned  there  was  collected.. 

I  is  hereinafter  shown,  the  sum  of 3,  518,  103.  55 

Making  the  actual  net  cost  of  operation 4,  188,  739.  30 


INCOME    AND    SOURCES    THEREOF 

I  ad  tax 

U  ministrative  fines 

Isntry  permits  and  extensions 

I  rids  forfeited  and  paid  without  suit 

I  e  of  exclusive  privileges  (feeding,  money  exchange,  etc.) 

Ipense  of  deporting  aliens — reimbursed 

I  e  of  Government  property : 

I  scellaneous  collections 

lin-box  collections,  New  York,  Boston,  Seattle,  and  Philadel- 
phia   

Total 

75209—29 3 


2,  841,  114.00 

152,  591.  70 

363,  651.  00 

158,  419.  84 

1,  155.  30 

351.  87 

246.  92 

387.  96 


184.  96 


3,  518,  103.  55 


26      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

BORDER    PATROL 

The  past  year,  as  did  each  year  succeeding  the  establishment  of  th( 
border  patrol,  witnessed  tremendous  strides  in  the  development  of  th( 
organization's  efficiency — its  morale,  discipline,  and  esprit  de  corps 
The  organization  is  recruited  by  means  of  competitive  examinations 
from  the  finest  type  of  young  manhood  in  the  country.  Those  candi- 
dates who  successfully  pass  the  written  examination,  very  largely  ir 
the  nature  of  an  intelligence  test,  must  thereafter  satisfy  a  board,  upoi 
oral  examination,  that  they  are  in  every  other  respect  fit  material  foi 
the  arduous  and  exacting  duties  of  the  border  patrol.  When  thel 
have  done  this,  they  undergo  a  physical  examination  at  the  hands  o 
Government  surgeons,  and  if  found  physically  fit  enter  upon  a  pro 
bation  for  a  period  of  six  months,  at  the  conclusion  of  which,  if  thei: 
conduct  and  services  have  been  satisfactory,  they  receive  absolutt 
appointment;  otherwise  they  are  dropped  from  the  rolls.  After  receiv 
ing  absolute  appointment  involuntary  separation  from  the  servici 
occurs  only  on  formal  written  charges,  to  which  the  accused  is  affordec 
full  opportunity  to  reply  in  writing.  The  merit  system  prevails,  am 
promotions  up  to  this  time  both  in  rank  and  pay  have  been  more  rapk 
than  is  generally  the  case  in  the  older  Government  organizations. 

The  border  patrol  offers  to  young  men  an  honorable  and  attractivi 
career.  The  requisites  to  success  are  uncompromising  honesty,  intel 
ligence,  ambition,  industry,  and  courage.  The  work  is  arduous,  exact 
ing,  and  oftentimes  hazardous  in  the  extreme,  calling  for  the  exercisi 
in  well-balanced  proportions  of  initiative,  resourcefulness,  discretion 
courtesy,  and  patience. 

Ten  men  in  the  organization,  whose  names  are  hereinafter  listed 
have  lost  their  lives  in  encounters  with  outlaws.  Outlaws  very  fre 
quently  shoot  and  shoot  to  kill  when  they  are  challenged,  unless  tin 
odds  are  greatly  against  them.  Patrolmen  are  under  the  strictes 
orders  to  shoot  only  in  self-defense.  Once  attacked,  however,  the;; 
shoot  fast,  straight,  and  with  deadly  effect. 

ROLL    OF    HONOR 

1.  Frank  H.  Clark.     Killed  at  El  Paso,  Tex.,  on  December  13,  1924. 

2.  August  D.  De  La  Pena.     Killed  at  Rio  Grande  City,  Tex.,  on  August  3 

1925. 

3.  William  W.  McKee.     Killed  near  Alambre  ranch,  40  miles  south  of  Tucson 

Ariz.,  on  April  23,  1926. 

4.  Lon  Parker.     Killed  near  Willis  ranch,   Huachuca   Mountains,   Ariz.,   oi 

July  25,  1926.  S»  S{  . 

5.  Thad  Pippin.      Killed  in  mountains  near  El  Paso,  Tex.,  on  April  21,  1927. 

6.  Franklin  P.   Wood.     Presumed  to  have  been  rammed  and  sunk  by,  anc 

while  in  pursuit  of,  a  smuggler's  boat  in  the  Detroit  River  December  15 
1927.     Body  never  recovered. 

7.  Norman  G.  Ross.     Killed  by  apprehended  alien  while  in  rear  seat  of  alien's 

car  on  February  10,  1928,  near  Kane  Springs,  Calif. 

8.  Robert  H.  Lobdell.      Killed  near  Roseau,  Minn.,  December  25,  1928. 

9.  Earl  A.  Roberts.     Killed  by  a  liquor  smuggler  about  March  23,  1929,  a1 

Algonac,  Mich. 
10.   Benjamin  T.  Hill.     Killed  by,  and  while  pursuing,  a  suspected  smuggle] 
in  El  Paso,  Tex.,  May  30,  1929. 

The  work  performed  by  the  border  patrol,  its  accomplishment! 
personnel,  and  transportation  during  the  past  year  are  hereinaftei 
set    forth    in    tabulated   form.     The   results  in   all   essential  respects 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


27 


approximate  those  of  the  preceding  year  except  as  to  the  number  of 
violators  of  law  apprehended.  Last  year  these  numbered  25,534, 
of  whom  18,000  were  smuggled  aliens.  In  the  year  just  closed  the 
total  apprehended  of  law  violators  numbered  34,591,  of  whom  29,568 
were  smuggled  aliens. 

Activities  of  immigration  border  patrol  during  the  fiscal  year  ended  June  30,  1929 

Miles  patrolled,  total 6,801,012 

Bv  motor 6,  217,  733 

B'v  railroad 128,  532 

By  horse 60,813 

Bv  boat 5,  251 

Afoot 388,683 

Trains,  busses,  etc.,  examined,  and  passengers  thereon  interrogated 


Total 791,  278 


Number  of  Number 

convey-  of  pas- 

ances  sengers 

976,  261 

39,  034 
99,  271 
708,  015 
77,  602 
23,  898 
28,  441 

Pedestrians  interrogated 380,  282 

Investigations  conducted 3,  769 

Warrants  of  arrest  served 82 

Smugglers  of  aliens  captured 291 

Smuggled  aliens  captured 29,  568 

Aliens  turned  back  (Canadians,  122;   Mexicans,  22;  others,  333) 477 


Freight  trains 67,  808 

Passenger  trains 71,  372 

Automobiles 579,  110 

Busses 45,  444 

Boats 14,  774 

Other  conveyances 12,  770 


Persons 
appre- 
hended 

Seizures 

Delivered  to — 

Automobiles 

Other  convey- 
ances 

Liquor 

Miscel- 
laneous 
contra- 

Num- 
ber 

Estimated 
value 

Num- 
ber 

Estimated 
value 

Quantity 

(in 
quarts') 

Estimated 
value 

band, 
esti- 
mated 
value 

Total                   : 

34,  591 

741 

$271,  999 

222 

$27,  852 

352,  869 

$337,  769 

$58, 158 

33,002 

848 

117 

30 

72 

6 

1 

515 

25 

592 

58 

3 

8,795 

198, 679 

34,700 

375 

9 

208 

2 

2 

1,500 
19,  727 
5,  075 
1,  050 

307,416 
33, 061 

78 

271,524 

56, 176 

130 

4,732 

1,191 

156 

693 

110 

4 

12,310 

8 
9,931 

■Hate  and  municipal 

61 
2 

28,  550 
900 

1 

500 

51,  276 

Total  estimated  value  of  seizures,  $695,778. 


28      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERA.L  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Employees,  border  patrol,  by  classes,  on  the  rolls  on  July  1,  1928,  and  June  SO,  1929 


July  l, 
1928 


June  30, 
1929 


Average 
force  car- 
ried on 
rolls,  fiscal 
year  1929 


Total 

Supervisor 

Assistant  superintendent 

Chief  patrol  inspector 

Senior  patrol  inspectors.. 

Patrol  inspectors 

Clerks 

Motor  mechanics 

Laborers 

Janitors 


746 


28 
167 
502 
22 
15 
3 
2 


29 
174 
560 
28 
22 


793.9 


1.0 

7.5 

29.5 

169.4 

532.2 

26.3 

18.0 

7.0 

3.0 


Minimum  number  of  employees  on  the  rolls  during  the  vear,  746, 
on  July  1,  1928. 

Maximum  number  of  employees  on  the  rolls  during  the  year,  839,  on 
June  1,  1929. 

The  amount  expended  for  salaries  of  the  border  patrol  force  during 
the  year  1929  is  $1,533,805.34. 

Separations  from  the  service,  border  patrol 


Resigned 

Dismissed 

Discon- 
tinued 
with- 
out 
preju- 
dice 

Transferred  to— 

Died 

With 
preju- 
dice 

With- 
out 

preju- 
dice 

Under 

charges 

During 
proba- 
tional 
period 

Immi- 
gration 
Service 

Other 
Govern- 
ment 
services 

Total 

Total 

37 

53 

27 

25 

4 

74 

3 

5 

228 

3 

22 

42 

6 

1 

3 

Senior  patrol  inspectors 

6 
30 

3 

44 
3 

1 
1 

1 

11 
16 

25 

1 

1 
2 

3 

5 

46 
163 

Clerks 

11 

1 

3 

1 

1 

Turnover,  approximately  28.7  per  cent. 

Border  patrol  transportation 
[June  30,  1929:  284  automobiles,  18  trucks,  21  horse  allowances  (14  saddle  horses,  7  pack  horses)] 

MOTOR  EQUIPMENT  PURCHASED  DURING  FISCAL  YEAR  1929 

Ford  4-door  sedans 24 

Ford  trucks 2 

Whippet  4-door  sedans 37 

Whippet  coaches 16 

Chevrolet  4-door  sedans 59 

Chevrolet  coaches 3 

Chevrolet  trucks 6 

Durant  4-door  sedans 3 

150 

Gross  cost $102,  636.  32 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      29 

OLD  MOTOR  EQUIPMENT  TURNED  IN  ON  PURCHASE  OF  NEW  CARS 

Ford  touring 4 1 

Ford  sedans 

Chevrolet  touring 49 

Chevrolet  sedans ' 

Chevrolet  coaches 

Chevrolet  trucks 2 

Star  touring !;_J 

Star  sedans 2 

Reo  truck 1 

128 

Allowance  f^v  old  equipment --  $9,  353.  65 

Net  cost  of  !"v.  equipment 93,  282.  67 

ADMINISTRATIVE   PROBLEMS 
FIELD 

Although  the  shortage  in  personnel,  discussed  under  this  caption 
in  last  year's  annual  report  has  been  somewhat  relieved  by  the 
assignment  of  additional  help  to  the  more  important  points  along  the 
Canadian  border,  further  and  very  substantial  additions  to  the  per- 
sonnel there  and  elsewhere  throughout  the  country  remain  to  be 
made  before  the  situation  can  fairly  be  said  to  have  been  properly 
remedied. 

Again  it  is  desired  to  refer  to  the  need  of  training  schools  for  field 
officers,  which  need  is  discussed  in  detail  in  previous  annual  reports. 

LEGISLATION    RECOMMENDED 

Last  year  legislation  along  various  lines  and  for  various  purposes 
was  recommended.  Some  of  the  recommendations  have  been  acted 
upon.  Those  that  have  not  are  renewed  with  certain  changes  and 
additions,  as  follows: 

First.  That  the  exemption  from  the  operation  of  the  illiteracy 
inhibition  as  set  forth  in  section  3  of  the  immigration  act  of  1917 
reading  "All  aliens  who  have  been  lawfully  admitted  to  the  United 
States  and  who  have  resided  therein  continuously  for  five  years  and 
who  return  to  the  United  State  within  six  months  from  the  date  of 
their  departure  therefrom"  be  broadened  so  as  to  provide  that  aliens 
holding  valid  unexpired  reentry  permits  shall  not  be  excluded  because 
of  illiteracy,  and  that  subdivision  F,of  section  10  of  the  immigration 
act  of  1924  be  so  amended  as  to  harmonize  with  the  amendment  of 
section  3  of  the  act  of  1917  as  proposed. 

Second.  That  statutory  grounds  for  both  exclusion  and  deportation 
be  broadened,  and  that  the  whole  body  of  law  dealing  with  immigra- 
tion be  codified  in  the  manner  and  for  the  reasons  set  forth  in  the 
annual  report  for  the  fiscal  year  ended  June  30,  1926. 

Third.  That  section  8  of  the  immigration  act  of  1917  be  amended 
to  provide  a  specific  penalty  for  the  offense  of  harboring  and  concealing 
smuggled  aliens.  This  amendment  is  necessitated  by  decisions  of 
certain  courts  that  this  clause  of  section  8  is  inoperative  because 
Congress  did  not  in  clear  language  provide  a  penalty  for  the  offense. 

Fourth.  That  Congress  make  a  study  of  immigration  from  coun- 
tries of  this  hemisphere  with  a  view  to  placing  it  upon  the  same  basis 
as  immigration  from  countries  to  which  the  quota  law  is  applicable. 


30      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

The  unlimited  flow  of  immigrants  from  countries  of  the  Western 
Hemisphere  can  not  be  reconciled  with  the  sharp  curtailment  of  immi- 
gration from  Europe. 

Fifth.  That  omission  from  section  15  of  the  immigration  act  of  1924 
of  authority  to  require  bond  in  appropriate  cases  in  connection  with 
the  admission  of  immigrant  students  be  remedied.  Liberality  should 
be  extended  to  those  who  seek  to  avail  themselves  of  our  educational 
institutions,  but  at  the  same  time  there  should  be  authority,  in  the 
interest  of  good  administration,  where  that  course  is  desirable,  to 
exact  a  bond  of  immigrant  students  admitted,  conditioned  for  their 
departure  from  the  United  States.  The  present  situation  works  to 
the  disadvantage  of  the  alien  in  obliging  the  port  officials  to  exclude 
in  a  doubtful  case,  whereas,  if  bond  were  possible,  doubts  might  be 
resolved  in  favor  of  the  applicant  in  many  instances  without  jeopardy 
to  the  accomplishment  of  the  general  purposes  of  the  act. 

Sixth.  That  section  15  of  the  immigration  act  of  1924  be  amended 
so  as  to  require  servants  of  Government  officials,  now  admitted  under 
diplomatic  immunity,  to  depart  from  the  country  upon  failure  to 
maintain  the  status  under  which  admitted. 

Seventh.  That  a  nonquota  status  in  the  issuance  of  immigration 
visas  be  authorized  in  favor  of  the  dependent  parents  over  60  years 
of  age  of  citizens  of  the  United  States.  The  number  who  would 
benefit  by  this  modification  of  existing  law  is  not  large  and  consid- 
erations of  humanity  fully  support  the  recommendation.  The  Con- 
gress has  extended  a  nonquota  status  to  the  husbands  of  American 
citizens,  but  with  the  proviso  that  marriage  shall  have  occurred  prioi 
to  June  1,  1928.  No  such  limitation,  however,  is  imposed  in  the 
granting  of  a  nonquota  status  to  alien  wives  of  American  citizens. 
Legislation  is  strongly  recommended  which  will  place  American  citi- 
zen wives  and  American  citizen  husbands  on  an  absolute  equalitj 
in  the  issuance  of  nonquota  visas.  That  in  the  issuance  of  visas  the 
wives  and  unmarried  children  under  21  years  of  age  of  alien  residents 
of  the  United  States  who  were  lawfully  admitted  to  the  United  States 
for  permanent  residence  be  given  priority  of  preference  over  immi- 
grants who  are  skilled  in  agriculture  and  the  wives  and  dependenl 
children  under  the  age  of  18  years  of  such  immigrants  skilled  ir 
agriculture,  if  accompanying  or  following  to  join  them. 

Eighth.  That  legislation  be  enacted  authorizing  the  seizure  and  for- 
feiture of  vehicles  and  vessels  used  to  import  aliens  into  the  Unitec 
States  in  violation  of  the  provisions  of  the  immigration  laws,  or  t( 
transport  them  thereafter  pursuant  to  such  illegal  importation;  anc 
to  permit  the  Immigration  Service  -to  make  use  of  such  vehicles  anc 
vessels  after  they  have  been  ordered  forfeited  by  the  courts. 

Ninth.  That  the  law  be  amended  so  that  refund  of  passage  monei 
be  not  made,  as  it  now  is,  to  an  alien  who  by  his  own  fraud  and  decei 
has  prevailed  upon  a  steamship  company  to  bring  him,  althougl 
inadmissible,  to  a  United  States  port. 

Tenth.  That  a  general  discretion  with  regard  to  the  excluding  pro 
vision  of  the  immigration  laws  be  vested  in  the  Secretary  of  Labor  t< 
readmit  expatriated  natives  of  the  United  States. 

Eleventh.  That  a  nonquota  status  be  extended  to  the  unmarriei 
stepchildren,  under  21  years  of  age,  of  American  citizens. 

Twelfth.  That  the  act  approved  March  2,  1929,  entitled  "An  ac 
to  supplement  the  naturalization  laws,  and  for  othpr  purposes,"  b 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      31 

amended  so  as  to  provide  that  the  registry  of  aliens  as  therein  provided 
may  be  made  as  to  those  aliens  who  entered  the  United  States  prior 
to  July  1,  1924,  instead  of  prior  to  June  3,  1921,  the  date  specified  in 
the  present  act. 

Thirteenth.  That  provision  be  made  for  the  reimbursement  of 
immigration  officers  and  employees  for  the  expenses  incurred  by  them 
in  the  moving  of  their  families  and  household  and  personal  effects 
pursuant  to  official  transfers  in  the  line  of  duty  to  points  within  and 
without  the  United  States.  Ever-changing  conditions  in  the  Immi- 
gration Service  render  it  imperative  that  personnel  shall  be  shifted 
about  with  considerable  frequency.  For  an  officer  or  employee  to  be 
forced  in  the  line  of  duty  to  move  his  family  and  household  and  per- 
gonal effects,  all  at  his  own  expense,  is  absolutely  unjust  and  seriously 
curtails  mobility.  However,  such  legislation  should  be  so  framed 
as  to  provide  for  reimbursement  solely  upon  authorization  of  the 
Commissioner  General  of  Immigration,  with  the  approval  of  the 
Secretary  of  Labor,  where  the  transfer  is  made  at  the  request  of  the 
3inployee. 

Fourteenth.  That  adequate  buildings  be  provided  for  the  care  of 
aliens  detained  in  deportation  proceedings.  At  present  such  aliens 
ire  largely  confined  in  jails. 

Fifteenth.  That  the  Secretary  of  Labor  be  given  broader  powers  to 
Emit  aliens  in  cases  of  hardship — those  who  enlisted  in  the  armed 
lorces  of  this  country  during  its  participation  in  the  World  War, 
Dolitical  refugees,  artists,  and  intellectual  geniuses,  and  wives  of 
aliens  admitted  for  permanent  residence  prior  to  Jul}7  1,  1924,  who 
aave  declared  their  intention  to  become  citizens  of  the  United  States. 
With  wise  limitations  and  restrictions  this  power  can  be  safely 
3onferred  without  danger  of  abuse. 

Sixteenth.  That  legislation  be  enacted  equitably  to  compensate 
mmigrant  inspectors  required  to  perform  overtime  duty  in  connection 
with,  the  examination  of  arriving  aliens. 

Seventeenth.  That  a  more  liberal  provision  than  that  afforded  by 
:he  compensation  act  be  provided  for  the  widows  and  orphans  of  those 
n  the  border  patrol  killed  in  line  of  duty,  and  that  the  same  safeguards 
De  thrown  about  the  members  of  the  border  patrol  and  the  same  immu- 
nities extended  to  them  as  are  accorded  any  and  all  other  Federal  law- 
jnforcement  officers  the  performance  of  whose  duties  involves  hazards 
;o  life,  including  the  right  of  trial  in  Federal  courts  and  defense  at  the 
lands  of  United  States  attorneys. 

Eighteenth.  Statistics  continue  to  show  that  a  very  substantial 
volume  of  alien  visitors,  or  nonimmigrants,  is  admitted  each  year. 
These  aliens  are  not  presumed  to  stay  here  permanently,  and  with  the 
careful  scrutiny  given  their  cases  by  the  American  consuls  abroad  and 
Dy  administrative  officers  at  the  ports  of  entry,  it  is  doubtful  that  any 
considerable  proportion  is  abusing  the  privilege  to  evade  the  quota. 
However,  the  number  is  sufficiently  large  to  warrant  a  more  careful 
check-up  on  them  than  is  possible  at  the  present  time  with  the  force 
ivailable.  To  do  this  work  properly,  to  insure  departure  of  those  who 
;hould  depart,  an  additional  inspection  and  clerical  staff  is  recom- 
nended.  The  efforts  of  such  a  staff  undoubtedly  would  have  a  salu- 
tary effect  as  a  deterrent  and  at  the  same  time  do  much  to  educate  the 
)ublic  in  a  feature  of  the  law  that  is  not  clearly  understood.     A  system 


32       REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

of  keeping  check  on  overstayed  visitors  in  this  country  would  likewise 
enable  the  department  more  intelligently  and  satisfactorily  to  pass 
upon  the  applications  for  extensions  of  temporary  admission. 

Nineteenth.  The  border  patrol  should  be  very  substantially  aug- 
mented to  examine  vessels  at  seaports  for  alien  stowaways. 

Twentieth.  That  Congress  sufficiently  increase  its  appropriation  to 
the  bureau  to  make  possible  stricter  enforcement  of  the  immigration 
laws,  inasmuch  as  in  recent  years  the  immigration  question  has  become 
one  of  the  Nation's  greatest  problems.  The  available  force  is  doing 
wonderful  work  in  the  enforcement  of  the  present  law,  but  naturally  a 
larger  force  would  be  in  a  better  position  to  enforce  this  very  popular 
law. 

Twenty-first.  That  the  Commissioner  General  of  Immigration, 
with  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  Labor  and  under  such  regula- 
tions as  may  be  prescribed,  be  authorized  to  declare,  from  time  to 
time,  a  preference  by  occupation  in  the  issuance  of  quota  visas  to 
aliens  needed  in  our  economic  development  and  to  designate  by 
occupation,  as  inadmissible,  immigrant  aliens  not  so  needed. 

Twenty-second.  That  the  Secretary  of  Labor  be  authorized  to  per- 
mit aliens  heretofore  or  hereafter  arrested  and  deported  to  apply  for 
admission.  Under  existing  law  all  such  aliens  are  permanently  ban- 
ished from  the  United  States  unless  they  were  deported  prior  to  March 
4,  1929,  and  prior  to  that  date  were  given  permission  by  the  Secretary 
of  Labor  to  reapply. 

CONCLUSION 

I  wish  to  pay  tribute  to  the  intelligence,  loyalty,  and  devotion  to 
duty  of  the  field  and  bureau  personnel,  which  have  made  possible  the 
discharge  during  the  past  year  of  the  great  responsibilities  imposed 
upon  the  bureau  by  the  immigration  laws.  I  desire  also  to  thank  j^ou 
and  the  other  officials  of  the  department  for  the  sympathetic  and 
helpful  aid  at  all  times  extended. 
Respectfully  submitted. 

Harry  E.  Hull, 

Commissioner  General. 


APPENDIX 


STATISTICS  OF  IMMIGRATION 


33 


APPENDIX— STATISTICS  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table  1. — -Aliens  admitted,  departed,  debarred,  and  deported,  and  United  States 
citizens  arrived  and  departed,  years  ended  June  30,  1928  and  1929,  by  ports  or 
districts 


1928 

Port  or  district 

Aliens  admitted 

United 
States 
citi- 
zens 
arrived 

Aliens 

de- 
barred 

Aliens  departed 

United 
States 
citi- 
zens 
de- 
parted 

Aliens 
de- 

Immi- 
grant 

Non- 
immi- 
grant 

Total 

Emi- 
grant 

Non- 
emi- 
grant 

Total 

ported 
after 
land- 
ing i 

307,  255 

193,  376 

-,iiii.  liid 

430, 955 

18,  839 

77, 457 

196,  899 

274,  356 

429,  575 

11  625 

Atlantic,  total 

169,  577 

154,940 

324,  517 

386,  370 

1,575 

64,653 

135, 050 

199,  703 

37S.3D7 

2,892 

New  York,  N.  Y __ 

157,  887 

5,680 

96 

52 

2,208 

6 

2 

2,064 

3 

11 

5 

79 

1,453 

31 

133,  217 

5,695 

222 

45 

4,882 

10 

57 

2,273 

3 

16 

11 

1,716 

6,754 

39 

291.  HI4 

11.375 

318 

97 

7,090 

16 

59 

4,337 

6 

27 

16 

1,795 

8,207 

70 

299,  272 

10, 986 

262 

69 

13,818 

9 

21 

2,170 

280 

296 

16 

14,415 

44,645 

111 

1,140 
99 
89 
79 
21 
6 

60,  626 

1,287 

33 

4 

1,029 

115,852 

6.  177 

56 

2,821 

176,  478 

7,764 

89 

9 

3,850 

300,  669 

10,  277 

101 

28 

11,878 

2  001 

Boston,  Mass     . 

152 

Philadelphia.  Pa 

176 

121 

58 

Portland,  Me 

11 

New  Bedford,  Mass 

10 
705 

10 
941 

5 
427 

8 

19 
2 
20 
3 
22 
53 
22 

236 

23 

Newport  News,  Ya__ 

29 

1 

210 

1,223 

4 

3 

2 

1,  851 

7,266 

2 

4 

2 

2,061 

8,489 

6 

637 

4 

12,  658 

41,  609 

14 

55 

27 

37 

Key  West,  Fla 

53 

Other  Atlantic  _.. 

141 

Gulf  of  Mexico,  total-. 

1,804 

4,529 

6,333 

11,303 

260 

690 

2,886 

3,576 

11,  702 

580 

Tampa.  Fla... 

472 

3 

31 

1,  045 

251 

2 

1,360 

1 

72 

2,868 
228 

1,832 

4 

103 

3,913 

479 

2 

297 
2 

169 
9,829 
1,006 

31 

4 
23 
157 
44 

1 

24 

173 

197 

135 

50 

Pensacola,  Fla 

6 

Mobile,  Ala 

6 
399 
261 

17 

2,056 

640 

23 

2,455 
901 

45 

10,  537 

985 

34 

290 

Galveston,  Tex. 

160 

Other  Gulf 

40 

Pacific,  total 

3,933 

14,  336 

18,  269 

14,  780 

470 

5,932 

14,  499 

20, 431 

15, 885 

593 

San  Francisco,  Calif 

2,312 

4 

522 

182 

913 

7,745 

5 

2,458 

3,335 

793 

10,  057 
9 
2,980 
3,517 
1,706 

6, 943 
5 
2,306 
1,662 
3,864 

175 
1 

152 
61 
81 

2,592 
4 

2,171 
600 
565 

7,210 
30 
1,823 
3.269 
2,  167 

9,802 
34 
3,994 
3,869 
2,732 

7,352 
20 
2,220 
1,275 
5,018 

257 

Portland,  Oreg 

45 

Seattle,  Wash 

Mexican  border  seaports 

152 

Canadian  border,  total. 

73,605 

9,263 

2  82,868 

2  7, 063 

13,600 

2,230 

26,864 

2  29.094 

2  14,  778 

4,118 

Montreal  district 

29, 921 
9,605 

20, 005 
4,829 
2,198 
7,047 

4,258 
644 
778 

1.609 
328 

1,646 

34, 179 
10,  249 
20,  783 
6,438 
2,526 
8,693 

2,  498 
235 
78 
1,961 
1,171 
1,120 

2,965 
1,574 
1,360 
3,442 
782 
3,477 

157 
517 
722 
288 
257 
289 

26,  864 

29,  094 

'    2, 828 
2,830 
3,531 
2,724 
1,908 
957 

Buffalo  district 

Detroit  district 

Grand  Forks  district 

Spokane  district 

4, 118 

Seattle  district 

Mexican  border,  total. 

57,  921 

4,453 

'  62,  374 

2  1, 443 

2,805 

3,312 

11,346 

2 14,  658 

2  532 

3,415 

San  Antonio  district     

26,  866 
28, 427 
2,628 

1,809 

2,  298 

346 

lis,  675 
30,  725 
2,974 

818 

572 

53 

878 

1,612 

315 

1.  7*5 

1,223 

304 

11,  346 

14,  658 

f          97 
\        342 

I          93 

1              V 

KJ  Paso  district     

[  3,  415 

Los  Angeles  district 

Other,  total  

415 

5, 855 

6,270 

9,996 

129 

640 

6,254 

6,894 

8,371 

Alaska 

59 

82 

274 

113 
3,354 
2,388 

172 
3,436 
2,662 

15 
4,012 
5,969 

34 
42 

53 

2 
510 
128 

4,193 
2,061 

2 

4,703 
2,189 

3,558 
4,813 

Hawaii 

Porto  Rico 

'  These  deportees  are  included  among  aliens  departed,  they  having  entered  the  United  States,  legallv  or 
illegally,  at  the  ports  or  districts  indicated,  and  later  deported  under  warrant  proceedings. 

2  Does  not  include  persons  habitually  crossing  and  recrossing  the  borders,  such  as  commuters,  tourists, 
and  visitors. 

35 


36      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table  1. — Aliens  admitted,  departed,  debarred,  and  deported,  and  United  States 
citizens  arrived  and  departed,  years  ended  June  80,  1928  and  1929,  by  ports  or 
districts — Continued 


1929 

Port  or  district 

Aliens  admitted 

United 
States 
citi- 
zens 
arrived 

Aliens 

de- 
barred 

Aliens  departed 

United 
States 
citi- 
zens 
de- 
parted 

Aliens 

de- 
ported 
after 
land- 
ing i 

Immi-  ;N°n- 
„_„.,*    immi- 
grant    grant 

Total 

Emi- 
grant 

Non- 
emi- 
grant 

Total 

279,  678  199.  649 

479,  327 

449, 955 

18, 127 

69,  203  183.  295 

252, 498 

431,  842 

12, 908 

169, 062 

161,408 

330,  470 

402,  745 

1,269 

54, 145 

135,  646  189.  791 

376,  758 

2,677 

New  York,  N.  Y      

158,  238 

5,002 

v   76 

50 

2,393 

10 

2 

1,719 

141,290 

4,203 

233 

57 

5,  276 

10 

58 
1,777 

299,  528 

9,  205 

309 

107 

7,669 

20 

60 

3,496 

313, 030 

9,201 

262 

137 

14,  081 

42 

24 

1,893 

939 

57 
79 
68 
12 
4 

23 
2 
12 
3 
22 
25 
23 

49,  518 

120.  044 

169,  562 

5,423 

26 

299,  066 

7,341 

25 

104 

11,840 

8 

23 

430 

1,839 
165 
191 
139 
18 
12 
14 
34 
12 
45 
17 
31 
39 
121 

Boston,  Mass 

1, 970     3. 453 

3 

23 

1,047 

2.917 

3,964 

1 

121 

727 

Portland,  Me  

1 

121 

341         386 

12 

11 

108 

1,428 

13 

14 

6 

2,383 

6,071 

30 

26 

17 
2,491 
7,499 

43 

316 

22 

23,  778 

39,  746 

213 



2 

19 

21,  863 

36,  013 

24 

1             6 

80     1, 903 

1,  063i     6. 908 

1,983 

7,971 

6 

Miami,  Fla - 

Key  West,  Fla 

6 

Gulf  of  Mexico,  total.  _ 

1,563 

4,407 

5,970 

11,631 

192 

725 

2,893 

3,618 

11,  472 

595 

Tampa,  Fla__  ..  -__  

394 

5 

17 

817 

330 

1,148 

4 

96 

2,914 

243 

2 

1,542 

9 

113 

3,731 

573 

2 

806 
3 

124 
9,642 
1,056 

14 

9 

9 

115 

44 

1 

9 

124 

133 

109 

1 

51 

10,  225 

1,086 

37 

6 

35 

267 

245 

5 

Mobile,  Ala. 

11 
387 

318 

35 

2,072 

662 

46 

2,459 

980 

Other  Gulf 



4,412 

14,  250 

18,  662 

18, 035 

420 

5,316 

12.964 

18, 280 

18, 459 

582 

San  Francisco,  Calif 

2,  590 

6 

584 

169 

1,063 

7,646 
6 
2,091 
2,944 
1,563 

10,  236 
12 
2,675 
3,113 
2,626 

7,530 
8 
2,277 
1,194 
7,026 

184 
8 

120 
61 
47 

2,364 
12 

1,579 
754 
607 

6,125 
32 
1,669 
3,009 
2,129 

8,489 
44 
3,248 
3,763 
2,736 

7,318 

213 

2,190 

1,463 

7,275 

246 
IS 

125 
20 

143 

Portland,  Oreg... 

Seattle,  Wash 

Canadian  Pacific 

Mexican  border  seaports 

Canadian  border,  total 

64,846 

9,540 

2  74,  386 

2  6, 907 

12,  788 

2,089 

20,  783 

2  22,872 

2  16,  764 

3,401 

Montreal  district 

28,491 
7,468 

16,  899 
4,609 
2,078 
5,301 

4,  593 
476 
758 

2,044 
404 

1,265 

33,  084 
7,944 

17,  657 
6,  653 
2, 482 
6,566 

2,280 
262 
527 

2,084 
870 
884 

3,065 
1,285 
2,706 
3,468 
961 
1,303 

136 
647 
441 
416 
230 
219 

20,  783 

22, 872 

3,  482 
3,885 
3,897 
3,226 
1,510 
764 

3,  401 

Grand  Forks  district 

Mexican  border,  total. 

39,  273 

3,805 

2  43,078 

2  1,290 

3,306 

6,537 

4,866 

2  11,403 

2  699 

5,618 

21,  867 
15, 066 
2,340 

1,728 

1,702 

375 

23,  595 
16,  768 
2,715 

736 
450 
104 

1,210 

1,432 

664 

4,688 

1,  514 

335 

[  4,  866 

11,403 

f        263 
{        233 
I        203 

I  5,  618 

El  Paso  district 

Los  Angeles  district 

522 

6,239 

6,761 

9,347 

152 

391 

6,143 

6,534 

7,690 

35 

54 
164 
304 

85 
3,633 
2,521 

139 
3,797 
2,825 

42 
3,976 
5,329 

66 
20 
66 

14 
234 
143 

4,106 
2,037 

14 
4.340 
2,180 

3 
3,333 
4,354 

5 

7 

23 

1  These  deportees  are  indue 
illegally,  at  the  ports  or  distr 

2  Does  not  include  persons 
and  visitors. 

ledamt 
cts  ind 

aabitua 

>ng  aliei 
cated, s 
lly  cros 

is  depai 
md  late 
sing  an 

ted,  the 
r  deport 
i  recross 

y  havin 
sd  unde 
ing  the 

g  entere 
r  warra 
borders 

dtheL 
nt  proc 
,  such  a 

nited  S 
eedings 
^  comn 

tates,  le 
mters,  t< 

;ally  or  i 
mrists. 

REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      37 

Table  2. — Net  increase  of  population  by  admission  and  departure  of  aliens,  years 
ended  June  SO, 1926, 1927,  1928,  and  1929,  by  semiannual  periods  and  months 

Month 

1926 

Admitted 

Departed 

Immi- 
grant 

Nonim-      T  t  , 
migrant!     l  otal 

Emi- 
grant 

Nonemi- 
grant 

Total 

Increase 

304,  488 

191,  618  J  496,  106 

76, 992 

150,  763 

227,  755 

268, 351 

144, 148 

99,813  1  243.961 

46,  592 

81, 020 

127,  612 

116,349 

July... -. 

August 

18,  590 
22,  421 
26,  721 
28,  685 
26,642 
21, 089 

14, 177 
17,  052 
23,081 
19,  427 
14, 860 
11,216 

32,  767 
39, 473 
49,  802 
48,  112 
41,  502 
32,  305 

8,784 
7,539 
7,200 
7,674 
6,555 
8,840 

17,  715 

12,  978 
12, 485 

13,  264 
11,915 
12,  663 

26, 499 
20,517 

19,  685 

20,  938 
18,470 

21,  503 

6,268 
18,  956 
30, 117 

27,  174 

23, 032 

December . 

10, 802 

160,  340 

91, 805 

252, 145 

30, 400 

69,  743 

100,  143 

152, 002 

19, 072 
20,  041 
29,  504 
33,400 
33,  533 
24,790 

10,  061 
10,  632 
15, 182 

29,733 
30,  673 
44.  6S6 

5,286 
3,232 
3,457 
4,989 
5,861 
7,575 

9,795 
8,451 
8,982 
10,  780 
13,  660 
18, 075 

15,  081 
11,683 
12, 439 
15,  769 
19,  521 
25,  650 

14, 652 

18, 990 

32,247 

17,557       50,957 
19,244        52,777 
18,529       43,319 

35, 188 

May 

33,  256 

17, 669 

1927 

335, 175 

202,826  i  538,001 

73,  366 

180, 142  |  253,  508 

284, 493 

175, 955 

112,290     288,245 

42,  779 

93,528 

136,  307 

151,938 

July 

22,  283 

29,  286 
35,  297 
34,528 

30,  756 
23,805 

16,096       38,379 
20,467       49,753 
25,680       60,977 
22,059  '     56,587 
16,185       46.911 
11, 803       35, 608 

7,052 
7,376 
6,634 
5,377 
6,859 
9,481 

17, 970 
15, 410 
16, 392 
13, 803 

13.078 
16,  875 

25, 022 
22,  786 
23, 026 
19, 180 
19, 937 
26. 356 

13,  357 

26, 967 

37, 951 

37, 407 

27, 004 

9,252 

159,  220 

90,  536     249,  756 

30,  587 

86,614  !  117,201 

132,  555 

18,804 
21,  695 
29,868 
33, 034 
31,819 
24,000 

9,  219       28, 023 
10,379  i     32,074 
16, 370       46,  238 
17,  310       50,  344 
20,899  :     52,718 
16,359  1     40,359 

3,928 
3,949 
4,244 
4,185 
6,148 
8,133 

10, 053 
12, 085 
13,  502 
14,391 
16,  978 
19.  605 

13,981 
16, 034 

17,  746 

18,  576 
23, 126 
27,  738 

14, 042 

February.  

16, 040 

March 

28,492 

April 

31,  768 

May 

29,  592 

June 

12,  621 

Fiscal  year,  total 

1 

1928 

307,  255 

193, 376 

500,  631 

77, 457 

196,899  |  274,356 

226,  275 

6  months,  total..  

164,  665 

106, 474 

271, 139 

44,  535 

107, 136  |  151,  671 

119,468 

Julv 

23,  420 
28, 418 
31, 000 
31,719 
27,  758 
22,  350 

15, 973 
19,011 
25,  619 
21,  578 
13,  841 
10, 452 

39,  393 
47,  429 
56,  619 
53,  297 
41,  599 
32,  802 

9,230 
6,322 
7,625 
6,402 
5,871 
9,085 

18,  509 
17,014 

16. 885 
16,424 

16. 886 
21,418 

27,  739 

23,  336 

24,  510 
22, 826 
22,  757 
30,  503 

11,654 

August 

24, 093 

September _ 

32, 109 

30, 471 

18, 842 

2,299 

6  months,  total 

142,  590 

86,  902 

229,  492 

32, 922 

89, 763 

122,  685 

106, 807 

January 

18, 146 
20, 888 
26,  270 
30,  709 
26, 158 
20, 419 

8,579 
10, 393 
14,348 
17, 982 
17,814 
17, 786 

26,  725 
31,281 
40,  618 
48, 691 
43, 972 
38,205 

5,323 
4,708 
4,931 
4,515 
6,240 
7,205 

15, 632 
10, 070 
12, 242 
12,  553 
19,  272 
19, 994 

20,955 
14,  778 
17, 173 
17, 068 
25,  512 
27, 199 

5,770 

1  February. __ 

16, 503 

March 

23, 445 

'  April 

31, 623 

-  May 

18, 460 

1  Tune 

11,006 

^8      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table  2. — Net  increase  of  population  by  admission  and  departure  of  aliens, 
years  ended  June  80,  1926,  1927,  1928,  and  1929,  by  semiannual  periods  and 
months — Continued 


1929 

Month 

Admittec 

Departed 

Immi- 
grant 

Nonim- 
migrant 

Total 

Emi- 
grant 

Nonemi- 
grant 

Total 

Increase 

279, 678 

199, 649 

479, 327 

69,  203 

183,  295 

252, 498 

226, 829 

147,  707 

110, 483 

258, 190 

44,  677 

104,  746 

149, 423 

108,  767 

July 

20,  682 
24,629 
29,317 
29, 917 
24, 805 
18, 357 

15,  976 
18,  620 
26, 397 
24,  797 
14,  480 
10,  213 

36,  658 
43,  249 
55,  714 
54,  714 
39, 285 
28,  570 

7,804 
6,488 
8,093 
7,479 
6,549 
8,264 

20,249 

15, 960 
17,231 
16,  693 
14,611 
20, 002 

28,  053 
22, 448 
25, 324 
24, 172 
21, 160 
28,266 

8,605 

20, 801 

30, 390 

30,  542 

18, 125 

December  _  _  _ 

304 

6  months,  total 

131,971 

89, 166 

221, 137 

24,  526 

78,  549 

103, 075 

118,  062 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

17, 806 
17,  254 
20, 145 
28,  565 
25,  711 
22, 490 

10, 440 
10, 608 
13, 493 
19, 066 
18,  426 
17, 133 

28,246 
27, 862 
33,  638 
47,  631 
44, 137 
39, 623 

4,670 
4,154 
2,449 
3,387 
4,985 
4,881 

10,  938 
10,  358 
6,917 
11, 733 
17,  781 
20, 822 

15,  608 
14,  512 
9,366 
15, 120 
22,  766 
25, 703 

12,  638 

13,  350 
24,  272 
32,  511 
21,371 
13, 920 

Table  3. — Net  increase  or  decrease  of  population,  by  admission  and  departure  of 
aliens,  years  ended  June  30,  1928  and  1929,  by  countries 


Country  of  last  or  intended  future 
permanent  residence  ' 


All  countries- 
Europe,  total. 


1928 


Albania - 

Austria - 

Belgium 

Bulgaria... 

Czechoslovakia.. 

Danzig,  Free  City  of . 

Denmark 

Estonia 

Finland. 

France,  including  Corsica 

Germany 

Great  Britain  and  Northern  Ireland: 

England 

Northern  Ireland 

Scotland 

Wales 

Greece 

Hungary 

Irish  Free  State 

Italy,  including  Sicily  and  Sardinia... 

Latvia 

Lithuania 

Luxemburg 

Netherlands 

Norway 

Poland - 

Portugal,    including    Azores,     Cape 

Verde,  and  Madeira  Islands 

Rumania  


Aliens  admitted 


Immi- 
grant 


307,  255 


158,  513 


263 

1,277 
698 
158 

3,571 
224 

2,473 
136 
473 

4,438 
45,  778 

7,338 

724 

11,085 

1,  535 

2,328 

857 

24,  544 

17,728 

258 

531 

106 

1,843 

5,660 

8,755 

584 
1,376 


Nonim- 
migrant 


193,  376 


43, 477 


7 

565 

673 

46 

428 

12 

803 

32 

230 

4,096 

6,488 

15, 681 

179 

2,430 

430 

313 

832 

738 

2,703 

74 

63 

13 

1,121 

1,  562 

450 

149 
220 


Total 


500,  631 


201,  990 


270 
1,842 
1,371 

204 
3,999 

236 
3,276 

168 

703 
8,534 
52, 266 

23,  019 

903 

13,515 

1,965 

2,641 

1,689 

25,  282 

20,431 

332 

594 

119 

2,964 

7.  2T2 

9,205 

733 
1,  596 


Aliens  departed 


Emi- 
grant 


77,  457 


57,  185 


580 

485 

110 

2,070 

1 

540 

11 

585 

2,030 

6,645 

0,039 

185 

1,498 

39 

2,461 

920 

1,115 

17, 324 

55 

319 

18 

514 

1,686 

3,071 

1.358 
1,002 


None  mi- 
grant 


Total 


Increase 

(+)or 

decrease 

(-) 


196,899  !  274,356 


39,  849       97,  034 


403 
529 

41 
501  ! 

25 
621 

13 

402 

3,493 

5,692 

15,208 

51 

1,652 

72 

352 

577 

1,062 

2,689 

24 

47 

19 

1,186 

965 

350 

524 
223 


983 

1,014 

151 

2,571 

26 

1,161 

24 

987 

5,  523 

12,  337 

21, 247 

236 

3,150 

111 

2,813 

1,497 

2,177 

20, 013 

79 

366 

37 

1,700 

2,651 

3,421 

1 .  882 
1,225 


+226,  275 


+104,956 


+17 
+859 
+357 
+53 

+1, 428 
+210 

+2, 115 
+144 
-284 

+3,011 
+39,  929 

+1,772 

+667 

+10,365 

+1,854 

-172 

+192 

+23, 105 

+418 

+253 

+228 

+82 

+1,  264 

+4,  571 

+5,784 

-1,145 

+37 


1  Residence  of  a  year  or  more  is  regarded  as  permanent  residence. 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      39 

rABLE  3. — Net  increase  or  decrease  of  population,  by  admission  and  departure  of 
aliens,  years  ended  June  SO,  1928  and  1029,  by  countries — Continued 


Country  of  last  or  intended  future 
permanent  residence 


1928 


Aliens  admitted 


Immi- 
grant 


Nonim- 
migrant 


Total 


Aliens  departed 


Emi- 
grant 


Nonemi 
grant 


Total 


[ncrease 

(+)or 
decrease 
(-) 


Russia 

5pain,  including  Canary  and  Bale- 
aric Islands 

Sweden 

Switzerland 

Turkey  in  Europe 

Jugoslavia 

)ther  Europe  2 


1,254 

455 
8,051 
1,994 

242 
1,386 

390 


Asia,  total. 


3,380 


ixinema 

mina 

adia 

apan 

'alestine 

'ersia _ 

yria 

'urkey  in  Asia. 
Other  Asia  3 


21 

1,320 

102 

550 

554 

50 
504 

59 
220 


America,  total. 


144,  281 


'anada 

fewfoundland 

lexico 

!uba 

■ther  West  Indies 

iritish  Honduras 

•ther  Central  America. 

Irazil 

•ther  South  America... 

fnited  States  * 

•ther  America ' 


Others,  total. 


(gypt 

'ther  Africa 

ustralia  and  appertaining  islands 

rew    Zealand    and  appertaining 

islands 

'ther  Pacific  islands  6 


73, 154 
2,127 

59, 016 
3,012 
1,046 
31 
1,720 
1,213 
2,953 


884 
946 
82 
74 
35 


1,566 

1,261 
8,935 
2,940 

?24 
1,460 

425 


426 

1,983 

1,282 

726 

38 
1,941 

38 


260 

912 

1,019 

700 

20 
190 

19 


2,895 
2,301 
1,426 

58 
2,131 

57 


+880 

-1,634 

+6,  634 

+1,514 

+266 

-671 

+368 


6,786 


10, 166 


6,  073         5,  917 


11,990 


-1,824 


3 

3,458 

450 

2,425 

152 

12 

89 

17 

180 


137,335 


14,346 

569 

5,490 

9,404 

5,334 

135 

2,490 

604 

3,615 

95,  338 

10 


215 
260 
385 

193 

28 


5,778 


142 

596 

3,675 

1,191 
174 


24 

4,778 

552 

2,975 

706 

62 

593 

76 

400 


281,616 


87,  500 
2,696 

64,  506 

12,416 
6,380 
166 
4,210 
1,817 
6,568 

95,  338 
19 


6,859 


357 

856 

4,060 

1,384 
202 


18 

4,364 

156 

1,085 

77 

23 

245 

61 

44 


3 

3,384 
209 

2,009 
97 
14 
85 
23 
93 


21 

7,748 

365 

3,094 

174 

37 

330 

84 

137 


13,  620  j  146,  391 


160, 011 


2,529 

532 

3,957 

1,953 

2,291 

19 

739 

139 

1,461 


19 
122 
325 

100 
13 


29,  426 

688 

7,660 

9,911 

5,111 

124 

2,281 

226 

3,600 

87, 353 

11 


4,742 


67 

306 

3,218 

1,022 
129 


31, 955 

1,220 

11,617 

11, 864 

7,402 

143 

3,020 

365 

5,061 

87, 353 

11 


5,321 


428 
3,543 


1,122 
142 


+3 

-2,  970 
+187 
-119 
+532 
+25 
+263 
-8 
+263 


+121,  605 

+55,  545 

+1,  476 

+52, 889 

+552 

-1,  022 

+23 

+1, 190 

+1,  452 

+1,507 

+7,  985 

+8 


+1,  538 


+271 
+428 
+517 

+262 
+60 


1929 


All  countries '  279,678  |  199,649  |  479,327 

Europe,  total 


lbania 

ustria 

elgium 

ulgaria 

zechoslovakia 

•anzig,  Free  City  of 

•enmark 

stonia 

inland 

ranee,  including  Corsica. 
ermany 


158,  598       45, 019 


329 

1,256 
669 
215 

4,411 
204 

2,525 
141 
416 

4,428 
46,  751 


5 

650 

808 

58 

527 

13 

921 

25 

207 

5,116 

6,706 


203,  617 


334 
1,906 
1,477 

273 
4,938 

217 
3, 446 

166 

623 
9,  544 
53,  457 


69,  203     183,  295 


47,  281       41,  780 


87 

446 

538 

78 

1,689 

13 

486 

36 

466 

1,794 

6,330 


11 

423 

616 

31 

602 

6 

722 

15 

400 

3,778 

5,881 


252,  498 


89, 061 


1,154 

109 

2,291 

19 

1,208 

51 

866 

5,572 

12,211 


+226,  829 


+  114,556 


+236 

+1, 037 
+323 
+164 

+2,  647 
+198 

+2,  238 
+115 
-243 

+3, 972 
+41,  246 


\  ^oraPrises  Andorra,  Gibraltar,  Iceland,  Liechtenstein,  Malta,  Monaco,  and  San  Marino. 
gncludes  Afghanistan,  Arabia,  Bhutan,  Iraq  (Mesopotamia),  Muscat,  Nepal,  Siam,  Siberia,  and 
Asia,  not  specified." 

•"United  States"  under  nonimmigrants  covers  aliens  returning  to  this  countrv  to  resume  residence 
lereiii  after  a  temporary  stay  abroad,  and  under  nonemigrants  covers  aliens  departing  for  a  visit  abroad 
ltn  t  tie  intention  of  returning  within  1  year  to  renew  permanent  residence  in  this  countrv. 
s  Comprises  ( rreenland  and  the  islands  of  St.  Pierre  an. I  Miguelon. 
Comprises  Nauru.  New  Guinea,  Samoa,  Yap,  and  "  Pacific  islands,  not  specific!  " 


40       REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


Table  3. — Net  increase  or  decrease  of  population,  by  admission  and  departure  of 
aliens,  years  ended  June  30,  1928  and  1929,  by  countries— Continued 


1929 

Country  of  last  or  intended  future 
permanent  residence 

Aliens  admitted 

Aliens  departed 

Increase 

Immi- 
grant 

Nonim- 
migrant 

Total 

Emi- 
grant 

Nonemi 
grant 

Total 

(+)  or 
decrease 

(-) 

Great  Britain  and  Northern  Ireland: 
England 

8,008 

2,249 

11,892 

1,427 

2,266 

1,045 

17,  672 

18, 008 

334 

625 

112 

1,742 

5,977 

9,002 

623 

1,707 

934 

547 
8,877 
2,140 

231 
1,369 

466 

15,  621 

287 

2,303 

341 

181 

380 

633 

2,558 

58 

108 

24 

1,286 

1,620 

581 

98 
201 

547 

757 
1,175 

981 
91 
94 
58 

23, 629 

2,536 

14, 195 

1,768 

2,447 

1,  425 

18, 305 

20,  566 

392 

733 

136 

3,028 

7, 597 

9,583 

721 
1,908 
1,481 

1,304 
10, 052 
3,121 

322 
1,463 

524 

6,058 

41 

1,651 

56 

1,736 

761 

1,452 

12,311 

39 

257 

10 

466 

963 

2,273 

1,919 
718 
314 

1,159 

975 

580 

11 

1,524 

44 

17, 220 

67 

1,652 

113 

221 

289 

965 

2,339 

33 

49 

23 

1  075 

Northern  Ireland 

108  j      +2,428 

3,303       +10.892 

169         +1,599 

Scotland 

Wales 

Greece. 

Hungary 

1,050  !          +375 

2,417       +15,888 

14,650         +5,916 

72            +320 

306             +427 

33  1          +103 

Irish  Free  State 

Italy,  including  Sicily  and  Sardinia... 
Latvia 

Lithuania 

Luxemburg 

Netherlands 

Norway 

Poland 

589 

231 
211 
305 

881 
1,102 
730 
7 
217 
45 

Portugal,    including    Azores,     Cape 

Verde,  and  Madeira  Islands 

Rumania 

2,150 
929 
619 

2,040 
2,077 
1,310 

18 
1,741 

89 

-1,429 
+979 
+862 

-736 

+7,  975 

+1,811 

+304 

Russia 

Spain,  including  Canary    and    Bale- 
aric Islands 

Sweden 

Switzerland  

Turkey  in  Europe 

Yugoslavia 

Other  Europe  2 

+43 

Asia,  total 

3,758 

6,820 

10,  578 

5,056 

5,188 

10,  24,4 

+334 

Armenia 

13 

1,446 
103 
771 
600 

37 
469 

57 
262 

3 

3,294 
435 
2,627 
181 
23 
62 
25 
170 

16 

4,740 

538 

3,398 

781 

60 

531 

82 

432 

13 
3,626 
151 
945 
62 
20 
154 
47 
38 

2 

2,661 
238 

1,975 
82 
18 
76 
46 
90 

15 

6,287 

389 

2,920 

144 

38 

+1 
—  1  547 

China 

India 

+149 
+478 
+637 

-1-92 

Japan 

Palestine 

Persia 

Syria 

230             +301 
93  !            -11 

Turkey  in  Asia 

Other  Asia  3 

128  |          +304 

America,  total.. 

116, 177 

142, 008 

258, 185 

16, 324 

131,  932 

148,256     -4-109.929 

Canada 

64, 440 

2,011 

40, 154 

3,026 

1,280 

65 

1,492 

914 

2,789 

14, 924 

465 

4,307 

8,681 

4,956 

121 

2.555 

548 

3,786 

101,  637 

28 

79,  364 

2,476 

44,461 

11,  707 

6,236 

186 

4,047 

1,462 

6,575 

101,  637 

34 

2,706 

412 

7,195 

1,717 

1,948 

11 

725 

237 

1,373 

27,  821 

487 

5,104 

9,382 

4,880 

116 

2,648 

348 

3, 192 

77,  953 

1 

30,  527 

899 

12,  299 

11,099 

6,828 

127 

3,373 

585 

4,565 

77,  953 

1 

+48, 837 

+1,  577 

+32, 162 

+608 

Newfoundland 

Mexico 

Cuba 

Other  West  Indies.. . 

-592 

British  Honduras 

+59 

Other  Central  America... 

+674 

Brazil 

+877 

Other  South  America 

+2, 010 

United  States  * 

+23,  684 

Other  America  5... 

6 

+33 

Others,  total 

1,145 

5,802 

6,947 

542 

4,395 

4,937 

+2, 010 

Egypt 

264 

245 

448 

171 
17 

194 
593 

3,642 

1,254 
119 

458 
838 

4,090 

1,425 
136 

56 

112 

274 

87 
13 

99 
338 

2,872 

1,012 
74 

155 
450 

3,146 

1,099 
87 

+303 

Other  Africa 

+388 

Australia,    including    Papua,    Tas- 
mania, and  appertaining  islands 

New  Zealand,  including  appertaining 
islands 

+944 
+326 

Other  Pacific  islands6 

+49 

1 

2  Comprises  Andorra,  Gibraltar,  Iceland,  Liechtenstein,  Malta,  Monaco,  and  San  Marino. 

3  Includes  Afghanistan,  Arabia,  Bhutan,  Iraq  (Mesopotamia).  Muscat,  Nepal,  Siam,  Siberia,  and  "Asia, 
not  specified." 

'  "United  States  '  under  nonimmigrants  covers  aliens  returning  to  this  country  to  resume  residence 
therein  after  a  temporary  stay  abroad,  and  under  nonemigrants  covers  aliens  departing  for  a  vist  abroad 
with  the  intention  of  returning  within  1  year  to  renew  permanent  residence  in  this  country. 

5  Comprises  Greenland  and  the  islands  of  St.  Pierre  and  Miquelon. 

6  Comprises  Nauru,  New  Guinea,  Samoa,  Yap,  and  "Pacific  islands,  not  specified." 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      41 

Table  4. — Net  increase  or  decrease  of  population  by  admission  and  departure  of 
aliens,  year  ended  June  SO,  1929,  by  race  or  people,  sex,  and  age  periods 


Race  or  people 


Total - 

African  (black) 

Armenian 

Bohemian  and  Moravian  (Czech) 

Bulgarian,  Serbian,  and  Montenegrin 

Chinese 

Croatian  and  Slovenian 

Cuban 

Dalmatian,     Bosnian,    and    Herze- 

govinian 

Dutch  and  Flemish .. 

East  Indian 

English ..- 

Finnish 

French 

German 

Greek 

Hebrew 

Irish _ 

Italian  (north) 

Italian  (south) 

Japanese - 

Korean ... 

Lithuanian 

Magyar ... 

Mexican 

Pacific  Islander 

Polish 

Portuguese 

Ru  manian.. 

Russian ;-. 

Ruthenian  (Russniak). 

Scandinavian    (Norwegians,    Danes, 

and  Swedes) 

Scotch 

Slovak 

Spanish 

S panish  American 

Syrian. - - 

Turkish 

Welsh 

West  Indian  (except  Cuban) 

Other  peoples... 

SEX 

Male 

Female 

AGE 

Under  16  years 

16  to  21  years 

22  to  29  years 

30  to  37  years 

38  to  44  years 

45  years  and  over.. 


Aliens  admitted 


Immi- 
grant 


279, 678 


1,254 
929 
1,427 
685 
1,071 
1,075 
2,141 

119 

2,949 

56 

29,  846 

509 

16,  957 

55,  631 

3,025 

12,  479 

30, 922 

2,631 

16, 452 

716 

49 

409 

1,342 

38, 980 

4 

3,507 

853 

585 

1,352 

532 

19,  428 

21, 926 

2,443 

899 

3,259 

632 

127 

1,659 

380 

438 


142,  132 
137,  546 


47, 935 
69, 072 
85,  222 
36, 907 
16,  789 
23,  753 


Nonim- 
migrant 


199,  649 


2,935 
210 

1,160 
680 

6,947 
727 

6,232 

174 

4,062 

162 

41,810 

1,574 

9,607 

26,  519 

2,358 

3,407 

7,865 

4,759 

16,691 

7,562 

57 

430 

1,499 

3,405 

27 

2,453 

2,598 

573 

1,734 

118 

13,  098 

12,  087 

1,373 

6,036 

4,812 

638 

182 

861 

1,820 

407 


117.710 
81,  939 


10,  128 
10, 627 
47,  600 
48, 189 
34,013 
49,  092 


Total 


479, 327 


4,189 
1,139 
2,587 
1,365 
8,018 
1,802 
8,373 

293 

7,011 

218 

71,  656 

2,083 

26,  564 

82, 150 

5,383 

15,886 

38,  787 

7,390 

33, 143 

8,278 

106 

839 

2,841 

42,  385 

31 

5,960 

3,451 

1,158 

3,086 

650 

32,  526 

34,013 

3,816 

6,935 

8,071 

1,270 

309 

2,520 

2,200 

845 


259, 842 
219,  485 


58,  063 
79, 699 
132,  822 
85, 096 
50, 802 
72,  845 


Aliens  departed 


Emi- 
grant 


69,  203 


425 

26 

1,308 

1, 341 

3,496 

176 
1,166 

347 

1,101 

67 

9,960 

487 
1,621 
7,383 
1,793 

189 
1,659 
3,826 
8,610 

931 
32 

270 

S20 

7,172 

3 

2,316 

1,961 

689 

548 
26 

2,746 

1.677 

437 

1,565 

1,755 

135 

61 

115 

761 

202 


46,  533 
22, 670 


4,246 
3,850 

16,  207 

17,  502 
11,397 
16,  001 


Nonemi- 
grant 


Total 


183,  295 


252,  498 


1, 351 
71 
1,827 
1,195 
5,  390 
189 
6,802 

738 

3,685 

77 

53,615 

2,030 

8,221 

19, 637 

1,669 

1,389 

6,011 

4,849 

10,  253 

8,812 

49 

330 

1, 096 

3,328 

8 

3,011 

1,811 

941 

1,431 


10,  523 

7,544 

853 

5,411 

5,072 

406 

127 

403 

2,636 

418 


110, 148 
73, 147 


10,  647 
8,972 
41,  365 
47,  850 
30, 165 
44,  296 


1,776 
97 
3,135 
2,  536 
8,886 
365 
7,968 

1,085 

4,786 

144 

63,  575 

2,517 

9,842 

27, 020 

3,462 

1,578 

7,670 

8,675 

18, 863 

9,743 

81 

600 

1,916 

10,  500 

11 

5,  327 

3,772 

1,630 

1,979 

112 

13,  269 

9,221 

1,290 

6,976 

6,827 

541 

188 

518 

3,397 

620 


156,681 
95,  817 


14, 893 
12,  822 
57,  572 
65,  352 
41,562 
60,  297 


Increase 

(+)or 

decrease 

(-) 


+226, 829 


+2, 413 
+  1,042 

-548 
-1,171 

-868 
+1,437 

+405 

-792 

+  2,  225 

+74 

+8, 081 

-434 

+  16,722 

+55, 130 

+1,921 

+  14,308 

+31,117 

-1,285 

+14,  280 

-1,465 

+25 

+239 

+925 

+31,  885 

+20 

+633 

-321 

-472 

+  1, 107 

+538 

+19,  257 

+24,  792 

+2,  526 

-41 

+  1,244 

+729 

+  121 

+  2,002 

-1,197 

+225 


+  103, 161 
+  123,668 


+43, 170 
+66, 877 
+75,  250 
+  19,744 
+9,  240 
+12,  548 


75209—29- 


42      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table  5. — Intended  future  permanent  residence  of  aliens  admitted  and  last  per- 
manent residence  of  aliens  departed,  year  ended  June  SO,  1929,  by  States  and 
Territories  1 


State  or  Territory 


Aliens  admitted 


Immi- 
grant 


Nonirn- 
igrant 


Total 


Aliens  departed 


Emi- 
grant 


Nonemi- 
grant 


Total 


Total. 


Alabama .. 

Alaska 

Arizona 

Arkansas 

California 

Colorado .-_ 

Connecticut 

Delaware 

District  of  Columbia. 

Florida 

Georgia 

Hawaii 

Idaho 

Illinois 

Indiana.. . 
Iowa- 


Kansas 

Kentucky 

Louisiana- _- 

Maine 

Maryland.. 

Massachusetts. .. 

Michigan 

Minnesota 

Mississippi 

Missouri 

Montana 

Nebraska 

Nevada 

New  Hampshire- 
New  Jersey 

New  Mexico 

New  York 

North  Carolina.. 
North  Dakota... 
Ohio- 


Oklahoma 

Oregon. 

Pennsylvania 

Philippine  Islands 

Porto  Rico 

Rhode  Island 

South  Carolina _.. 

South  Dakota 

Tennessee 

Texas 

Utah 

Vermont 

Virginia 

Virgin  Islands 

Washington 

West  Virginia 

Wisconsin 

Wyoming 

Outside  United  States. 


279,  678 


199, 649 


479,  327 


69,  203 


183,  295 


166 

120 

3,629 

89 

17,  330 
505 

5,776 
170 
S15 

1,113 
215 
191 
374 

18,  530 
1,781 
1,253 

650 

254 

592 

3,111 

948 

19, 138 

25,  248 

2,538 

144 

1,562 

981 

710 

142 

1,572 

16,  213 

485 

87,  362 

332 

707 

8,087 

296 

1,420 

15,  658 

2 

209 

1,922 

60 

391 

115 

24,  930 

702 

1,722 

286 

11 

4,482 

438 

3,968 

233 


93 

19 

126 

47 

6,720 

154 

2,361 

82 

498 

2,020 

152 

2,004 

77 

6,170 

604 

228 

58 

111 

281 

173 

487 

6,215 

4,917 

420 

78 

551 

138 

165 

42 

147 

7,822 

56 

42, 163 

159 

55 

3,355 

57 

377 

6,853 

11 

714 

794 

25 

55 

52 

921 

155 

53 

206 

4 

1,309 

332 

874 

64 

98, 045 


259 

139 
3,755 

136 
24,  050 

659 
8,137 

252 
1,313 
3,133 

367 
2,195 

451 

24,  700 
2,385 
1,481 

708 

365 

873 

3,284 

1,435 

25,  353 
30, 165 

2,958 

222 

2,113 

1,119 

875 

184 

1,719 

24, 035 

541 

129, 525 

491 

762 

11,442 

353 

1.797 

22,511 

13 

923 

2,716 

85 

446 

167 

25,  851 

857 

1,775 

492 

15 

5,791 

770 

4,842 

297 

98, 045 


39 

34 

449 

21 

4, 936 

111 

1,254 

38 

253 

1,001 

48 

230 

34 

3,480 

431 

115 

162 

29 

304 

65 

209 

3,274 

2,979 

344 

20 

331 

106 

97 

60 

63 

3,586 

237 

29, 919 

44 

78 

2,078 

37 

301 

4,440 


132 
478 
30 
30 
36 
5,311 
72 
33 
75 


1,043 

220 

461 

45 


39 

24 

89 

26 

6,229 

108 

1,339 

75 

269 

1,243 

46 

2,694 

85 

4,342 

424 

255 

39 

59 

151 

136 

298 

3,451 

3,968 

446 

36 

393 

106 

113 

68 

104 

4,386 

46 

34, 072 

38 

53 

2,551 

41 

344 

5,023 

4 

637 

539 

28 

40 

47 

691 

127 

60 

101 

8 

1,124 

199 

711 

49 

105,  721 


455 

201 

507 

6,725 

6,947 

790 

56 

724 

212 

210 

128 

167 

7,972 

283 

63, 991 

82 

131 

4,629 

78 

645 

9.463 

4 

769 

1,017 

58 

70 

83 

6.002 

199 

93 

176 

8 

2,167 

419 

1,172 

94 

105, 721 


1  Residence  of  a  year  or  more  is  regarded  as  permanent  residence. 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      43 

rABLE  6. — Occupation  of  aliens  admitted  and  departed,  year  ended  June  80,  1929, 

by  classes 


Aliens  admitted 

Aliens  departed 

Occupation 

Immi- 
grant 

Nonim- 
migrant 

Total 

Emi- 
grant 

Nonemi- 
grant 

Total 

279, 678 

199,  649 

179,327 

69,  203 

I.S3.  L".I5 

252,  198 

10, 138 

23,  597 

33,  735 

3,680 

18,911 

22,  591 

222 

200 

915. 

29 

1,105 

1,604 

105 

378 

575 

394 

398 

140 

2,036 

2,037 

1,827 

567 

1,734 

174 

470 
4,  554 

985 
1,614 

856 
2,999 
1,353 

647 
3,591 
2,226 

2,049 

767 

2,649 

203 

1.  575 

6,  158 

1,090 

1,992 

1,431 

3,393 

1,751 

787 

5,  627 

4,263 

348 

127 
373 

112 
651 

59 
234 
138 
185 
196 

74 
499 
647 

1,244 

577 

1,692 

92 

298 
3,  650 

912 
1,221 

595 
1,513 
1,312 

277 
2,932 
2,596 

1,  592 

704 

2,065 

99 

440 

4,301 

971 

1.455 

733 

1,698 

1,508 

351 

3,431 

3,243 

Skilled,  total              

51,  341 

29,  345 

80,  686 

9,118 

24,  442 

33,  560 

1,622 

1,176 

634 

43 

6 

1,008 

154 

3,  505 

11 

147 

18 

13, 927 

1,346 

421 

147 

636 

59 

1,440 

155 

1,730 

1,629 

1,414 

1,129 

3,227 

328 
256 
333 

1,844 

1,569 
56 
153 
201 
356 
527 
106 

1, 006 
976 
147 
144 

1,569 

63 

203 

219 

23 

147 

215 

692 

7 

90 

4,527 

739 

737 

220 

31 

16 

435 

114 

2,519 

8 

379 

18 

8,079 

671 

807 

144 

518 

39 

742 

162 

359 

1, 095 

2,  275 

939 

1,503 

164 

60 

149 

633 

882 

37 

131 

102 

190 

294 

29 

283 

534 

180 

136 

734 

36 

68 

61 

39 

48 

115 

310 

3 

62 
1,  516 

2,361 

1,913 

854 

74 

22 

1,443 

268 

6,024 

19 

526 

36 

22,  006 

2.017 

1,228 
291 

1,  154 

98 
2,182 
317 
2,089 
2,724 
3,689 
2,068 
4,730 

492 

316 

482 

2,477 

2,  451 

93 
284 
303 
546 
821 
135 

1,289 

1,510 
327 
280 

2,303 
99 
271 
280 
62 
195 
330 

1,002 
10 
152 

6,043 

289 
253 

71 
9 
9 
147 
54 
859 

506 

517 

145 

6 

12 

357 

143 

1,996 

8 

343 

10 

7,688 

467 

746 

131 

491 

7 

308 

132 

33 

1,164 

2,091 

539 

1,  085 

74 

84 

100 

774 

669 

26 

89 

107 

136 

213 

8 

163 

266 

42 

30 

492 

31 

101 

52 

10 

47 

51 

231 

3 

187 

1,531 

795 

770 

216 

15 

21 

504 

197 

2,855 

8 

227 
3 

2,024 
193 

116 

52 

148 

5 

164 

26 

18 

472 

611 

241 

518 

22 
56 
31 

508 

283 
6 
34 
65 
66 
63 
7 
54 

202 
21 
10 

278 
10 
60 
26 

570 

13 

9,712 

660 

.ngineers  (locomotive,  marine,  and  sta- 

862 

183 

639 

12 

472 

158 

51 

1,636 

2,702 

780 

1,603 

letal  workers  (other  than  iron,  steel,  and 
tin)       

96 

140 

131 

1,282 

952 

32 

123 

172 

202 

276 

15 

217 

468 

63 

40 

770 

41 

161 

78 

10 

21 
32 

167 

2 

75 

510 

68 

83 

398 

5 

262 

2,041 

44      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table  6. — Occupation  of  aliens  admitted  and  departed,  year  ended  June  SO,  1929 , 

by  classes — Continued 


Occupation 


Miscellaneous,  total. 

Agents 

Bankers 

Draymen,  hackmen,  and  teamsters. 

Farmers 

Farm  laborers.. 

Fishermen 

Hotel  keepers 

Laborers 

M  anufacturers 

Merchants  and  dealers 

Servants 

Other  miscellaneous 

No   occupation    (including   women    and 
Children) 


Aliens  admitted 


Immi- 
grant 


98,  505 


1,427 

87 

891 

8,309 

19,849 

1,045 

81 

26,  192 

255 

2,884 

31,  841 

5,644 


119,  694 


Nonim- 
migrant 


79,438 


3,916 

1,485 

220 

4,498 

4,206 

455 

494 

19,  220 

1,385 

16,  890 

17, 176 

9,493 


67,  269 


Total 


177, 943 


5,343 

1,572 

1,111 

12, 807 

24,  055 

1,500 

575 

45,  412 

1,640 

19,  774 

49,  017 

15, 137 


186, 963 


Aliens  departed 


Emi- 
grant 


34, 112 


463 

145 

55 

1,332 

300 

102 

141 

23,  027 

172 

1,911 

4,313 

2,  151 


22, 293 


Nonemi- 
grant 


70,  675 


2,990 

1,497 

142 

4,214 

1,046 

413 

319 

22,  540 

1,464 

15,  793 

11,406 

8,851 


Total 


104, 78; 


3,453 

1,642 

197 

5,546 

l,34e 

51E 

46C 

45,  567 

1,636 

17,704 

15,  7K 

11,002 


91,  56C 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      45 


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West  Indian  (except  Cuban).. 

REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      53 


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REPORT   OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

'able  17 


55 


Emigrant   aliens   departed,    year   ended   June   30,    1929,    by   race  or 
people,  sex,  and  conjugal  condition 

[For  total,  by  race,  see  Table  18] 


Race  or  people 


Total. 


Sican  (black) 

rmenian 

jhemiarj      and      .Moravian 

fczecn) 

Ugarian,  Serbian,  and  Mon- 
tenegrin   

linese. 

aatian  and  Slovenian 

man     .- 

almatian,  Bosnian,  and  Her- 

zego  vinian 

itch  and  Flemish 

ist  Indian 

lglish 

nnish 

ench 

jrman 

•eek 

jbrew 

sh 


ilian  (north).-. -_ 

ilian  (south) 

panese 

jrean 

thuanian 

agyar 

exican 

.cific  Islander 

plish 

irtuguese 

imanian 

issian 

Shenian  (Russniak) 

andinavian      (Norwegians, 

Danes,  and  Swedes) 

otch 

)vak 

■anish 

anish  American 

Tian 

irkish 

elsh 

-est  Indian  (except  Cuban) .. 
•her  peoples 


Conjugal  condition 


Male 


Total 


46, 533 


186 
20 

931 

1,108 

3,  279 
144 
738 

213 

654 

63 

5,054 

280 

814 

4,079 

1,518 

125 

877 

3,  005 

7,  I'll 

657 

25 

169 

497 

4, 650 

2 

1,680 

1,645 

450 

385 

17 

1,790 

872 

328 

1,293 

1,078 

85 

46 

70 

310 

152 


Single 


308 

782 

51 

461 

92 

315 

37 

2,596 

132 

484 

2,510 

726 

38 

581 

82 1 

i  1,721 

257 

11 

67 

122 

3,164 

2 

419 

572 

116 

125 

6 

1,116 
412 

71 
654 
707 
40 
24 
39 
150 
82 


Mar- 
ried 


25, 547 


87 
5 

721 

776 

■2.  in; 

91 

261 

115 

324 

24 

2,380 

144 

310 

1,507 

778 

85 

282 

2,  114 

5,385 

398 

13 

96 

356 

1,358 


Wid- 
owed 


1,204 

1,047 

318 

254 

10 

634 

441 

245 

616 

363 

45 

21 

29 

158 


24 
12 
2 

14 

5 
15 

2 
73 

3 
17 
53 
14 

2 

12 

66 

136 

2 

1 

6 

18 
125 


Di 
vorced 


1 

40 

16 

3 

12 

23 

7 

1 

1 

2 

2 

2 

Female 


Total 


22, 670 


239 
6 


233 
217 
32 

428 


Single     ££■ 


9,222 


97 

1 

109 


11,875 


134 

53 

447 

142 

4 

2 

4,906 

2,266 

207 

100 

807 

392 

3, 304 

1,636 

275 

49 

64 

17 

782 

511 

821 

149 

1,366 

250 

274 

66 

7 

2 

101 

20 

323 

79 

2,522 

1,166 

1 

636 

109 

316 

57 

239 

44 

163 

35 

9 

2 

956 

489 

805 

352 

109 

24 

272 

117 

677 

324 

50 

18 

15 

8 

45 

23 

451 

193 

50 

16 

127 
5 

235 

165 

153 

23 

208 

78 

290 

2 

2, 368 

97 

355 

1,466 

207 

40 

238 

600 

1,003 

201 

5 

72 

204 

1,079 

1 

455 

238 

174 

111 

7 


Wid- 
owed 


1,534 


IS 


265 
10 
58 

194 
19 
7 
33 
72 

112 
7 


38 
270 


Di- 
vorced 


39 


56      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table  18. — Emigrant   aliens   de-parted,    year   ended   June   30,    1929,    by   race   or 
people  and  length  of  residence  in  the  United  States 

[For  total  race,  by  sex,  see  Table  16] 


Race  or  people 


Total 

African  (black) - 

Armenian 

Bohemian  and  Moravian  (Czech) 

Bulgarian,  Serbian,  and  Montenegrin 

Chinese 

Croatian  and  Slovenian.. 

Cuban 

Dalmatian,  Bosnian,  and  Herzegovinian 

Dutch  and  Flemish 

East  Indian 

English 

Finnish. 

French. 

German 

Greek 

Hebrew.. 

Irish 

Italian  (north) 

Italian  (south).. 

Japanese 

Korean. 

Lithuanian 

Magyar.. 

Mexican.. 

Pacific  Islander 

Polish. 

Portuguese 

Rumanian - 

Russian 

Ruthenian  (Russniak) 

Scandinavian    (Norwegians,    Danes,    and 

Swedes).- - 

Scotch 

Slovak 

Spanish ..- 

Spanish  American 

Syrian 

Turkish 

Welsh 

West  Indian  (except  Cuban)  - - 

Other  peoples... 

V 


Num- 
ber de- 
parted 


69, 203 


425 

26 

1,308 

1,341 

3,496 

176 
1,166 

347 

1, 101 

67 

9,960 

487 
1,621 
7,383 
1,793 

189 
1,659 
3,826 
8,610 

931 
32 

270 

820 

7,172 

3 

2,316 

1,961 

689 

548 
26 

2,746 

1,677 

437 

1,565 

1,755 

135 

61 

115 

761 

202 


Length  of  residence  in  the  LTnited  States 


1  to  5 
years 


43,  295 


217 

12 

644 

514 

969 

66 

937 

238 

761 

19 

7,084 

277 

1,129 

6,239 

477 

143 

1,130 

1,924 

4,920 

438 

12 

76 

342 

5,861 

1 

971 

959 

327 

261 

15 

2,000 

1,134 

211 

782 

1,432 

58 

34 

75 

479 

127 


5  to  10 

years 


14, 297 


133 

8 

374 

380 

1,121 

53 

132 

66 

227 

11 

1,833 

94 

253 

700 

680 

23 

270 

1,095 

2,286 

275 

8 

21 

174 


274 
635 
138 


440 
401 
122 
593 
248 
29 
11 
33 
194 
43 


10  to  15;  15  to  20 
years   |   years 


4,388  |     3,726 


43 

3 

93 

136 

315 

21 

41 

13 

35 

5 

455 

61 

75 

143 

285 

11 

73 

282 

514 

85 

4 

52 

103 

267 


227 

92 

95 

2 

110 
64 
27 

114 
46 
21 
10 
6 
60 
10 


17 

2 

117 

205 

279 

24 

24 

20 

37 

21 

298 

44 

70 

141 

251 

7 

72 

271 

506 

41 


66 
109 
136 
2 
434 
98 
76 
65 
2 


20  to  25 
years 


1,745 


49 

78 

150 

7 

15 


134 

9 

45 

72 

81 

3 

42 

158 

249 

55 

4 

31 

67 

36 


25  years 
and  over 


177 

71 

34 

8 

46 

If. 

26 

IE 

2 

REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      57 

Fable   19. — Nonemigrant  aliens  departed,  year  ended  June  30,  1929,  by  race  or 
people,  age,  and  conjugal  condition 

[For  total  race,  by  sex,  see  Table  46] 


Race  or  people 


Total. 

ifrican  (black) 

Spenian - 

phemian  and  Mora- 
vian (i  !zeeh)-. 

ralgarian,    Serbian, 
an<l  Montenegrin..  . 

'hinese. _ 

Croatian    and    Slove- 
nian  

'llI'liU       

lalmatian,     Bcsnian, 
and  Herzegovinian. . 

)uteb  and  Flemish 

;ast  Indian 

English 

"innish _ 

finch... 

ieriiian__ 

ireek. 

lebrew.. 

risii 

tali  .n  (north) 

(Mian  (south) 

■  anese 

Corea  n 

Lithuanian. 

/tagyar  

dexican 

pacific  Islander 

'wish 

•grtuguese '. 

Ipmanian 

jassii  n 

Ijltheni  ,n  (Russniak). 

.  in  (Ntrwe- 

[  i  n  ,     Danes,    an.i 

Swedes) 

Scotch 

Slovak.. 

Spanish  __ 

Spanish  A  i..(  rican 

Syrian 

Turkish 

.Yelsh 

A'est    Indian    (except 

Cuban) 

Dther  peoples .. 


Xum 
ber  de- 
parted 


1S3,  295 


1,351 
71 


1,  195 
5,380 

189 
6,802 

738 

3,685 

77 

53,  615 

2,030 

8,  221 

19,  637 

1,  669 

1,389 

6,011 

4,849 

10,  253 

8,812 

49 

330 

1,  096 

3,  328 


Age 


Under 
16 

years 


99 
5 

70 

30 
301 

12 
817 

25 
210 

3,  321 
71 
434 
780 
49 
132 
224 
307 
473 


3,011 

96 

1,811 

54 

941 

27 

1,431 

127 

S6 

12 

10,523 

348 

7,544 

664 

s;  3 

41 

5,411 

286 

5,  072 

646 

406 

46 

127 

6 

403 

34 

16  to 

21 
years 


8,972 


22  to 
29 

years 


41,365 


2,  636 
418 


313 

16: 


29 
126 


21 

162 

6 

2,302 

48 

445 

983 

40 

156 

279 

152 

230 

229 

2 

7 

36 
423 
3 
73 
35 
34 
92 
11 


430 

316 

21 

207 

495 
38 
4 
17 

258 
14 


30  to 
37 

years 


399 
23 

354 

151 

1,  263 

24 

1,629 

161 

781 

22 

10,  080 

502 

1,793 

6, 488! 

266 

359 

1,976 

968| 

1,6361 

1,390 

111 

51 

211 

900| 

2 

377 

4791 

144J 

264; 

.19 


3,378 

1,  651 

183 

1,268 

1,223 
118 

MS 
72 


38  to 

44 
years 


45 
years 
and 
over 


30,165    44,296 


346 

16 


391 
1,510 

51 

1,444 

2!2 

1,103 

19 

12,  345 

2,  212 
5,775 
558 
263 
1,481 
1,540 
:;,  2i  6 

2,  11(3 

9 

90 

306 

604 

1 

914 

635 

281 

396 

24 


2,830 

1,598 

282 

1,  629 

1,270 

91 

43 


624 

134 


166 
6 

380 

309 

857 

44 
1,  056 

152 

002 

8 

8,  749 

428 

1,  345 

2,  317 
3% 
182 
716J 
896 

2.  390 

1,942 

6 

86 

193 

426 

1 

731 

364 

227 

25- 

14 


1,565 

9*1 

157 

1,077 

593 

55 

21 

60 

339 

81 


Conjugal  condition 


Single 


76,  496 


224 

16 

365 

285 
1,033 

52] 
1,  077 1 

137 

827 

17 

16,  818 

296 

1,962 

3,294 

370 

297 

1,  335 

986 

2,268 

2,977 

21 

88 

321 

604 

1 

820 

244 

228 

295 

6 


1,972 

2,334 

169 

944 

845 

58 

15 

131 

494 
70 


532 


321 
1,131 


3,088 

316 

1,458 

36 

22,  798 

995 

3,791 

9, 585 

652 

630 

3,844 

1.  784 

2,767 

1,604 

17 

117 

346 

1,657 


624 

223 

549 

39 


3,519 

217 

2,404 

2,472 

204 

63 

166 

1,201 
176 


Mar- 
ried 


101,  269 


734 
36 

1,246 

844 
4,240 

133 
3,595 

400 

2,123 

36 

28,  860 

993 

4,133 

9, 545 

998 

684 

1,937 

3,133 

7,2:11 

7,  125 

30 

200 

691 

1,  449 

1 

2,  049 
1,130 

675 
846 
44 


4,447 
3,605 

606 
2,903 
2,486 

191 
60 

214 

1,359 
237 


Wid- 
owed 


5,  317 


108 

21 

95 

5 

1,907 

40 

273 

476 

18 

67 

222 

130 

232 

77 

2 

12 

52 

214 


22 1 
416 

27 
11)1 
110 

11 
4 

23 

72 
5 


Divor- 
ced 


213 


75209—29- 


58      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table  20. — Nonemigrant  aliens  departed,  year  ended  June  SO,  1929,  by  race  or 
people,  and  length  of  residence  in  the  United  States 


Num- 
ber de- 
parted 

Length  of  residence  in  the  United  States 

Race  or  people 

Less 

than  1 

year 

1  to  5 
years 

5  to  10 
years 

10  to  15 

years 

15  to  20 
years 

20  to  25 
years 

25  years 
and  over 

Total --. 

183,  295 

105,  721 

46,  362 

17,  226 

5,237 

4,355 

2,627 

1,767 

1,351 

71 

1,827 

1,195 

5,390 

189 

6,802 

738 

3,685 

77 

53,615 

2,030 

8,221 

19,  637 

1,669 

1,389 

6,011 

4,849 

10,  253 

8,812 

49 

330 

1,096 

3,328 

8 

3,011 

1,811 

941 

1,431 

86 

10,523 

7,544 

853 

5,411 

5, 072 

406 

12/ 

403 

2,636 

418 

670 
30 

587 

245 

4,765 

66 

6,428 

353 

2,234 

65 

39, 952 

702 

5,267 

8,728 

454 

1, 154 

2,546 

1,871 

2,824 

2,294 

12 

97 

423 

2,544 

8 

931 

325 

284 

938 

77 

4,154 
4,400 

244 
2,489 
4,633 

318 
82 

272 
2,086 

169 

181 
22 
666 

407 
157 
54 
304 

245 

942 

6 

10,093 

580 

2,319 

9,089 

388 

127 

2,134 

1,335 

3,818 

1,363 

11 

79 

280 

345 

289 

14 

337 

251 

226 

26 

38 

68 

308 

2 

2,289 

336 

400 

1,090 

372 

41 

830 

975 

2,192 

2,234 

8 

17 

145 

220 

99 
3 

67 

90 
64 

10 
13 

32 
70 

516 
193 

86 
289 
232 

30 
165 
215 
515 
998 
2 

37 

66 
106 

73 

93 

115 
36 
26 
12 

24 

91 

3 

368 

155 

56 
218 
166 

18 
157 
258 
547 
480 
1 

68 
118 

68 

24 

1 

50 

72 

25 

6 

3 

10 

21 

1 

203 

48 

52 

117 

49 

10 

86 

135 

270 

824 

10 

22 

52 

45 

15 

1 

Bohemian  and  Moravian  (Czech)... 
Bulgarian,  Serbian,  and  Montene- 

27 
15 

117 

1 

4 

Dalmatian,  Bosnian,  and  Herzego- 

6 

IS 

194 

If 

41 

ioe 

£ 

c 

9J 

6( 

8: 

61£ 

1( 

L 

Polish 

801 
707 
251 
284 
2 

4,422 

2,450 

293 

1,337 

359 

26 

20 

96 

252 

117 

232 

485 

151 

80 

3 

1,215 
522 
203 

1,258 
50 
24 
12 
25 
179 
79 

354 
144 
88 
50 

1 

296 
69 
27 

193 
20 

4 

57 
24 

463 
94 

103 

50 

2 

202 
72 

55 

77 

18 
8 
4 

32 
17 

167 
33 
53 
22 
1 

116 

20 

24 

26 

2 

8 

1 
13 

5 

6: 
2; 
i: 

Scandinavian  (Norwegians,  Danes, 

Hi 

l: 

3: 
1] 

Turkish ... 

West  Indian  (except  Cuban) 

REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION       59 


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Yugoslavia _ _ 

Asia,  total. ... 

China 

India. ... 

Japan .. 

Palestine 

Syria _ _ 

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America,  total  

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Mexico.. 

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78      REPROT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


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114       REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


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124      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


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Lithuanian- 

Mexican 

Polish 

Portuguese 

Rumanian. 

Russian 

Hulhenian  (Russniak) . .. 

Scandinavian      (Norwe- 

rians,       Danes,      and 

Swedes).. 

Scotch.... 

Slovak 

Spanish 

Spa nish  A merican 

Syrian  ._ 

Turkish 

Welsh 

West      Indian      (except 

Cuban) 

Other  peoples 

144      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table  52. — Aliens  debarred  from  entering  the  United  States,  year  ended  June  30, 
1929,  showing  number  rejected  at  the  land  border  stations  and  at  the  seaports  of 
entry,  by  catises  and  sex 


Cause 

Num- 
ber de- 
barred 

Land  border  stations 

Seaports 

Male 

Female 

Total 

Male 

Female 

Total 

Total 

18,  127 

11,296 

4,798 

16,  094 

1,790 

243 

2,033 

1 
2 
18 
1 
1 
171 

100 

269 

1 

77 
1 
9 

16 
45 
16 

2 
35 

9 

16 
11 
14 

180 

8,427 
8,244 

15 
446 

1 
6 

1 

11 

1 

1 

14 

3 
28 

1 
3 

5 

1 

3 

1 

7 

46 

38 
55 

4 
20 

1 

1 
1 

1 
1 

1 

Insane  or  have  been  insane 

17 

Epileptic 

1 

1 

Loathsome  or  dangerous  contagious  disease. ._ 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  mental  or  physical 

defect    (not   specified)    which   may   effect 

alien's  ability  to  earn  a  living       

96 

58 
99 

19 

15 
123 

115 

73 
222 

42 

24 

19 

1 

6 

56 
27 

Likely  to  become  public  charges. ._ 

47 

Vagrant 

1 

Contract  laborers 

68 

3 

71 

6 

1 

Accompanying  aliens  (under  sec.  18) 

3 

6 
21 
10 

3 

3 
I        12 

4 

6 

9 
33 
14 

2 
11 

2 

2 
10 

1 

5 
2 

7 

107 

233 
898 

10 
401 

3 

Under  16  years  of  age,  unaccompanied  by 

7 

12 

Had  been  deported 

2 

Poly  gamists 

2 

Criminals. 

13 
3 

9 

7 

9 

4 

2 
2 

22 

7 

11 
9 

13 

Immoral  classes     . 

2 

Under  immigration  act  of 192 % 
Under  sec.  17 

5 

2 

14 

Not  nonimmigrants  or  nonquota  immigrants 
(aliens  eligible  to  citizenship),  as  specified 
in  visa 

23 

5,375 
5,485 

18 

4 

2,781 
1,806 

1 

7 

27 

8,156 
7,291 

1 
25 

153 

Nonimmigrants    or    nonquota    immigrants 

(aliens  eligible  to  citizenship)  without  visa... 

Quota  immigrants  without  visa 

271 
953 

Aliens  ineligible  to  citizenship  with  improper 
visa  

14 

Aliens  ineligible  to  citizenship  without  visa 

421 

REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION       145 

Table  53. — Aliens  debarred  from  entering  the  United  States,  year  ended  June  SO, 
1929,  showing  number  rejected  at  the  land  border  stations  and  at  the  seaports  of 
entry,  by  race  or  people  and  sex 

Race  or  people 

Num- 
ber do- 
barred 

Land  border  stations 

Seaports 

Male 

Female 

Total 

Male 

Female 

Total 

Total           -. 

18, 127 

11,296 

4,798 

16,  094 

1,790 

243 

2,033 

335 

40 

44 

123 

384 

76 

28 

3 

240 

20 

2,684 

107 

1.  655 

1,354 

111 

610 

1,394 

222 

223 

61 

5 

81 

347 

3,131 

683 

159 

117 

219 

417 

795 

1,357 

483 

197 

116 

82 

5 

108 

28 

83 

41 
19 
29 
94 
3 
53 

2 

165 

10 

1,730 

43 

1,147 

923 

42 

340 

989 

159 

96 

5 

1 

58 

294 

1,863 

529 

7 

96 

22 
12 
12 
10 
1 
6 
1 

62 
3 

«3 
31 
41 
104 
4 

59 

1 

2 

227 

13 

238 
7 
3 
19 
360 
14 
24 
1 
10 

62 

5 

19 

98 

42 

42 

16 

33 

102 

46 

1 

6 

10 

34 

28 

150 

2 

32 

3 

45 

26 

9 

138 

82 

25 

4 

8 

17 

22 

34 
2 

20 
3 
3 

3 

13 
9 
7 

22 
2 
8 
4 
2 
9 
7 
3 

2 
1 
10 
1 
1 
5 

4 
8 

8 
24 
13 

11 

4 

272 

9 

3 

19 

380 

17 

27 

Dalmatian,  Bosnian,  and  Herzegovinian 

1 
13 

7 

English      

879 

2,609 

75 

50 
482 
311 

25 
220 
385 

28 

16 
3 

17 
41 
1,233 
116 
1 
18 

93 

1,629 

1,234 

67 

560 

1,374 

187 

112 

8 

1 

75 

335 

3,096 

645 

8 

114 

182 

414 

746 

1,323 

474 

51 

10 

44 

1 

100 

14 

26 

120 

44 

50 

Irish      

20 

35 

111 

53 

4 

6 

12 

35 

Polish.                                        

38 

151 

Q 

137             45 

37 

Ruthenian  (Russniak)..  

Scandinavian     (Norwegians,     Danes,     and 

314 

539 

918 

446 

44 

6 

32 

1 

69 

100 

207 
405 
28 
7 
4 
12 

31 

3 

49 

34 

Slovak  

9 

146 

106 

38 

Turkish 

4 

Welsh 

8 

West  Indian  (except  Cuban)    

28 

52 

5 

57 

26 

146      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


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REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION       147 

Table  55. — Permanent  residents  of  contiguous  foreign  territory  applying  for  tem- 
porary sojourn  in  the  United  States  refused  admission,  year  ended  June  30,  1929, 
by  causes 


Cause 


Total _ 

Idiot 

Feeble-minded,. 

Insane 

Epileptics--. 

Constitutional  psychopathic  inferiority - 

Surgeon's  certificate  of  mental  or  physical  defect .'. 

Tuberculosis  (noncontagious) 

Loathsome  or  dangerous  contagious  disease - , 

Chronic  alcoholism 

Likely  to  become  public  charges.. 

Vagrant 

Contract  laborers 

Assisted  aliens 

Coming  in  consequence  of  advertisements 

Accompanying  aliens  (under  sec.  18) 

Under  lti  years  of  age,  unaccompanied  by  parent 

Criminals... 

Polygamist 

Anarchists 

Prostitutes  and  aliens  coming  for  any  immoral  purpose 

Aliens  who  are  supported  by  or  receive  proceeds  of  prostitution 

Aliens  who  procure  or  attempt  to  bring  in  prostitutes  or  females  for  any 

immoral  purpose 

Had  been  deported  or  debarred 

Unable  to  read  (over  16  years  of  age) 

Without  proper  visa  under  immigration  act  of  1924 


Total 


S.438 


1 

11 

21 

20 

27 

248 

9 

338 

3 

2,332 

1 

41 

15 

4 

142 

50 

192 

1 

ir. 
59 
14 

31 

84 

£80 

4,098 


Canadian 
border 


6,  309 


1 

8 
17 
18 
22 
66 

9 
47 

3 
1,  564 

1 
38 
15 

4 

29 
46 
103 

1 
16 
45 

5 

19 

82 

482 

3,668 


Mexican 
border 


2,129 


3 
4 
2 
5 

182 


768 


113 

4 


12 

2 

198 

430 


148      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


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152      REPORT  OF  THE   COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


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156      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


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172      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table  65. —  Aliens  granted  hospital  treatment  under  sections  18  and  22,  year  ended 
June  30,  1929,  by  principal  race  or  people,  as  specified 


s 

Total 

Chi- 
nese 

He- 
brew 

Japa- 
nese 

All 
others 

Number  granted  treatment 

253 

184 

8 

37 

24 

Diseases: 

Trachoma . . 

9 
222 
22 

224 
10 
13 
6 

220 
5 
3 
3 
9 
13 

70 
15 
25 
9 
134 

170 
83 

48 

192 

13 

1 

181 

2 

16G 
10 
2 
6 

179 

3 

5 
5 

36 
1 

36 

Uncinariasis _ 

- 

Other  diseases 

14 

Result  of  treatment  and  disposition: 

Cured  and  admitted 

17 

Cured  but  cases  not  yet  disposed  of 

Still  under  treatment 

3 

1 

7 

Otherwise  disposed  of. 

Length  of  treatment: 

Under  1  month 

35 
1 

6 

Under  2  months 

4 

Under  3  months 

3 

Under  4  months 

3 

4  to  10  months 

2 

51 
7 

18 

4 

104 

128 
56 

30 

149 

5 

5 
3 

6 

2 

6 
2 

7 

1 

1 

1 
6 
4 
1 

25 

19 
18 

30 

7 

4 

Still  under  treatment,  length  of  time  not  stated. 

By  whom  expenses  were  paid: 

Parent 

12 

2 

Self 

3 

Relative 

2 

Other.   _ 

Sex: 

Male 

17 

Female... 

Age: 

11 

13 

45  years  and  over 

Table  66. — -Aliens  granted  hospital  treatment  under  sections  18  and  22,  year  ended 
June  30,  1929,  by  ports,  as  specified 


Diseases 

Result  of  treatment 
and  disposition 

Length  of  treatment 

03 

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Total 

253 

9 

222 

22 

224 

10 

13 

6 

220 

5 

3 

3 

9 

13 

New  York,  N.  Y_. 

26 

145 

82 

8 
1 

140 

82 

18 
4 

16 
142 
66 

10 

10 
2 
1 

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5 

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REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


173 


Table    67. — Comparison   between   alien    arrivals    and    head-tax   settlements,    year 

ended  June  30,  1929 

Immigrant  aliens  admitted 279,  678 

Nonimmigrant  aliens  admitted 199,  649 

Aliens  debarred 18,  127 

Aliens  admitted  from  insular  possessions  or  mainland  ports.  6,  103 

Aliens  debarred  from  insular  possessions 22 

Aliens  arriving  from  foreign  ports  who  died  before  being 

admitted  or  debarred 14 

Erroneous  head-tax  settlements 2,  120 


Head-tax  cases  pending  beginning  of  year *•  40,  749 

Exempt  from  head-tax  payments,  as  follows: 

In  transit  (groups) 4,  625 

Other  transits  (includes  4,590  Chinese  in  transit  under 

bond  across  land  territory  of  the  United  States) 44,  484 

One-year  residents  of  Canada,  Newfoundland,  Mexico, 

and  Cuba,  coming  for  a  temporary  stay 6,  628 

Domiciled  aliens  returning 5,  420 

Government  officials  and  consular  passengers 6,  292 

Alien  residents  of  the  Philippine  or  Virgin  Islands.--  1,  236 
Aliens  from  Porto  Rico  and  Hawaii  who  reached  said 
islands  prior  to  July  1,  1907,  or  subsequent  to  May 

1,1917. . 2,293 

Aliens  admitted  to  Porto  Rico  and  Hawaii  from  main- 
land (continental  United  States) 2,  347 

Under  16  years  of  age,  accompanied  by  parents 50,  588 

Exemptions  on  account  of  aliens  debarred 17,  479 

Citizens  erroneously  manifested 1,  931 

Total 143,  323 

Head-tax  payments  pending  at  close  of  year 41,  474 


546,  462 


184,  797 


Aliens  on  whom  head  tax  was  paid  (2  taxed  at  $2  each,  20  at  S4  each, 

and  361,643  at  $8  each) 361,  665 

Amount  of  head  tax  collected  during  the  year $2,  893,  228 

Table  68. — Alien  stowaways  found  on  board  vessels  arriving  at  ports  of  the  United 
States,  year  ended  June  80,  1929,  by  ports  or  districts 


Total 1,073 


New  York,  N.  Y 

Boston,  Mass 

Philadelphia,  Pa- 
Baltimore,  Md._ 

Portland,  Me 

Providence,  R.  I. 

Norfolk,  Va 

Savannah,  Ga 

Miami,  Fla 

Key  West,  Fla_. 
Charleston,  S.  C. 


582 

33 

70 

64 

4 

11 

14 

3 

4 

13 

20 


Tampa,  Fla 

Pensacola,  Fla 

Mobile,  Ala 

New  Orleans,  La 

Galveston,  Tex 

Houston,  Tex 

Port  Arthur,  Tex._. 
San  Francisco,  Calif. 

Portland,  Oreg 

Seattle,  Wash 

Los  Angeles,  Calif.. 

Hawaii 

Porto  Rico 


3 

9 
9 
92 
36 
2 
4 


19 
27 
13 
25 


1  The'difference  of  2,184  in  excess  of  pending  cases  shown  for  the  preceding  year  is  due  to  a  change  in  the 
accounting  system  of  one  of  the  field  offices. 


174      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table  69. — Japanese  aliens  applied  for  admission,  admitted,  debarred,  deported, 
and  departed,  years  ended  June  30,  1928  and  1929  l 


Applicants  for  admission 

Admitted 

Debarred  from  entry  . . . 

Deported  after  entry 

Departures 


1928 


Conti- 
nental 
United 
States 


6,012 

5,935 

77 

108 

8,016 


Hawaii 


1,784 

1,777 

7 


Conti- 
nental 
United 

States 


2,653 


6,348 

6,293 

55 

2 

7,281 


Hawaii 


1,991 
1,985 


2, 462 


1  Admissions  include  both  immigrant  and  nonimmigrant  aliens;  departures  include  both  emigrant  and 
nonemigrant  aliens.  During  the  year  ended  June  30,  1929,  37  Koreans  were  admitted  to  Hawaii,  none  de- 
barred, and  47  departed  therefrom;  69  Koreans  were  admitted  to  continental  United  States,  5  were  debarred, 
2  were  deported  after  entry,  and  34  departed  therefrom. 

Table  70. — Increase  or  decrease  of  Japanese  population  by  alien  admissions  and 
departures,  years  ended  June  30,  1928  and  1929,  by  months  l 


Continental  United  States 

Hawaii 

Month 

Ad- 
mitted 

De- 
parted 

Increase 
(+)  or  de- 
crease (—) 

Ad- 
mitted 

De- 
parted 

Increase 
(+) or  de 
crease  (—] 

Total,  fiscal  year  1928 

5,935 

8,016 

-2, 081 

1,777 

.2,  653 

-87( 

July 

478 
568 
594 
475 
364 
398 
262 
356 
613 
654 
609 
564 

326 
686 
731 
929 
1,137 
776 
486 
498 
748 
609 
535 
555 

+152 
-118 
-137 
-454 
-773 
-378 
-224 
-142 
-135 
+45 
+74 
+9 

117 
239 
223 
123 
238 
170 
77 
109 

209 
215 
302 
221 
197 
114 
75 
88 

-9: 

+a 

-7! 

-i 

+43 

+a 

+3 

+2) 

(2) 

119 

71 

291 

318 
333 

581 

-19' 

May 

—26: 

-29(i 

Total,  fiscal  year  1929 

6,293 

7,281 

-988 

1,985 

2,462 

-47; 

July  .     

674 
450 
655 
487 
354 
400 
301 
465 
676 
669 
598 
564 

479 
402 
880 
956 
816 
741 
555 
586 
151 
298 
876 
541 

+195 
+48 
-225 
-469 
-462 
-341 
-254 
-121 
+525 
+371 
-278 
+23 

251 

261 

-u 

183 
338 
165 
233 

81 
117 

221 
557 
108 
59 
90 
97 

-3S 

-2K 

+57 

+174 

—  c 

+2( 

C-) 

96 
120 
401 

272 
524 
273 

-17f 

May 

-401 

+12J 

1  Admissions  include  both  immigrant  and  nonimmigrant  aliens;  departures  include  both  emigrant  and 
nonemigrant  aliens. 

2  Figures  for  this  month  included  with  later  month. 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION       175 

Table  71. — Occupations  of  Japanese  aliens  admitted  and  departed,   year  ended 
June  SO,  1929,  as  specified 


Occupation 

Continental 

United  States 

Hawaii 

Occupation 

Continental          TTowoii 
United  States        "aw<m 

Ad-       De- 
mitted:  parted 

Ad- 
mitted 

De- 
parted 

Ad- 

mitted 

De-       Ad-   1    De- 
parted mitted  parted 

All  occupations. 

6,293 

7,281 

1,985 

2,462 

Metal  workers  (other 
than    iron,    steel, 

2 

2 
5 

1,075 

923 

202 

183 

i 

1 
1            l 

1 

total  - 

S 
4 

55 

5 

86 

16 

122 
8 

66 
12 

411 

56 

6 

175 
57 

86 

51 
9 

109 
13 

63 
7 

262 
61 
2 
131 
]  22 

74 

5 

'  39 

3 

i 

8 

1 

10 
2 

39 
6 

84 

1 

23 

1 

1 

6 
2 

2 

11 

45 
7 

Painters  and  glaziers. 
Fliot  ographers. 

8 

12 

8          10            7 

-   4 

Clergv 

1 

3 

1 

1 

3 

3             4             "> 

3 

4  ,           1 
2             2 

1 
1 
4 
14 

1 

Sinkers 

1 

13           11 

12 

1 

1 

Watch     and     clock 

1 

4 

Sculptors  and  artists. 

Weavers   and  spin- 

1              2 

Other  professional. .. 

Woodworkers     (not 

2 

69 

1 
62 

Skilled,  total. . 

481 

424 

175 

228 

Other  skilled 

Miscellaneous, 

1 

1 

Bakers 

4l 

3 

3 

4 

3 

10 
3 
1 

65 
2 

60 
5 

4 
5 
1 

2,603 

3,447 

798 

1,120 

dressers 

24           23 

66 

36 

6 

448 

488 

83 

87 

81 
50 

3 

349 

130 

72 

71 

12 
2 

23 
118 
317 

29 

4 

143 

14 

1 

8 

1 

Carpenters  and  join- 

6 

58 
1 

38 
1 

2 
5 

Draymen,  hackmen, 

43 

61 

Clerks  and  account- 

212 
3 

16 
66 
3 

1 

124 
1 

45 
86 

Farm  laborers 

3 
22 

Hotel  keepers.. 

3 

206     1,700 
10 

820 

Manufacturers 

Merchants  and  deal- 

stationary)... 

834 

75 

264 

755 
69 
157 

91 

58 

1 

79 

69 

Iron  and  steel  work- 

1 
1 

Other  miscellaneous. 

No   occupation   (in- 
cluding    women 
and  children) 

• 

5 

2,  134 

2,487 

810 

1 
4 
9 

9 

18 

931 

2 
1 

12 

4 

7 

15 

Mechanics  (not  spec- 
ified)  

11 

7 

176      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 
Table  72. — Miscellaneous  Chinese  transactions,  year  ended  June  SO,  1929,  by  ports 


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United  States  citizens  (Chinese)  admitted.. 
Alien  Chinese  admitted 

3,534 

3,428 
376 

4,590 

8 

1,601 

3 

1,637 

184 

12 

16 

3,  ?09 

106 
165 
34 

1,404 

2 

178 
55 
25 

1,714 

1,487 
162 

959 

2 

1,532 

2 

557 

179 

10 

11 

1,387 

1,065 
1,301 

26 

122 
26 
44 

1,120 

42 

59 

1 

650 

4 

307 

2 



333 

Alien  Chinese  debarred 

12 

3 

5 

Chinese  granted  the  privilege  of  transit  in 
bond  across  land  territory  of  the  United 
States. 

431 

Chinese  denied  the  privilege  of  transit  in 
bond  across  land  territory  of  the  United 
States 

Chinese  granted  the  privilege  of  transit  by 

38 

31 

Chinese  denied  the  privilege  of  transit  by 

1 
129 

Chinese  with  return  certificates  departing: 

8 

568 

23 

35? 

Merchants 

2 

2 
4 

53 

Students 

851 

1 

326 

148 

444 

Table  73. — Aliens  admitted  to  continental  United  States  (mainland)  from  insular 
possessions,  and  to  insular  possessions  from  mainland  and  from  other  insular 
possessions,  year  ended  June  SO,  1929,  by  ports 


Total 

From— 

Arriving  at — 

Porto    1    Virgin 
Rico     1   Islands 

Philip- 
Hawaii        pine 
Islands 

Guam 

Main- 
land 

6,103 

1,619  :           292 

1,752 

92 

1 

2,347 

New  York,  N.  Y    . 

1,753 

1 

2 

1 

4 

1 

1,051- 

6 

21 

31 

731 

1,544 

957 

1,010              139 
1    

2. 

2 

2  j 

1    

4    

1    

995 
6 

55 

1 

11 

10 

20                11 
718 

Mexican  border  seaports 



1 

1,543 

153 



804 

REPORT  OF  THE   COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION       177 

ble  U-irrivals  in  and  departures  from  the  Philippine  Islands,  years  ended 
L  June  80,  1928  and  1929,  as  specified 


Class 


1928 


Admitted 


Departed 


Mule 


Grand  total 28,432 

Total    from   and   to 
foreign  countries.  -  -  23,  3/9 

,iens 19-618 

tizens  of: 
Continental  United 

States !•  192 

Philippine  Islands 2,634 

Hawaii. -- 

Other    insular   posses- 
sions  


Fe- 
male 


6.991 


4,494 


Total  Male 


35,  423  37.  200 


•27,  S73  17,  795 


2,829  22,447  14,316 


Fe- 
male 


Total 


4,757 


3,242 


1,437 


42,  017 


1929 


Admitted 


Male 


Fe- 
male 


Total 


30,120,  7,500 


Departed 


Male 


37.  020 


21,037  23,753 


15,  753 


951    2.  053    1, 069       949    2, 018 
713    3,  347   2,  407|      856|  3,  263 
l|        26  3 


19, 964 


1,225 


Total  from  and  to 
United  States  and 
its  insular  posses- 
sions  


liens 

itizens  of: 

Continental  United 
States. - ■ 

Philippine  Islands 

Hawaii - 

Other  insular  posses- 
sions  


5.053 


1,059 
3,889 


2,497    7,550119,465    1,515 


5,  079 


28,  832  20,  522 


3,045 


1,194 


2, 542,      840 
21 


41.325 


r&TotaI 


5,  301  46,  626 


23,009:16,468 


2, 419       949 

3,  382   3.  104 

21 


3,  778' 24,  300 
1,912  18,380 


8811  1,830 
985:  4,089 


20, 980 


41       128 


44 


1,  563    2,  622j      851    1, 17 

8821  4,771118,555       294 


W 


2,028 

IS,  849 


6,36; 


101 


1,030 

5,210 

22 


2,421    8,788  20,803 


1,  523 


71 

1,626 

708 

16 


175 


58 


2, 6561      833       914 
5,  918!  19,  901       5" 

381         4.... 


22,  326 


1,747 
20, 478 
4 


178      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table :  75.— Aliens  admitted  to  and  aliens  departed,  debarred,  and  deported  from  th 
PhUtpjnne  Islands,  years  ended  June  80,  1928  and  1929,  by  classes  as  spewed 


Class 


192S 


Admitted 


Departed 


Im- 
mi- 
grant 


Total. 


Sex: 

Male. 

Female... 
Age: 

Under  14  years 

14  to  44  years 

45  years  and  over 

Literacy: 

Can  read  and  write.  __ 
Can  not  read  or  write. 

Races: 

Chinese 


11, 161 
2,314 

2,373 
10,  663 

439 

6,345 
7,130 

..    9,353 
East  Indian ng 

213 
130 
3,006 
309 
345 


Non- 
immi-  Total 
grant 


13,475   8,972 


8,457 
515 

163 

7,963 

846 


22,  447 


19,  618 
2,829 

2,536 

18,  626 
1,285 


Emi- 
grant 
grant 


1,063 


English.  _. 

German 

Japanese 

Spanish ~.}lll 

AH  others.. 
Occupations: 

Professional 

Skilled ..III"'" 

Farmers ""' 

Farm  laborers ..... 

Laborers 

Merchants  and  dealers 

Miscellaneous. 

No  occupation " 

Last  permanent  residence 
of  aliens  admitted  and 
future  permanent  resi- 
dence of  aliens  departed: 

Europe 

Asia .'I'll 

Philippine  Islands"."."."! 

All  others. 


245 

23 

1,974 

17 


8,  993 


580 
12,  826 


3,186    9,531 
5,  786  12,  916 


7,567 
36 
311 
83 
404 
184 
387 

294 

203 

8 

129 

5,576 

1, 
137 
816 


204 

409 

8,306 

53 


16,  920 
155 
524 
213 
3,410 
493 
732 

592 
448 
31 
2,103 
5,593 
2,776 
1,095 


$20 
243 

L59 
763 

141 


Non- 
emi- 
grant 


14,  690 


13, 496 
1,194 

927 
11,942 
1,821 


Total 


15,  753  11, 


1929 


Admitted 


Im- 
mi- 
grant 


784 

13,  235 

8,306 

122 


27 
50 
67, 
31 
577 
235 
76 

79, 

99 

13l 

280 

41 
157 

36| 
358 


Total 

Races: 

Chinese 

East  Indian 

English 

Japanese... 


Debarred 


213 
5 


12,  849 
77 
462 
103 
584 
122 
493 

346 

207 
8 

107 
8,276 
2,807 

186 
2,753 


14, 316 
1,437 


12,  705 
1, 


9,551 
2,417 


Non- 
immi- 
grant 


11,041 


10,  413 
628 


2, 272       436 

8,901    9,468 
795    1,137 


325 

1,389 

212,874 

102 


12,  876 
127 
529 
134 
1,161 
357 
569 

425 

306 

21 

387 

8,317 


11,017 
951 

8,444 
158 
393 
101 

2,150 
197 
525 


373 

841, 

43 1 

1,  059, 


Total 


Departed 


Emi- 
grant 


23,009    4,679 


19,  964 
3,045 

2,708 
18,  369 
1,932 


10, 041  21,  058 
1,000   1,951 


,941 
62 
227 
65 
380 
177 
189 


2,  964|  3, 152 
2221      774 

3,  llli  5,690 


L50 

366 

10 

81 

361  3,373 

3, 

1,345 
2, 


665       563 

2,08711,256 
12,874... 
127l       149 


142 

1,678 

■  9,088 

133 


18,  385 
220 
620 
166 
2,530 
374 
714 

523 

1,207 

53 

1,140 

3,409 

6,  780 
2,119 
7,778 


4,112 
567 

392 

3,907 

380 


Non- 
emi- 
grant 


13,  701 


3,305 
40 
92 
25 

820 
277 
120 

85 
164 
210 
144 
167 
993 
1,924 


12,  356 
1,345 

973 
11, 106 
1,622 


Tota 


IS,  38i 


10, 46! 

i,9i: 

l,36i 

is,  oi; 
2,00: 


11,757 
85 
579 
130 
523 
138 
489 

367 
1,116 
73 
54 
2,611 
2,604 
3,620 


705 
12,  934 


282 


Deported 


Debarred 


992   3,256 


373 
4,267 


89 


15, 061 

12; 

67: 

15; 

1,34; 

41! 
60! 

45: 

1,28C 

28? 

198 

2,778 
3,  597 
5,544 
4,248 


467  840 
3,100  7,367 
29,945|  9,945 

1891      S  ~ 


Deported 


161 


150 
2 


1  fnfPndnPiHgfntr^ilip,pi?.e>,^lands  aTft,er  temporary  absence  therefrom. 
Intended  to  return  to  Philippine  Islands  after  a  temporary  absence  therefrom. 


37 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      179 


able  76 — Net  increase  of  population,   by  admission  and  departure  of  aliens, 
years  ended  June  80,  1908  to  1929 


Admitted 


Period  or  year 


Grand    total,    22 
years,  190S-1929. 


Immigrant 


12, 177, 546 


Nonim- 
migrant 


3,  437, 379 


Total 


15, 614, 925 


782,  870 

751,  786 

1,041.570 


Total    10    years, 
1911-1920 


Total     5     years, 
1921-1925 


5,735,811 


878,  587 
838, 172 
1, 197, 892 
1,  218, 480 
320,  700 
298, 826 
295, 403 
110,618 
141.  132 
430, 001 


2,  638,  913 


141, 825 
192, 449 
156, 467 


1,  376,  271 


805,  228 
309,  556 
522, 919 
706,  896 
294, 314 


Total     4     years, 
1926-1929 


1,  226,  596 


304,  488 
335, 175 
307,  255 
279,  678 


151,713 

178, 983 

229,  335 

184,  601 

107,  544 

67,  922 

67,  474 

101,  235 

95, 889 

191,575 


782,  898 


924,  695 

944,  235 

1, 198, 037 


7,112,082 


1, 030,  300 
1, 017, 155 

1,  427,  227 
1,  403, 081 
434,  244 
366, 748 
362, 877 
211, 853 
237, 021 
621,  576 


Departed 


„    . „+    Nonemi- 

E  migrant  I      grant 


3, 964,  720 


395,073 

225, 802 
202, 436 


2, 146, 994 


295,  666 
333,  262 
308,  L90 

303,  338 
204,  074 
129,765 
66,  277 
94,  585 
123,  522 
288, 315 


3,421,811  |      697,397 


172,  935 
122. 949 
150,  487 
172,  406 
164, 121 


787,  469 


191,  618 
202, 826 
193,  376 
199,  649 


978, 163 
432,  505 
673,  406 
879,  302 
458,  435 


247,  718 
198,712 
81, 450 
76,  789 
92,  728 


Total 


Increase 


3,  941, 428     7,  906, 148 


319,755  i 
174, 590 
177, 982 


1,  841, 163 


222, 

282, 

303, 

330, 

180, 

111, 

80, 

98, 

92, 

139, 


716,  839 


178,  313 
146,  672 
119, 136 
139, 956 
132,  762 


714,-828 

400, 392 
380, 418 


3,  988, 157 


7,  708,  777 


209, 867 
543,  843 
817,619 


3, 123, 925 


2,014,065  ;   297,018  (   711,1 


496, 106 
53S,  001 
500,  631 
479, 327 


76, 992 
73, 366 

77,  457 
69,  203 


150,  763 
180,  142 
196, 899 
183,  295 


426, 031 
345, 384 
200, 586 
216,  745 
225, 490 


1,  008, 117 


227,  755 
253,  508 
274,  356 
252, 498 


2, 007,  575 


552, 132 
87, 121 
472, 820 
662,  557 
232,  945 


1, 005, 948 


268, 351 
284, 493 
226,  275 
226,  829 


rABLE  77  — Net  increase  of  population,   by  admissions  dnd  departure  of  aliens, 
calendar  years  1918  to  1928 


Admitted 


Year  ended  Dec.  31— 


Immigrant 


Nonim- 
migrant 


Total 


Total    11    years,  i 

1918-1928 4,363,930 


1,841,037   6,204,967 


1918. 
1919. 
1920. 
1921. 
1922. 
1923. 
1924. 
1925. 
1926. 
1927. 
1928. 


115,916 
247, 358 
708,  562 
563,  905 
381, 167 
751, 050 
354, 770 
290,  725 
336,  295 
323, 885 
290,  297 


109, 
149, 
209, 
129, 
138, 
154, 
172, 
178, 
204, 
197, 
197, 


500 
804 
056 
698 
527 
958 
025 
979 
095 
010 
385 


225, 416 
397, 162 
917,  618 
693, 603 
519, 694 
906, 008 
526, 795 
469,  704 
540, 390 
520, 895 
487, 682 


Departed 


T,     .         t     Nonemi- 
Emigrant       grant 


Total 


1,  434,  322  1, 646,  837 


80,  612 
261, 718 
261,  721 
245, 978 
115,973 

70, 610 

90. 121 
81, 689 
73, 179 

75. 122 
77,  599 


103, 333 
130,  808 
160,  796 
167,  573 
126, 324 
128,  645 
141,  718 
136, 110 
163,  271 
193, 750 
194,  509 


3,  081, 159 


183,945 
392,  526 
422,  517 
413,551 
242,  297 
199,  255 
231,839 
217, 799 
236, 450 
268, 872 
272, 108 


Increase 


3, 123, 808 


41,471 
4,636 
495, 101 
280, 052 
277, 397 
706, 753 
294, 956 
251, 905 
303, 940 
252, 023 
215, 574 


180      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


Table  78.— Nonimmigrant  aliens  admitted,  years  ended  June  30,  1908  to  1929 
by  -principal  countries  of  last  permanent  residence 


Last  permanent  residence 


Period  of  year 


Number 

admitted 


Europe 


Grand     total,     22 
years,  1908-1929,. 

Total  3  years,  1908- 
1910 


1908. 
1909- 
1910. 


Total     10     years, 
1911-1920 


1911. 
1912. 
1913- 
1914- 
1915. 
1916- 
1917- 
191S_ 
1919. 
1920- 


3,437,379    758, 


490,  741 


88,  009 


141,  825 
192,  449 
156,  467 


1,  376,  271 


Total  5  years,  1921- 
1925 _ 


1921. 
1922- 
1923. 
1924. 
1925_ 


Total  4  years,  1926- 
1929 


1926- 
1927. 
1928- 

1929. 


151,  713 
178,983 
229,  335 
184,  601 
107,  544 
67.  922 
67,  474 
101,  235 
95,  889 
191.  575 


782.  898  150, 134 


28,  941 
24,  667 
35, 001 


355,  471 


38,  3.54 
58.  782 
93  078 
55,107 
16,  571 
11,627 
12, 168 
14,  446 
19,  141 
36.  197 


Asia 


156,  900 


Canada 
and 
New- 
found 
land 


260,  697 


9,  623      37,  038 


Mexico 


81,  731 


Centra] 
and 


United 


West      ^ni.tb      Unite* 
Indies     foutb      ^ 


269,  697 


Amer- 
ica 


105.7(5:.    1,734.819 


17,  349       9. 388       320. 098 


3,475 
3,352 
2,796 


9,416 


172,  935 
122,  949 
150,  487 
172,406 
164.  121 


787,469  164,482 


191,  618 
202,  826 
19.3,  376 
199,  649 


36,  890 
39,  096 
43,  477 
45,  019 


2,565 
1,939 
1,658 
1,148 
2,273 
1,579 
1,664 

35,  713 
7,391 

13,  486 


12,  560 

13,  895 

10  :,m 


108,  124 


19,  099 
7,175 
6,516 

10.  066 
7,267 


27,  738 


12,477 
11,  556 

14,  165 

15,  459 
9,983 
5,717 
3,982 
3,809 

11,504 
19,  472 


50,  123  51,  6S0 


6,961 

7.171 
6,786 
6,820 


13,  748 
10,  824 
9,731 

8,598 
8,779 


63,  855 


1,574 
1,757 
2,148 


36,  099 


2,066 
1,946 
2,134 
2.410 
2,352 
1,418 
2,266 
5,111 
9,783 
6,613 


20,  180 


4,270  i  3,231 
5,  704  3,  109 
7,  375       3,  048 


86,814 
138,  915 
94,  369 


104,  697     42.  185 


636,  740 


Other 
coun- 
tries 


3,904 

3,477 
3,519 
4,553 
4,727 


19,  973 


17,012 
16,  539 

14,  915 

15,  389 


4,590 
5,586 
5,490 
4,307 


7,130 
8,299 
8,591 
9,052 
7,784 
9,  126 

10,  790 

11.  203 
13, 421 
19,  301 


90. 004 


18,  670 
15,  434 

19,  908 
21,  347 
14,645 


57,647 


14,  519 
14,  753 
14,  738 
13,  637 


3,720 
3,968 
4,428 
4,  053 
3,279 
3,443 
3,327 
3,891 
4,199 
7,877 


83,  949 
90,  854 

103,  150 
94,  957 
62,  935 
32,  915 
31, 127 
25.  291 
27,  287 

84.  275 


27,477  |     372.977 


5,814 
4,420 
5,173 
6,118 
5,952 


26,  715 


80,  639 
55,242 
72,  040 
79,848 
85,  208 


405,  004 


6,320 
6,541 
6,844 
7,010 


100,  413 
107,  616 

95,  338 

101,  637 


i  Aliens  returning  to  the  United  States  after  a  temporary  visit  abroad  for  less  than  a  year. 


5.830 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      181 


able  79. — Nonemigrant  aliens  departed,  years  ended  June  30,  1908  io  1929,  by 
principal  countries  of  intended  future  permanent  residence 


Period  or  year 

Intended  future  permanent  residence 

Number 
departed 

Europe 

Asia 

Canada 
and 
New- 
found- 
land 

M  exico 

West 
Indies 

Yntial 

and     1 

South 

Amer- 

ica 

T'niteti 
States  i 

Other 
coun- 
tries 

•OS. 
109. 
•  10. 

Ml. 
112 
113. 
U4 

Grand  total,  22 
years,  1908- 
1929 -.- 

3,  941, 428 

1,  037,  663 

117,  355 

628,  451     80,  330 

343,  062 

hi.-,  'iin 

I,  571,  304 

57.6,-:: 

Total,    3    years, 
190S-1910 

672,  327 

241,  287 

9,949 

46,  694 

6,529 

28,  272 

10,  888 

325, 661 

3,047 

319,  755 

149,  783 

4,585 
2,967 
2,397 

6,597       1,996 
6,689  I     2,558 

9,220 

•  8, 984 

3,802 
3,470 

142,  682 
89, 940 

1,090 

174,590 
177,  982 

58, 998 
32,  506 

984 

33,408  ;     1,975 

10,  068 

3,  616 

93,  039 

973 

Total,  10  years, 
1911-1920 

" 

1,841,163 

438, 936 

58, 418 

377,112 

38,  245 

146,  760 

43, 722 

716,  641 

21,  329 

222,  549 
282,  030 
303,  734 

50,  044 
56, 882 
56,  631 

2,000 
1,822 
1,213 

34,  913 
63,  326 
94,010 

2,290 
2,231 
2,  302 

10,  754 
12,  829 
12,410 
14,444 
14,  276 
13,634 
16,  335 
14,418 
13, 896 
23,764 

3,843 
4,229 
4,303 
4,629 
4,453 
4,559 
4,273 
3,898 
3,323 
6,212 

117,135 

138,  930 

130, 946 

150, 593 

66,118 

31,  848 

21,  260 

12, 806 

12,  603 

34, 402 

1,570 
1,781 
1,919 

330.  467         78,  642 

1,  395 

75,482  !     2,959 

2,323 

115             

180, 100 
111,042 
80,  102 
98,  683 
92,  709 
139,  747 

63,  462 
33,  562 
16, 149 
16,312 
32,  214 
35,  038 

1,564 
1,477 
1,473 
35, 938 
6,023 
5,513 

26,  051 
21,981 
16,  936 
8,575 
11,452 
24,386 

2,111 

2,196 
1,951 
5,029 
10,  499 
6,677 

2,065 

J16 -- 

1,785 

117                

1,725 

J1S. 
319 
MO 

921 
925. 

926 

927 . 

928 . 
929. 

1,707 

2,699 

3,755 

Total,    5    vears, 
1921-1925 

716, 839 

201,  858 

26,  352 

98,  671 

15, 177 

106,  869 

25,  884 

226,  590 

15, 438 

178,313 
146,672 
119,136 
139, 956 
132,  762 

59, 866 
46, 403 
28, 773 
33, 951 
32, 865 

6,248 
5,310 
4,409 
4,937 
5,448 

21,  009 
17,  202 
21,447 
25, 493 
13,  520 

4,959 
2,390 
2,403 
2,773 
2,652 

31,759 
18,  656 
16,  727 
21,  636 
18, 091 

6,801 
4,803 
4,397 
4,835 
5,048 

44,  764 
49,  373 
37,  984 
43,  218 
51,  251 

2,907 

2,535 

2,996 

3,113 

3,887 

Total,  4    vears, 
1920-1929 

711,099 

155, 582 

22,  636 

105, 974 

20, 379 

61, 161 

25, 116 

302,412 

17, 839 

150,  763 
180, 142 
196, 899 
183,  295 

35, 116 

38,  837 

39,  849 
41,  780 

5, 752 
5,779 
5,917 
5,188 

17, 924 
29,  628 
30, 114 

28,  308 

3,104 
4,511 
7,660 
5,104 

16,  206 
15,  671 
15, 022 
14,  262 

5,268 
7,313 
6,231 
6,304 

63,  378 
73,  728 
87, 353 
77, 953 

4,015 

4,675 

4,753 

•      4, 396 

1  Aliens  intending  to 

Table  80.— Unitt 
to  1929,  by 

return  to  the  United  States  after  a  temporary  visit  abroad  for  less  than  a 

>d  States  citizens  permanently  departed,  years  ended  June  3 
principal  countries  of  intended  future  permanet  residence 

year. 
0,  1918 

Year 

Number 
departed 

Intended  future  permanent  residence 

Europe 

Asia 

Canada 
and 
New- 
found- 
land 

Mexic°  Indfs 

Central 
and 

South 
America 

Other 
coun- 
tries 

191V 
1919. 
192(1. 
1921. 
1922 
1923 
1924 
192.". 
19  21  ■■ 
1927 
1928 
1929 

Total,  12   years, 
1929              

1918- 

498, 887 

167, 340 

41,463 

203,  266 

22,  355 

29,  674 

31,775 

3,014 

56, 998 
39,  543 

1,786 
3,976 

2,333 
2,094 
5,715 
5,  461 
5,297 
4,  566 
3,400 
2,593 

2,  376 

3,  137 
1,939 
2,  552 

34,  697 
21,716 
25,  094 
23,  059 
15, 036 

9,023 
10,  537 

9,536 
11,758 
11,124 
14,797 
16, 889 

9,015  '<■     3,818 

2,934       2,564 

1,915  1    4,564 

1,766  !     3,547 

1,877       2,871 

1,203  |     2,479 

594  1     2,925 

699        1, 975 

627  i     2,453 

439        1, 505 

561           534 

725             439 

4,957 

5,944 

6,165 

4,010 

3,639 

1,875 

1,561 

1.114 

1,  101 

723 

170 

516 

392 

315 

64,  564 

20.  776 

335 

71,391         33,284 
79. 198         50,  197 
36,260          16.739 
29,661          10,397 
25,  129          9,  285 
28,  182          9,678 

22,  786           5,  658 
21.432  1         3,376 

23,  443           2,  188 

264 

281 

375 

247 

227 

189 

200 

.... 

i  ,1 

182      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


Table  81. — Immigration  to  the  United  States,  1820  to  1929,  by  years 

[No  official  records  were  made  of  the  influx  of  foreign  population  to  this  country  prior  to  1820.  Although 
the  number  of  immigrants  arrived  in  the  United  States  from  the  close  of  the  Revolutionary  War  up 
to  1820  is  not  accurately  known,  it  is  estimated  by  good.authorities.at  250,000] 

t 
Note.— For  1S20  to  1S67  the  figures  are  for  alien  passengers  arriving;  for  1868  to  1903,  for  immigrants 
arriving;  for  1904  to  1906,  for  aliens  admitted;  and  for  1907  to  1928,  for  immigrant  aliens  admitted.  Th< 
years  from  1820  to  1831  and  1S44  to  1849,  inclusive,  are  those  ending  September  30;  from  1833  to  1S43  and  \<>\ 
to  1867  those  ending  December  31;  and  beginning  with  1869  and  thereafter  those  ending  June  30.  The  othei 
periods  cover  15  months  ending  December  31,  1832;  9  months  ending  December  31,  1843;  15  months  ending 
December  31,  1850;  and  6  months  ending  June  30,  1868. 


Grand      total      110 
years,  1820-1929-  37,  520,  312 


1820 8,385 

Total   10   years, 

1821-1830 143,439 

1821 9,127 

1822 6,911 

1823 6,354 

1824 7.912 

1825 10.199 

1826 10,837 

1827 18,875 

1828 27,382 

1829 22,520 

1830 23,322 

Total   10   years, 

1831-1840 599,125 

1831 22,633 

1832 60,482 

1833 58,640 

1834 65,365 

1835 45,374 

1836 76,242 

1837 : 79,340 

1838 38,914 

1839 68,069 

1840 84,066 

Total   10   rears, 

1841-1850.1 1,713,251 

1841 80,289 

1842 104,565 

1843 52,496 

1844 78.615 

1845 114,371 

1846 154,416 

1847 234,  968 

1848 226,527 

J849 297,024 

1850 369,980 

Total   10   rear.-;, 

1851-1860 2,598,214 

1851 379,466 

1852 371.603 


1853 

1854 

1855 

1856 

1857 

1858 

1859 

1860 

Total   10   years, 
1861-1870 2,  £ 

1861 

1862 

1863 

1864 

1865 

1866 

1867 

186S 

1869 

1870 

Total      10      vears. 
1871-1880  _*_ 

1871 

1872 

1873 

1874 

1875 

1876 

1877 

1878 

1879 

1880 

Total       10      vears, 

1881-1890_1 5.246,613 

1881 

1882 

1883 

1884 

1885 

1886 

1887 

1888 

1889 

1890 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION       183 


IBLI 

3  81. — Immigration  to 

Total       10      A-ears, 
1891-1900 

the  United  S 
3,  687,  564 

tales,  11 

1911 
1912 
1913 
1914 
1915 
1916 
1917 
1918 
1919 
1920 

1921 
1922 
1923 
1924 
1925 
1926 
1927 
1928 
1929 

\%Q  to  1929,  by 

Total      10 
1911-1920 

years- 
years, 

-Continued 
5,  735,  811 

91 
99 

560,  319 
579,  663 
439,  730 
285,  631 
258,  536 
343,  267 
230,  832 
229,  299 
311,715 
448,  572 

1 
1 

878,  587 
838,  172 

93 
94 
95 
96 

197,  892 
218,  480 
326,  700 
298,  826 

97 

295,  403 

98 
99 

---.--- 

110,618 
141,  132 

00 

Total 
1921- 

9 
-1929 

430,  001 

Total      10      rears, 
1901-1910/. 

8 

795,  386 

years, 

o 

865,  509 

01 
09 

1 
1 
1, 

1, 

487,  918 
648,  743 
857,  046 
812,  870 
026,  499 
100,  735 
285,  349 
782,  870 
751,  786 
041,  570 

805,  228 
309,  556 

03 

522,  919 

04 

706,  896 

05 
06 
07 
08 
39 
10 

294,  314 
304,  488 
335,  175 
307,  255 
279,  678 

184      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


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Table  84. — Immigrant  aliens  admitted,   years  ended  June  30,   1.911   to   1920,  by 
countries  of  last  permanent  residence — Continued 


Country  of  last  permanent 
residence 


All  countries. 


Europe,  total 

Albania  ' 

Austria 

Belgium 

Bulgaria 

Czechoslovakia  ' 

Danzig,  Free  City  of1 

Denmark 

Estonia  ' 

Finland  ' 

France,  including  Corsica-. 

Germany 

Great  Britain: 

Englarfd 

Scotland 

Wales 

Greece 

Hungary 

Northern  Ireland 

Irish  Free  State 

Italy,  including  Sicily  and 

Sardinia 

Latvia  ' 

Lithuania  ' 

Luxemburg 

Netherlands 

Norway 

Poland' '/."'.'.'. 

Portugal,  including  Azores, 
Cape  Verde,  and  Madeira 

Islands..  _ 

Rumania 

Russia " 

Spain,     including     Canarv 

and  Balearic  Islands 

Sweden 

Switzerland 

Turkey  in  Europe 

Yugoslavia  ' 

Otner  Europe. ._ 


Asia,  total. 

Armenia  ' 

China 

India 

Japan 

Palestine  > 

Persia  ' 

Syria  ' 

Turkey  in  Asia.. 
Other  Asia 


America,  total 

Canada 

Newfoundland..  _ 

Mexico 

Cuba "_'"_ 

Other  West  Indies 

British  Honduras. __ 

Other  Central  America- 
Brazil. 

Other  South  America 

Other  America2 


Others,  total. 


Egypt.. 

Other  America. 

Australia  and  appertaining 
islands 

New  Zealand  and  appertain- 
ing islands 

Other  Pacific  islands 

Countries  not  specified 


1921 


805,  228 


i;:,2. 

"i. 
6, 

40, 

"6, 


795 

552 
803 

431 

954 

75 

502 

7,702 

28, 43J 


222,  201' 


4,009 
511 

7,878 


11.735 
901 


124,  tig 


-72,317 
30,  758 

13,774 

►  2,254 

>  5.015 


!■  '■■• 


.2,191 


1922 


309,  556 


216, 385 


5,019 

1,541 

297 

12,541 


2,709 


2,76 
4,220 
17, 931 

15,  249 
9,018 
886 
3,457 
5,756 

10,  579 
40,319 


1, 990 

5,  292 
28,  035 


1,950 
10,287 

17, 143 

665 
6,624 
3, 
1.660 
6,  047 

405 


14,263 


4,406 

360 

6,  716 


1,998 
783 


77,443 


46, 810 
19,  551 
7,449 

970 

2,668 


1.460 


520 


522,  919 


307,  920 


8,  103 

1,  590 

392 

13, 840 


4,523 


3,  644 

4,  380 
48,  27 

21,558 

23,019 
1,  182 
3.  333 

5,914 

15,  740 
46,  674 


1924 


1925 


06,896  294,314  304,488 


364,339  148,366,155,562 


250 
7,505 
2,065 

550 
13,  554 


3, 150 
11,745 
26,  5> 


13,  705 


4,  986 

25' 

5,809 


2,183 
470 


199, 972 


117,011 
63,  768 
13,  181 

1,  275 

4.  737 


1,322 


548 


5.  281 

765 

3,662 

6,387 

75,  091 

24, 466 

33,471 

1,553 

4.871 
5,  806 

17.111 

56,  246 
1,473 
2,369 


3,783 
11,986 

28.  806 


22,  065 


6,992 

183 

8,801 

-  2,946 

2,820 

323 


318, 855 


200,  690 

89,  336 

17, 

2,000 

9,270 


1,637 


'.inn 


79 
899 
726 
140 

2,462 
243 

2,444 
131 
480 

3,900 
46, 06S 

13, 897 

12,  378 

897 

826 

616 

I   1,210 

\25, 440 

6,203 

263 

472 

150 

1,723 

5,975 

5,341 


874 


142 
270 


273 
143 


158 

1, 102 
718 
175 

2,953 
210 

2,  549 
132 
491 

4,181 
50, 421 

10,  599 

13,661 

1, 

1,121 

906 

419 

24, 478 

8,253 
298 

636 

127 

1,753 

5, 756 

7,126 


666 

1,211 
1,766 

326 
8,  513 
1,994 

210 
1,059 

326 

3,413 


16 
1,751 

93 
654 
250 

56 
429 

21 
143 


144,  393 


91,019 

2.  349 

43,316 

2.  281 

941 

39 

1,  335 
877' 

2,  230 

6 


1927 


335, 175  307,  255 


168,  368  158,  513 


243 

1,016 
764 
222 

3,540 
223 

2,505 
139 
438 

4,405 
48, 513 

9,990 

12,611 

1,068 

2.089 

813 

491 

28,  054 

17,  297 

403 

770 

ill 

1,733 

6,06^ 

9,211 


56 
1,270 

1,  183 

429 
8,287 

2,  121 
216 

1.  190 
388 

3,669 


13 

1,471 

102 

723 

464 

33 
59U 

60 
213 


161,872 


81.  506 

3.074 

67,  721 

3,020 

999 

108 

1.663 

1.089 

2.  688 

4 


263 

1.277 
698 
158 

3,571 
224 

2,473 
136 
473 

4,438 
45,  778 

7,  338 

11.085 

1,535 

2,  328 

857 

724 

24,  544 

L7.728 
258 
531 

106 
1,843 
5,660 
8,755 


584 
1,376 
1,254 

455 
8,051 
1,994 

242 
1,386 

390 

3,380 


21 

,320 

102 

55U 
554 

50 
5U4 

59 
220 


1929 


Total  9 

years, 

1921-1929 


279,  678  3,  865, 509 


158.5982,330,415 

TT322 

31, 124 

14,937 
2,734 

97,  756 
1,104 

31,  269 
1,444 

16,166 

45. 897 
385,  633 


329 

1,  256 

669 

215 

4,411 

204 

2,  525 
141 
416 

4,428 
16,751 

8,008 
11,892 

1,  42' 
2, 266 
1,04 

2,  249 
17,  672 

18, 008 
334 
625 

112 

1.742 

5,9' 

9,002 


623 

1.707 
934 

547 
8,877 
2, 140 

231 
1,369 

466 

3,758 


13 

1,446 

103 

771 

600 

3 
469 

57 
262 


116.177 


1.120 


214 

315 


376 

180 


1,266 


228 

292 


164 

218 


1,081 


215 
269 


385 
193 


04,  440 

2,011 

40, 154 

3,  026 

1,280 

65 

1,492 

914 

2,  789 

6 


144,536 

143,089 

11.573 

48, 793 

29,  415 

197,146 


432, 988 

3.  029 

5, 403 

606 

24, 210 

65, 882 

218,503 


29, 357 
65, 920 

on,  609 

28,288 
94, 140 
27, 987 
14.437 
47.  327 
7.791 

92, 865 


76 

28,311 

1.776 

32, 625 

7,684 

IS,  971 
3,  415 


859,  261 
146,  584 
69,  674 

14,  151 

38. 913 
29 


1,145       13,617 


264 

245 


SI 


448j\ 

171  J 


5.714 


402 

228 


1  Countries  added  to  the  list  since  the  World  War  are  theretofore  included  with  the  countries  to  which 
they  belonged. 

2  Prior  to  1925  other  America  included  with  countries  not  specified. 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


191 


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REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      193 

Table  85  -Emigrant  aliens  departed,  years  ended  June  SO   1908  to  1929,  by  coun- 
tries of  intended  future  -permanent  residence — Continued 


Country  of  intended  future       1Q2i 
permanent  residence 


All  countries 


Europe,  total 


•- 

jkustria 

Belgium 

Bulgaria 

Czechoslovakia 
Danzig,  Free  City  of1 

Denmark 

Estonia  '— -- 

Finland  ' 

France,  including  Corsica 

Germany 

Great  Britain: 
England 
Scotland 

Wales 

Greece 

Hungary 

Northern  Ireland 

Irish  Free  State 

Italy ,  including  Sicily  and 

Sardinia 

Latvia  '. 

Lithuania  ' 
Luxemburg 
Netherlands 

Norway 

Poland  i 

Portugal,  including  Azores, 
Cape  Verde,  and  Madeira 

Islands 

Rumania 

Russia 

Spain,     including     Canary 

and  Halearic  Islands 
Sweden 
Switzerland 
Turkey  in  Europe 
Yugoslavia ' 
Other  Europe 


Armenia  ' 
China 
[ndii 
Japan 
Palestine  > 
Persia  ! 
Syria  ' 

Turkey  in  Asia 
Other  A  sia 


Canada 

$Jew  foundland 

Mexico 

c  aba 

Other  West  Indies 

British  Honduras 

Other  Central  America 

Brazil 

Other  South  America 

Other  America 

Others,  total 

Egypt-- -- 

Other  Africa 

Australia  and  appertaining 
islands 

New  Zealand  and  appertain- 
ing islands 

Other  Pacific  islands 

Countries  not  specified 


i  Countries  added  to  the  list  since  the  World  War  are  theretofore  included  with  the  countries  to  which 
they  belonged.  ,  .  .         .         .„    . 

*  Prior  to  1925  other  America  included  with  countries  not  sneciliea. 


194 


REPORT  OF  THE   COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


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REPORT  OF  THE   COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION        195 


2  *  ' 

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— i  -*  i  e  »e  513  x  1 1  -  —  CC  NONOMK  u: 
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X    r-t  b->  t*-  CO  -^  ©    M  Tt<  OS 


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CO        CI        tN  «-h  r-l        CC  *h  —  ' —> 


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:  r  -  re  c-i  x  c-  o  —  -c  cr  —  rt  o  _ 

J^Ob-H'^lOOiOtDHC  co  r 
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CO  r-»<M-^C-J(Mr-.-^ 


1  OS  CO  ~    — 


;  ?t  ~  —  ti:  C  s  •-."   ; 
O  CO  CS  rj'  C-  ."IX  —  t  -  CI'  IN  CO  00  00 

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r   -.  ©  CM  co  ic  ohhhqc  c-i  ci  —  c-i  -r  x  cr.  ^  i-  i  ^  o  t  -  i  -  re  r  -  rr.  ^  -t-  re  ■.*•■:  x  -~r  c 

-     .    -  i  -■   ,      /     :  —  jz  r — i-cci-/j^riO-i,cxrcx       '-e  -*  i-  ue  ej  >-  ~  -  ■*  -r  n  ~  »e  ~  r-r 
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i 


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x  ei  -^  ei  .-  -*■  —  re  -r  re  ei  -t  t-  O  -t  ■ 

COCSiOiOO^cONCO-HOO'fHiQ. 


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c^  ic  ~  x  ?t  ~  r-  7  i  O  y.  ei  «e  •  :   .:-:•.:  ci  re  —-  O  O  -^  .  .  - 

cc  oT i-h  c'  c i  o i  ce*  -r"  -r      io"ci  o  c:'  36  — "  i  -*  c i . 

i-h  -r  -h       ,r.  ~  ci  x  co  ©  co  -rt-  c 


*  it.  c  -^  M  /  n  rr  -  M  r:  O  ■c  O  -  » 
i  -c  v:  •  e  i  -  x  re  ~  c?  -*  '-;-«  —  ci  i  -  re 

C0»0tr)-i0f-01CNOrCiINOXHO 

-*  re'  :e'  — '  o  x*  — "  i  -  ~'  — *  ~*  ei  ei  r-"  co 

t^  rt  r-  l:  ^  -c  ci  w 


~  ei  ~-  i  -  x  '—  > e  7\  .e  >c  —  —  ei  -e  c  -e  e-i  co  ©  01  c 
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to  o  x*  o*  r4  -rr  re'  re'  ©*"      os  co  X*  o  -~"  ©*  co  cc  o  co" 


—         CM  -^ 


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t  -  ~  ©        --  o  M  '■:  --T  ©  "  x  '  -  -r  ei  re  re  re   ~- 
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io"  oT  00  C  1  ^  r*  ©"  ^e  OS  i-H  ue,'  r-T  c4"r  " 


rH  CO  CO  00  CO  C-JJ  CO  --h  CN  CM         X  '-  I 


r-»  CM  CO  Ol  t-- 
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r-  ©  c-i  rs 


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ej  ©  x  ^  © ■  -o  —  '-e  t~  re  i-  cm  ci  -r  ^  ce  i~       cm  as  oc  r-t  -*f  -o  — •  m  ei  >e  ei  —  ;-  t.e  ^r  — ■  -r 
cm  re  ©  ©  ---  X  i-e  cm  r^  r-  ^-  ©  cm  cm  co  ©  lo       ©  ©  i  -       -f  -r  re  i  -  ;  -  x .  ©  -*■  © f*  OS  t>j 

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-H  r-H  rH  U*.  "    ^   »"C    *    T    .^    L^  —   rH    r-^  I-  r-    r-    — ■    CM   CM 


r"    H 


o  pi 


XI  a  0  0 

"  c:  2  -  - 

«  s  s  a  * 


e-r  "  •-  •—  a  e 


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196 


REPORT  OF  THE   COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


fH   ^00 


-  c  i-  i  ■  •/  i:  t  f  r.  *r  ^  i-  -  r.  ;:  i-:  ^.  o  m  c  c  m  i-e,  ci  ~i — -I-.--XX?  o  m  o  —  *  cm  <~  cc  — 


irnoci  ci  re  — •  —  t  -  t-c  -o  >o  t  -  — •  re  re  ci  : 


x-rNx:it''.^  n  -t  o  a  J.  i 


i  — i  x  r.  ~.  i-  *i  r.  -  j.  x  ~  ci  m  ~  *  :i  ^.  c  . 


:wom-mct  cit  u:«i 


iffiO^IDNNClH  C3  31  —  03 


~.  rr  x  i-  ■-  3-  ■-  ci  —  x  cc  ~  -r  ■" *  i~  -3  i 

re    X   CC  CO  CO    X     X    •  ■-.   CM         CO  CM  —  3-  —   3.  CC  —  « 


iO  p-i  — i  O  O  ' 


1  X  CC  X  CC  —  : 


c^x       —  3.  >-  -3  -3  '--  c  -r  r-j  >c  o  ri  > 


CN        NN^t.iC/.OOMCJ         N**  CD         >OHnC4MC  ''   '~-  —         — 


H     W  OS 

5   03    I 

c  <">  r: 


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cC  X  -r*  —  i  -  cc  » f-n  0<N  » 

t^CccccNrc-H-rtom-  ■ ' 


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'X-t—   X   CI  3>  '"   CI  '3  X> 
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o 


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31         C  'C  ^  M  ~  Cl  — 
CM        ^-  iO         HM        .— i 


i  x  -•  -h  x  x  >-  o  x  t'  f  : 


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l-c  c3  —  cc  cc  re  >e  3.  x  re  3  -!-  o  ■-  -+■  re  3-  •-  x  ci  :i  ?i  -  ; 


31  O  ?l  O  ~-  * -  CC 


:  — -  —  x  x  —  o  o  «o       cohn       n  x  rf  m  ^  -j?  r-«  . 


;  ™  —  t  r  -  t  -  x  o  x  re  : 

■    ■■  —  x  i  -  oa  —  3:  — .  Tf  : 


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'~  x  c:  o  •-;  ci  — .  cc  "i  ifl  cONHGOtoooclcoax 


•  —  3:  --c  x  ~  re  ci  ~  ■--  •-:  —  t-  1 


3i  3:  tjh  zz.  O  'X  3-        — 


■   ;  -   I  -    1       «p  t-  O  00  CO         tOOl 
35  -3'  N  i-T  — <  7  i  1  -' 


•  O       tt*  rr  cn  —  -r  re  -r  — 1  : 


n  /-:i™^ 


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1-  10  C5        —        O  C  ^  N  c  c-i  CC  1  -  <;  tc       CO  00 


o  -  t:  i--  -  r:  -  >:  3--  o  r  ■-  1  -  ic  x 
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OC  CO        iHNCONOH 


CO  ~*  — *  o"  of  I—"  10 


CO         MOCC'IONrj 


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REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION        199 

Table   88. — Immigrant   aliens   admitted  and  emigrant  aliens   departed,   showing 
comparative  per  cent  of  total,  by  race  or  people,  years  ended  June  30 

Race  or  people 

Immigrant  aliens,  per  cent  of  each 
race 

Emigrant  aliens,  per  cent  of  each 
race 

1916- 

1920 

1921- 
1925 

1926 

1927 

1928 

1929 

1916- 
1920 

1921- 
1925 

1926 

1927 

1928 
100.0 

1929 

Total 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0 

100.0    100.0  1 100.0 

100.0 

2,  5 

!  i 
.i 

.4 
.  7 
.  1 
.8 

(') 
2.3 

1.4 

.5 

.9 

.2 

.  1 
1.3 

0.3 

.2 

.8 

.  1 
.5 
.2 
.5 

(') 
1.0 

0.3 
.3 

.7 

.2 
.3 
.3 

.6 

(') 
.9 

0.3 
.3 

.4 

.2 
.3 
.3 

(') 

.9 

(') 

10.9 

.2 

5.8 

17.6 

.9 

3.8 

12.4 

.9 

5.2 

.2 

(') 

.1. 

.4 

18.8 

1.4 

.3 

6.1 

7.5 

i!  i 

.'6 

.2 
.2 

0.4 
.3 

.5 

.2 
.4 
.4 

.S 

(') 

1.  1 

(') 

10.7 

.2 

6.1 

19.9 

1.1 

4.5 

11.  1 

.9 

5.9 

.3 

(') 

.1 

.5 

13.9 

1.3 

.  2 

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2 

6.9 
7.8 
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1.2 
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0) 

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1.0 
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l-'i 
1.  1 
1.  1 

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6.8 

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3.3 
1.0 
6.5 

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2.5 
29.  2 
1.3 
(') 

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2.2 
7.2 
2.9 
2.0 
3.1 
2.7 

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3.7 
1.6 
1.9 
3.3 

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.3 
.  1 

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2.8 

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.  2 

1.2 
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2.4 

2.2 

5.6 

.3 

1.3 

.5 
1.4 

.  1 
10.2 

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2.4 
7.5 
4.3 

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2.0 

3.0 

21.  3 

1.6 

.1 

.  5 
1.3 
3.8 
3.7 
3.2 
1.6 

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5.0 

2.6 

9 

3.8 

2.4 

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.  1 

1.0 
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1.0 
.  1 

1.7 

1.8 
5.6 

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1.7 

.5 
1.4 

.  1 
11.3 

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2.5 
10.4 
3.3 

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2.1 
2.1 
20.4 
1.4 

.1 

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1.3 
5.0 
3.9 
1.8 
1.2 

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.1 

4.9 

2.9 

1.0 

3.3 

2.2 

.3 

.2 

.1 

1.0 
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0.6 
(') 

1.9 

1.9 
5.  1 
.3 

1.7 

5 

Bohemian   and    Moravian 
(Czech) 

Bulgarian,    Serbian,    and 

Montenegrin. 

Chinese 

Croatian  and  Slovenian 

Cuban 

Dalmatian,   Bosnian,   and 

1    1 

3.0 

3.2 
1.2 
.  7 

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1.2 

.1 
6.4 

.7 
1.7 
3.0 
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1.4 
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21.2 
2.1 
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2.8 
2.7 
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3.0 
1.2 
3.2 
3.5 
1.0 

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2 

.1 

.  5 
.  5 

1.9 

2.2 

3.7 

.8 

1.7 

1.3 

.  1 
9.0 

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1.7 
5.9 
6.7 

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1.6 
3.9 
22.0 
1.6 
(') 

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1.4 
4.1 
3.7 
3.9 
1.7 

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.  1 

5.4 
2.4 
1.1 
3.9 
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.3 
.3 
.  1 

.9 

.4 

Dutch  and  Flemish.  

1.6 
1 

English 

Finnish 

13.1 
1.3 

7.  1 
2.  6 
5.5 
4.2 

1.9 

12.  6 
3.7 
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10.3 

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3.3 

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5.7 

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1. 1 

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11.0 
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5.  5 
10.3 

1.7 
10.7 

6.  5 
2.  1 

12.2 
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(') 

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1.2 
8.7 
2.4 
1.  1 

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:82 

5.4 
6.4 

2.0 

1.4 

14.5 

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7.3 

19.3 

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3.4 

14.0 

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2.6 

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(') 

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14.0 

1.0 

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6.  4 

9.0 

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12.0 

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5.8 

16.9 

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3.4 

13.3 

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4.7 

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(») 

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19.9 

1.3 

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5.7 
7.6 

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1.0 

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14.4 
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2  3 

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Greek 

Hebrew 

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2  4 

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12  4 

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1.3 

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Mexican 

Polish 

1.2 
10.4 
(') 

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Scandinavian  (Norwegians, 

Danes,  and  Swedes) 

Scotch... 

2.8 
1.0 
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4.0 
2.4 

Slovak 

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2.3 

Spanish  American 

.  8 
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(')     !     0) 
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2.  5 
2 

Turkish 

.  1 

Welsh 

West   Indian   (except  Cu- 
ban)   

Other  peoples 

Not  specified     

.2 

1.  1 
.3 

Less  than  one-tenth  of  1  per  cent. 


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206       REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  CF  IMMIGRATION 

T\ble  92. — Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  with  comparative  -per  cent,  by  sex,  years 
ended  June  SO,  1871  to  1929 


Period 

Total  im- 
migrants 

Number 

Per  cent 

Male            Female 

Male     Female* 

Grand  total,  59  years,  1871-1929 - 

30, 143,  074 

19, 179, 

10, 963, 396 

63.6 

36.4 

Total  10  vears,  1871-1880       - 

2, 812, 191 

1,725,148 

1,087,043 

61.3 

" 

321, 350 
404, 806 
459, 803 

313.  339 

169,986 
141,857 

138, 469 
177, 826 
457, 257 

190, 42S 
240,170 
275, 792 
1S9, 

130, 922 
124,114 

59.3 
59.3 
60.0 

40.  7 

40 .% 

40.  0 

39.6 

1875                                             

139,950  ;           87,548 

1 

92,  033 
86, 259 

58,  200 

■- 
52,  210 

34.2 



: 

37.7 

62.  9           :.  l 

169,  634 

62.9 

37.1 

Total,  10  years,  1881-1890 5,246,613 


881. 

882 . 


885. 
886. 

S87. 

390 


5.  246,  613 

3,205,911 

2,04'    J   . 

- 

669,431 

410,729 

258,  702 

38.  i 

- 

- 

_ 

. 

603,  322 

363, *63 

. 

60.  3 

' 

- 

: 

395, 346 

42. 7 

334, 203 

200,  70! 

133,  499 

60.  1 

490. 109 

540,  889 

345,  375 

201,514  . 

444,  427 

263,  024 

181,403 

59.  2 

455, 302 

• 

173,449 

61.-9 

- 

Total,  10  years,  1891-1900 


1891. 
1892. 
1893. 

1895. 
1896. 
1897. 

1898. 
1899. 
1900. 


Total,  10  years,  1901-1910. 


1901. 
1902. 

1903. 
1904. 
1905. 

1906. 
1907. 
1908. 
1909. 
1910. 


560, 319 

439,  730 
285, 631 

311,715 
'448,572 


_  .  7,330       1,390,234         62.3 


8,  795, 3S6 


487,918 

812,870 
i 
100,  735 
285,  349 
782,  870 
751,  786 
041,570 


Total,  10  years,  1911-1920 5,735,811 


1911         I        878,587 

1912 --- 

19!3  1 

1914  -  1    - 


1915. 
1916. 
1917. 
1918. 
1919. 
1920. 


326.  700 

295, 403 
110,618 
141.132 
430,  001 


354,  059 
361,  564 

109,274 
149, 016 

135, 107 

135,  775 

3C4, 148 


206, 260 

116,357 

130, 801 

93,  524 
1 16,  438 
144,424 


(i,  141.942        2,653,444 


331, 
466, 
613, 
549, 
724, 
764, 
929, 
506, 
519. 


182,374 

243,900 
263,  77u 

355,  3.3 

275.  95:> 

305.  532 


- 

59.  3 
57.6 
61.9 

59.  2 
62.  6 
67.  8 

69. 


67.9 
71.9 
71.5 
67.  b 
70.  6 
69.5 
72.4 
64.8 
69.2 
70.7 


3,643,385       2,092,426 


570,  057 
529.931 

798,  747 
187,021 

174,479 
61. 880 
:     .   - 

247,  625 


308,  530 
308,  241 

■  ::- 

119.733 

116,597 
12".  924 
48,  73^ 
57, 860 
182,376 


63.5 


64.9 
63.2 
67.5 
65.6 
57.  2 

59.0 


Tot:,!,  9  years,  1921-1929 865,509        2,165,962 


56.0 


1922. 
1923. 
1924. 
1925. 

1927. 

1929. 


3C9,  556 
522,919 
706, 896 
294,314 
304,488 
335, 175 
307.  255 
279,678 


449.  422 
149,741 

163,252 

194.  163 
165.977 
142.  132 


355, 806 

159,815 
215,397 

131,062 
133,921 
141,012 
141,278 
137, 546 


55.8 
48.4 
58.8 

55.  5 

57.  9 

54.0 


36.: 
40.; 

42.= 

38. : 

41.; 
40.  i 

37. 
32. 


REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION        207 

?able  93. — Emigrant  aliens  departed,  with    comparative    per    cent,  by    sex,   years 
ended  June  80,  1908  to  1929 


log 
110 


ill 

112. 

(13. 

Hi 
115 
116 

117. 


Period 


Grand  total  22  years,  1903-1929. 


Total  3  years,  190S-1910. 


Total  10  years,  1911-1920 


Total  9  years,  1921-1929. 


Total  emi- 
grants 


823,311 


395,  073 

i  225,  81 12 

202, 436 


Number 


Male 


3.141,909 


676,  539 


154,842 


303, 

204, 

129, 

66, 

'.<!. 

288, 


• 

190 

074 

2T  7 

522 

315 


2i5, 
251, 
242, 
168, 

48, 

71. 

101, 

237, 


994, 415 


723, 131 


146,  772 


52,  L90 
47,594 


404,695 


31  ,002 

17,  850 


Per  cent 


Male      I 


82.2 


7.;.  5 


SI.  2 


271.2-.! 


247,718 
198,712 
81,450 

02.  72s 
76,  992 
73, 366 
77.4:,7 
69,  203 


189, 
143, 
54, 
5i . 
70. 
54, 
51, 
54, 
46, 


134 

22:: 

7.':  2 

313 

si,", 
989 
536 
786 
533 


:,-.,  58 1 

26, 698 
19, 476 
21,863 

22,003  j 
21,830  I 
22,671  I 
22,670  I 


80.8 

81.7 
79.  8 

82  ! 

73.1 
, .".  -1 
81.9 
82.5 


72.7 


76.4 
72.1 
67.  2 

76.4 

71.4 
70.2 
7U.7 
67.  2 


13.2 
20.8 


19.2 
17.2 
18.3 
20.2 
17.6 
17.8 

24  6 
18.1 

17.5 


27.3 


23.6 

27.  9 

2.-'.  4 
23.6 
28.6 

29.3 
32.8 


•  Sex  of  29.70S  estimated.     This  number,  leaving  the  United  States  via  Canadian  border,  was  reported 
y  the  Canadian  Government. 


208       REPORT  OF   THE   COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table   94. — Immigrant  aliens  admitted  years  ended  June  30,    1926  to   19:29,   by 
countries  of  last  permanent  residence  and  sex 


Country    of  last  permanent 
residence 


All  countries 

Europe,  total 

Albania 

Austria. 

Belgium 

Bulgaria 

C  zechoslo  vak  ia 

Danzig,  Free  City  of 

Denmark 

Estonia. 

Finland 

France,  including  Corsica 

Germany 

Great  Britain: 

England.., 

Northern  Ireland 

Scotland 

Wales 

Greece 

H  ungary 

Irish  Free  State 

Italy,    including   Sicily   and 

Sardinia 

Latvia. 

Lithuania 

Luxemburg 

Netherlands 

Norway 

Poland. 

Portugal,   including   Azores, 

Cape  Verde,  and  Madeira 

Islands..  _ 

Rumania 

Russia 

Spain,  including  Canary  and 

Balearic  Islands 

Sweden 

Switzerland 

Turkey  in  Europe 

Yugoslavia 

Other  Europe.. 

Asia,  total 

Armenia. 

China 

India 

Japan.. 

Palestine 

Persia 

Syria 

Turkey  in  Asia 

Other  Asia... 

America,  total 

Canada 

Newfoundland 

Mexico 

Cuba 

Other  West  Indies 

British  Honduras 

Other  Central  America 

Brazil 

Other  South  America 

Other  America 

Others,  total 

Egypt 

Other  Africa 

Australia   and   appertaining 
islands 

New  Zealand  and  appertain- 
ing islands 

Other  Pacific  islands 


REPORT  OF    THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL   OF  IMMIGRATION 


209 


ujle   95.— Emigrant   aliens   departed,    years  ended  June  30,    1926  to   1929,   by 
countries  of  intended  future  permanent  residence  and  sex 


ountrv  of  intended  future 
permanent  residence 

1926 

! 
1927 

1928 

1929 

Male 

Female 

Male 

Female 

Male 

Female 

Male 

Female 

All  countries 

54,989       22,003 

51.  536 

21, 830 

54,  786 

22,671 

46,  533 

22, 670 

Europe,  total 

43,413  i     16,627 

38, 832 

16, 570 

40, 473 

16,  712 

31,  986 

15,295 

294              20 

223 
264 
254 
118 

1,601 

5 

310 

11 

295 

807 

2,216 

2,436 
66 
646 
27 
2,  680 
481 
439 

15, 087 

11 

213 

5 

276 

1,158 

1,934 

1,883 
819 
159 

1,941 

643 

339 

23 

1,448 
8 

14 

204 

228 

12 

675 

1 

220 

3 

241 

830 

2,  532 

2,  558 

99 

795 

17 

450 
360 
610 

2,672 
10 
101 
8 
180 
628 
716 

464 

429 

80 

237 
472 
255 

1 
463 

5 

86 

331 

263 

98 

1,489 

1 

310 

8 

353 

1,028 

3,  506 

:',.  244 
101 
719 
22 

2.130 
541 
549 

14,925 

30 

205 

8 

320 

1,208 

2,222 

1,148 
697 
322 

1,740 

810 

418 

34 

1,574 

33 

4 

249 

222 

12 

581 

82 

258 

3(17 

67 

1,204 

8 

286 

17 

274 

895 

3,447 

3, 073 

20 

790 

22 

1,479 
456 
734 

10,154 
22 
165 
7 
304 
654 
1,  661 

1,619 
469 
232 

1,026 

620 

342 

8 

1,251 

33 

5 
188 
231 

11 

485 

5 

283 
261 

82 

1,543 

1 

398 

13 

317 

545 

1,887 

2,371 

89 
650 

20 

4,668 

476 

359 

16,693 

33 

277 

4 

204 

230 

6 

758 

293 

2 

202 

466 

2,021 

2,550 
119 

682 
17 
496 
395 
492 

3,  287 

25 

131 

3 

3 
232 

1,002 
3,139 

2.  795 
84 
779 
17 
331 
379 
566 

2,399 
25 

114 
10 
194 
478 
849 

210 
305 
104 

243 
172 
308 

4 
367 

5 

200 
19 

192 

899 
2,  883 

ance,  including  Corsica 

•eat  Britain: 
England              -- 

2,985 
21 
861 
34 
257 
305 
718 

Northern  Ireland 

Uy,    including   Sicily  and 

2,157 
17 
92 
3 
162 
309 
612 

235 

1, 376 
2,062 

2,  399 
913 
129 

2,172 

702 

294 

29 

1,  797 
41 

711 

819 

527 

491 

52 

293 
448 
192 

1 
545 

5 

ortugal,   including   Azores, 
Cape  Verde,  and  Madeira 

300 
249 

82 

pain,  including  Canary  and 

133 

238 

3 

273 

11 

ther  Europe 

Asia,  total 

4,234 

697 

5,315 

692 

5,349 

724 

4,380 

676 

43 

2,809 

86 

833 

135 

26 

151 

125 

28 

18 

3,945 

102 

894 

111 

29 
123 

56 

37 

2 

234 

24 

311 
31 
4 

62 
18 
6 

14 
4,083 

132 
768 
73 
18 
170 
48 
43 

4 
281 

24 

317 

4 

75 
13 

1 

12 

3, 345 

118 

663 

54 

13 

105 

38 

32 

1 

180 

27 

375 

38 

1 
57 

3 
16 

281 
33 
282 

8 

49 
9 
6 

^urkev  in  Asia 

)ther  Asia  

America,  total 

7,004 

4,481 

7,007 

4,296 

8,623 

4,997 

9,836 

6,488 

1,479 

152 

2,164 

1,192 

807 

22 

294 

149 

745 

694 

131 

1,034 

730 

1,  111) 

23 

227 

61 

470 

1 

1,300 

249 

2,139 

1,070 

905 

10 

425 

139 

l II? 

653 
238 
818 
528 
1,229 

10 
276 

70 
474 

1,705 

291 

2,779 

1,359 

991 

11 

438 

91 

958 

S24 

241 

1,178 

594 

1,300 

8 

301 

48 

503 

1,664 

208 

4,660 

1,102 

772 

5 

409 

164 

852 

1,042 

2,  535 

6 

3ther  Central  America 

EJrazil 

3ther  South  America 

316 
73 
521 

Others,  total... 

.[          338 

198 

382 

272 

341 

238 

331 

211 

!            27 
59 

156 

80 

16 

11 
29 

101 

54 
3 

18 
55 

227 

59 
23 

I 

10 

29 

152 

70 
11 

16 

74 

185 

57 

9 

3 

48 

140 

43 
4 

40 

75 

161 

50 
5 

16 

Australia   and   appertaining 
islands..     

New  Zealand  and  appertain- 

113 

37 
8 

210        REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


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212      REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 

Table  97. — Immigrant  aliens  admitted,  years  ended  June  30,   1926  to  1929,   by 

race  or  people  and  sex 

[For  annual  total  by  race,  see  Table  86] 


Race  or  people 

1926 

1927 

1928 

1929 

Male 

Female 

Male 

Female 

Male 

Female 

Male 

Female 

Total 

170, 567 

133,  921 

194, 163 

141,012 

165,  977 

141,  278 

142,  132 

137,  54S 

African  (black) 

388 
189 

1,118 

234 
1,182 

259 
1,079 

31 

1,760 

46 

23,  542 

270 

12,  509 

30,  704 

344 

4,568 

22,  941 

764 

3,  200 

425 

39 

123 

447 

33,304 

2 

1,273 

483 

99 

419 

263 

11,437 

13, 409 

357 

427 

1,501 

184 

18 

845 

171 

213 

506 
552 

1,376 

298 
193 
433 

397 

44 

1,396 

4 

20,  664 

404 

9,728 

27,  971 

1,041 

5,  699 

19,  534 

722 

4.688 

173 

13 

270 

629 

9,334 

415 
263 

1.239 

322 

830 

352 

1,435 

37 

1,713 

47 

20,  768 

278 

10,396 

33, 142 

864 

5,255 

24, 149 

1.433 

7,826 

449 

40 

246 

467 

48,  107 

5 

2,177 

653 

184 

586 

246 

12,  546 

12,  940 

634 

648 

1,923 

302 

39 

775 

188 

244 

540 
720 

1,167 

278 
221 
469 
484 

32 

1,412 

4 

19,397 

351 

8,917 

23,445 

1,  693 

6,228 

20,  577 

1,204 

8,066 

211 

7 

303 

582 

18, 659 

3 

2,072 

190 

•     238 

663 

199 

6,689 

12,  604 

383 

417 

1,262 

382 

73 

525 

193 

152 

463 

264 

625 

245 
668 
330 

1,551 

46 

1,573 

37 

16,894 

244 

9,926 

29,  222 

696 

5,311 

19,412 

1,169 

5,637 

358 

19 

107 

501 

37,  965 

2,381 
562 
162 
600 
234 

11,  716 

11,454 

1,191 

592 

2,052 

226 

72 

1,016 

192 

262 

493 

798 

623 

28G 
263 
608 
507 

49 

1,307 

1 

16,  703 

300 

8,037 

24,  935 

2,152 

6, 328 

18,  781 

1,484 

10, 450 

164 

3 

219 

611 

19, 800 

563 
243 

643 

301 
800 
422 

] .  58i 

41 

1,614 

49 

14.  649 

219 

9,319 

27,  640 

854 

5,157 

14, 969 

1,096 

5,874 

504 

41 

125 

591 

24,  798 

2 

1,689 

450 

221 

530 

309 

11,390 

10,299 

1,050 

464 

1,980 

245 

55 

965 

181 

204 

691 

Armenian 

686 

Bohemian     and     Moravian 
(Czech) 

7  -.4 

Bulgarian,      Serbian,      and 

;-4 

Chinese 

271 

Croatian  and  Slovenian 

Cuban 

555 

Dalmatian,     Bosnian,     and 
Herzegovinian 

78 

Dutch  and  Flemish 

1,33| 

East  Indian 

7 

English 

15,197 

Finnish 

290 

French 

7,638 

German 

27,  991 

Greek... 

2,171 

Hebrew 

7,222 

Irish 

15,953 

Italian  (north) 

1.535 

Italian  (south) 

10,  578 

Japanese 

212 

Korean 

8 

284 

Magyar 

751 

Mexican 

14.  183 

Pacific  Islander 

2 

Polish 

1.902 
310 
220 
519 
242 

7,981 

13, 889 

177 

272 

1,018 
304 
79 
569 
202 
168 

1,857 
282 

281 
649 
177 

(»,  948 
11,723 

1,006 
426 

1,438 
387 
71 
707 
202 
222 

1,818 

Portuguese 

Rumanian 

403 
364 

Russian. 

822 

Ruthenian  (Russniak) 

Scandinavian    (Norwegians, 

Danes,  and  Swedes) 

Scotch 

223 

8, 038 
11,627 

Slovak 

1,393 

Spanish. ._.„__. 

436 

Spanish  American 

1,278 

Syrian 

387 

Turkish 

72 

Welsh 

694 

West  Indian  (except  Cuban). 
Other  peoples 

199 
234 

REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      213 

Fable  9S. — Emigrant  aliens  departed,  years  ended  Jum   SO,   1926  to  1989,  by  race 

or  people  and  sex 

[For  annual  total  by  race,  see  Table  87] 


Race  or  people 


Total 

\frican  (black) 

\  rrneni  an 

Bohemian     and     Moravian 

(Czech)... 

Bulgarian,      Serbian,      and 

Montenegrin 

Chinese 

Gfroatian  and  Slovenian 

!uban  _  _ 

Dalmatian,     Bosnian,     and 

Herzegovinian 

Dutch  and  Flemish 

last  Indian 

English.. 

Finnish 

French 

German 

Greek 

Hebrew 

Irish 

Italian  (north) 

Italian  (south) 

Japanese.. 

Korean 

Lithuanian 

Magyar 

Mexican. 

Pacific  Islander 

Polish 

Portuguese 

Rumanian 

Russian 

Ruthenian  (Uussniak) 

Scandinavian    (Norwegians, 

Danes,  and  Swedes) 

Scotch  

Slovak 

Spanish 

Spanish  American 

Syrian. 

Turkish.... 

Welsh 

West  Indian  (except  Cuban) 
Other  peoples 


1026 


Male 


379 
83 

931 

1.320 
2.746 

468 
763 

368 

574 

65 

3,481 

345 

699 

2,  269 

4,694 

225 

563 

2,144 

14,  546 

830 

20 

289 

585 

2,131 

1 

2.010 

2,439 

861 

400 

54 

2,  673 

1,055 

625 

2,543 

847 

184 

185 

47 

265 

282 


Female 


22.  003 


186 


361 

127 
124 
524 

177 

419 

4 

3.  454 
215 
578 

2.240 
494 
116 
662 
892 

2,422 

371 

7 

150 

478 

1,027 


813 
550 
441 

181 
11 

1,515 

857 

225 

429 

557 

76 

16 

29 

395 

36 


Male       Female      Male      Female 


51,536  |     21,830       54,786 


22,  671 


36.". 
12 

1,  176 

1,  22'.) 
3,  910 

207 
638 

24  >  l 
588 
74 
3,  758 
321 
912 

2,  636 
2,689 

148 

674 

1,847 

13,  513 

852 

45 

216 

541 

1,978 

4 

1,977 

l.,v..'.i 

792 

345 

15 

2,269 
962 
547 
2,382 
1,121 
133 
137 
44 
304 
197 


358 
35 


."48 

916 

363 

1,  139 

207 

4,049 

44 

456 

342 

875 

131 

224 

417 

648 

9 

104 

3,  691 

4,786 

256 

391 

849 

965 

2,879 

4,366 

451 

2,184 

76 

184 

758 

862 

562 

1,201 

2,114 

13,  826 

296 

753 

7 

30 

115 

229 

405 

630 

796 

2,709 

3 

1 

748 

2,191 

464 

1.176 

409 

625 

165 

476 

4 

46 

1,409 

2,506 

968 

1,229 

146 

581 

399 

2,193 

671 

1,069 

70 

162 

29 

98 

21 

57 

450 

290 

44 

166 

431 
12 


257 

251 

78 

407 

137 

436 

2 

.;,  wi 

256 

950 

3,720 

341 

69 

787 

425 

2,008 

302 

9 

122 

394 

1,164 

2 

855 

254 

283 

166 

13 

1,261 

1, 039 

165 

385 

651 

70 

18 

28 

495 

23 


Male 


46,  533 


186 
20 

931 

1,108 
3.279 

144 
738 

213 

654 

63 

5,  054 

280 

814 

4,079 

1,  518 

125 

877 

3,  005 

7,  244 

657 

25 

169 

497 

4,650 

2 

1,680 

1,645 

450 

385 

17 

1,790 

872 

328 

1,293 

1,078 

85 

46 

70 

310 

152 


Female 


22,  670 

239 
6 

377 

233 

217 
32 

428 

134 

447 

4 

4,906 
207 
807 

3, 304 

275 

64 

782 

821 

1,366 
274 

101 
323 
2,522 
1 
636 
316 
239 
163 


956 
805 
109 
272 
677 
50 
15 
45 
451 
50 


214       REPORT  OF  THE   COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION 


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REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION        215 


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REPORT  OF  THE  COMMISSIONER  GENERAL  OF  IMMIGRATION      223 


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